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Physiology > Exam 4: Endocrine System > Flashcards

Exam 4: Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

what are the diffrent glands of the endocrine system?

Pit, Thy, Para, Pan, Adr, Gon, Thy

A

1) pituatary
2) Thyroid
3) parathyroids
4) pancreas
5) adrenal gland
6) gonads
7) thymus

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2
Q

what are the diffrent parts of the pituatary gland?

A, N

A

1) Adenohypophysis
2) Neurohypophysis

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3
Q

What is the adenohypophysis of the pituatary gland?

A

anterior lobe which is densley populated

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4
Q

what hormones does the adenohypophysis release?

GH, TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, PRL, MSH

A

1) growth hormone
2) thyroid stimulating hormone
3) adrenocorticotropic hormone
3) follicle stimulating hormone
4) luteinizing hormone
5) prolactin milk production
6) melanocyte stimulating hormone

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5
Q

what is the fuction of the growth hormone in the adenohypophysis of the pituatary gland?

A

regulates mitosis and growth body cells, peuberty

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6
Q

what is the fuction of the thyroid stimulating hormone in the adenohypophysis of the pituatary gland?

A

controls thyroid activity

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7
Q

what is the fuction of the adrenocorticotropic hormone in the adenohypophysis of the pituatary gland?

A

controls activity of teh adrenal cortex

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8
Q

what is the fuction of the follicle stimualting hormone in the adenohypophysis of the pituatary gland?

A

stimulates oogensis and spermatogensis

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9
Q

what is the fuction of the luteinizing hormone in the adenohypophysis of the pituatary gland?

A

stimulates release of female and male sex hormones

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10
Q

what is the fuction of prolactin in the adenohypophysis of the pituatary gland?

A

milk production

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11
Q

what is the neurohypophysis of the pituatary gland?

A

the posterior lobe of the pituatary

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12
Q

what part of the brain stores hormones in the neurohypohysis of the pituatary gland?

A

hypothalamus

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13
Q

what two hormones are stored in the neurohypophysis?

A

1) oxytocin
2) antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

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14
Q

what is the fuction of the oxytocin hormone in the neurohypophysis of the pituatary galnd?

A

causes uterine contractions during labor and milk release

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15
Q

what is the fuction of the ADH hormone in the neurohypophysis of the pituatary galnd?

A

inhibits urine formation

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16
Q

what is the function of the thyroid?

A

in response to TSH it releases two hormones

17
Q

what are the two hormones that the thyroid release?

A

1) thyroid hormone
2) calcitonin

18
Q

what is the function of the thyroid hormone in the thyroid gland?

A

increases cellular activity in skeletal, reproductive, and nervous system

19
Q

what is the function of calcitonin in the thyroid gland?

A

released in response to increased blood Ca levels.

20
Q

how does calcitonin decrease blood Ca levels?

A

by stimulating the deposition of Ca into the bones

21
Q

what is the parathyroids and its function?

where can it be found? release?

A

4 masses on the back of the thyroid in which they release parathyroid hormone in response to low Ca levels

22
Q

how does the parathyroid increase blood Ca levels?

A

by stimulating the removal of Ca from the bones

23
Q

where are hormones from the pancreas secreted from?

A

islets of langerhans

24
Q

what is the islets of langerhans

A

groups of pancreatic cells secreting insulin and glucagon.

25
Q

what two hormoes are secreted by the islets of langerhans?

A

1) Beta cells
2) alpha cells

26
Q

what is the function of beta cells in islets of langerhans of the pancreas?

A

secrete insulin in response to high levels of gluclose

27
Q

what is the function of alpha cells in islets of langerhans of the pancreas?

A

secrete glucagon in response to low levels of gluclose

28
Q

where can the adrenal glands be found?

A

on top of the kidney’s

29
Q

what are the two parts of the adrenal gland?

A

1) adrenal cortex
2) adrenal medulla

30
Q

what is the adrenal cortex?

A

secretes steroids AKA corticosteroids

31
Q

what are the three diffrent types of steriods that are secreted in the adrenal cortex?

A

1) mineralocorticoids
2) glucocorticoids
3) gondaocorticoids

32
Q

what is the function of the mineralocorticoids ?

A

regulates Na and K levels

33
Q

what is the function of the glucocorticoids ?

A

increases breakdown of fats and protiens to generate blood gluclose

34
Q

what is the function of the Gondocorticoids ?

A

sex hormones which onset peuberty

35
Q

what is the function of the adrenal medulla?

A

secretes epi and norepi

36
Q

what is the gondas galnd ?

A

produce sex hormones
testes- terstoerone
ovaries- estrogen and progesterone

37
Q

what is the purpose of the thymus?

secretion?

A

secretes thymosin which causes T cell of the immune system to mature.

Physiology (13 decks)

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