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Physiology > Exam 3: respiratory system pt.1 > Flashcards

Exam 3: respiratory system pt.1 Flashcards

1
Q

what makes up the upper airways in the respiratory system?

A

nose to phyranx

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2
Q

what makes up the lower airways in the respiratory system?

A

layrnx to lungs

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3
Q

what is the conducting zone?

A

it warms, filters, and humidfies the air due to the mucus secreting cells and ciliated cells which make up the repiratory mucosa

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4
Q

what makes up the conducting portion in order?

L, T, L+R PB, SB, TB, B, TB

A

1) layrnx
2) trachea
3) Left and right primary bronchi
4) secondary bronchi
5) tertiary bronchi
6) brinchioles
7) terminal bronchiole

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5
Q

what is the larynx?

A

the voice box; composed primarily of CARTILAGE to hold the airways open

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6
Q

what does the larynx contain?
V, E, LA

A
  • vocal cords
  • epiglottis
  • largest airway
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7
Q

what is the trachea?

A

windpipe; conatins 15-20 C shaped cartilages

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8
Q

what is the L+R primary bronchi?

A

enter the lungs conatins rings of cartilage

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9
Q

what is the secondary bronchi?

A

these conatin plates of cartilage

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10
Q

what is the tertiary bronchi?

A

these conatin plates of cartilage

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11
Q

what is the bronchioles ?

A

no cartilage; primarily smooth muscle in the wall

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12
Q

where does max constriction and dialtion occur?

A

bronchioles

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13
Q

what is the respiratory zone? (Exchange)?

A

walls are so thin that gases can diffuse across them in all gas exchnage

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14
Q

what are the four forces of pulmonary ventilation?

ATM, IA, IPL, TP

A
  • Atm pressure
  • intra-alveolar (intrapulmonary)
  • intrapleural
  • transpulmonary
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15
Q

what is Atm pressure?

A

760mmHg

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16
Q

what is Intra-alveolar (intrapulmonary) pressure? (The #)

A

at rest is equal to Atm so 760 mmHg somtimes listed as 0 mmHg

17
Q

what is intrapleural pressure?

A

pressure in the fluid filled space between two pleural tissues associated w/ the lung @ rest 756mmHg somtimes listed as 4mmHg

18
Q

what is transpulmonary pressure?

A

the diffrence between IAP and IPP (must be pos)
Palv-Pip

19
Q

what is the mechanic of breathing based on

A

Boyles law

20
Q

what is inspiration?

A

during non forced inspirtation the diaphgram contracts to elongate the chest cavity, external intercostals contract to increase the width of the chest cavity

21
Q

what is the result of inspiration?

Pip> Ptp> Pia> thus Pia

A

Pip (1-2mmHg) drops and Ptp increases (1-2mmHg) and Pia drops (1-2mmHg) thus Pia is 1-2 mmHg below Atm pressure and gas can flow into the alveoli

22
Q

what is the result of expiration?

V> Pia

A

muscles relax there is an elastic recoil which causes volume in the lungs to decrease so as volume decreases Pia increases

23
Q

what cell warms, humdifies, and filters air coming in?

A

goblet cells

24
Q

where does gas exchange occur?

A

respiartory membrane

Physiology (13 decks)

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