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HOE > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

0
Q

Adduction

A

Movement toward the midline

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1
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the midline

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2
Q

Adipose tissue

A

Fat tissue

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3
Q

Amount of blood in human

A

4-6 quarts

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4
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of the structure of an organism

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5
Q

Anterior

A

Before or in front of

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6
Q

Aorta

A

Largest artery in the body, carries blood AWAY from the heart

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7
Q

Aortic valve

A

Flap or cusp located between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta

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8
Q

Apnea

A

Absence of respirations, usually in babies

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9
Q

Artery

A

Blood vessel that carries blood AWAY from the heart

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10
Q

Arteriole

A

Smallest branch of an artery, vessel that connects arteries to capillaries

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11
Q

Biology

A

Study of life

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12
Q

Bradycardia

A

Slow heart rate, under 60 beats per minute

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13
Q

Capillary

A

Tiny blood vessel that connects arterioles and venules, allows for exchange of nutrients and gases between blood and body cells

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14
Q

Cataract

A

Condition in the eye where the lens becomes cloudy, leading to blindness

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15
Q

Centrosome

A

Area of cell cytoplasm that contains two centrioles

Important in reproduction

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16
Q

Cerebellum

A

Section of brain that is dorsal (behind) to pons and medulla oblongata

Maintains balance and equilibrium

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17
Q

Cerebrum

A

Largest section of brain, involved in sensory interpretation and voluntary muscle activity

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18
Q

Cervix in uterus

A

Entrance to or lower part of the uterus

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19
Q

Chromatin

A

contains chromosomes with genes

Carry inherited characteristics

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20
Q

Cilia

A

Hairlike projections

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21
Q

Circulatory/cardiovascular system

A
  • consists of heart, blood, blood vessels
  • function is to transport oxygen and nutrients to body cells
  • transports carbon dioxide and metabolic waste away from body cells
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22
Q

Circumduction

A

Moving in a circle at a joint, or moving one end of body part while other end is stationary

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23
Q

Cochlea

A

Snail-shaped section of the inner ear, contains the organ of Corti for hearing

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24
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Mucous membrane that lines eyelid and covers anterior part of the sclera of the eye

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25
Q

Connective tissue

A

Body tissue that connects, supports, and binds body organs

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26
Q

Contractility

A

Ability to shorten, decrease in size, or draw together

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27
Q

Contracture

A

Tightening or shortening of a muscle

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28
Q

Cornea

A

Transparent section of the sclera, allows light rays to enter the eye

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29
Q

Diaphysis

A

The shaft (middle section) of the bone

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30
Q

Diencephalon

A

Section of brain between the cerebrum and midbrain

Contains thalamus and hypothalamus

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31
Q

Distal

A

Situated away from midline or the attachment (ex: limbs)

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32
Q

Dorsal

A

Pertaining to the back

In back of

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33
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult or labored breathing

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34
Q

Ejaculatory ducts

A

Duct or tube from the seminal vesicle to the urethra in males

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35
Q

Embolus

A

Blood clot or mass or materials circulating in the blood vessels

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36
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A
  • Fine network of tubular structures in cytoplasm of a cell
  • allows the transport of materials in and out of nucleus
  • aids in synthesis and storage of protein
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37
Q

Endosteum

A

Membrane lining the medullary canal of the bone

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38
Q

Epididymis

A

Tightly coiled tube in the scrotal sac

Connects testes with vas or ductus deferens

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39
Q

Epilepsy

A

Chronic disease in nervous system, motor and sensory dysfunction, accompanies by convulsions or unconsciousness

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40
Q

Epiphysis

A

End or head of an extremity of long bone

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41
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Tissue that forms the skin and parts of the secreting glands, lines body cavities

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42
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cell (RBC)

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43
Q

Extension

A

Increasing the angle between two parts, straightening a limb

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44
Q

Fascia

A

Fibrous membrane covering, supporting, and separating muscles

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45
Q

Flexion

A

Decreasing the angle between two parts, bending a limb

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46
Q

Fontanel

A

Area between cranial bones where bones have not fused together (soft spots)

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47
Q

Frontal plane

A

Aka coronal plane

Imaginary line that separates the body into front and back section

48
Q

Function of thrombocytes

A

Clotting blood

49
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Structure in cytoplasm

Produces, stores, packages secretions for discharge from the cell

50
Q

Hard palate

A

Bony structure that form the roof of the mouth

51
Q

Hemiphlegia

A

Paralysis on one side of the body

52
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Iron-containing protein of red blood cells, carries oxygen from lungs to tissues

53
Q

Inferior

A

Below, under

54
Q

Insertion

A

End or area of a muscle that moves when the muscle contracts

55
Q

Involuntary muscles

A

Independent action that’s not controlled (heart beat, blinking)

56
Q

Iris

A

Colored portion of the eye, composed of muscular tissue that regulates the size of the pupil

57
Q

Joints

A

An area where two bones meet or join (articulation)

58
Q

Lateral

A

Pertaining to the side

59
Q

Lens

A

Crystalline structure suspended behind pupil in the eye

Bends light rays onto the retina

60
Q

Leukocyte

A

White blood cells (WBC)

61
Q

Ligament

A

Connects BONE to BONE

62
Q

Lysosomes

A

Structures in the cytoplasm that contain digestive enzymes to digest and destroy old cells, bacteria, and foreign matter

63
Q

Medial

A

Pertaining to the middle or midline

64
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Lower part of the brain stem

Controls vital processes such as respiration and heartbeat

65
Q

Meninges

A

Membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord

66
Q

Midbrain

A

Portion of the brain that connects the pons and cerebellum

Relay enter for impulses

67
Q

Midsagittal plane

A

Imaginary line drawn down middle line of the body to divide it into right and left sides

68
Q

Mitochondria

A

Structures in a cell that provide energy and are involved in the metabolism of the cell

69
Q

Mitral valve

A

Flap or cusp between the left atrium and left ventricle in the heart

70
Q

Muscle tissue

A

Body tissue composed of fibers that produce movement

71
Q

Muscle tone

A

State of partial muscle contraction providing a state of readiness

72
Q

Neuron

A

Nerve cell

73
Q

Nucleolus

A

Spherical body in the nucleus

Important in cell reproduction

74
Q

Organ of Corti

A

Structure in the cochlea of the ear, organ of hearing

75
Q

Organelle

A

Structure in the cytoplasm

Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, lysosomes, and Golgi apparatus

76
Q

Origin

A

End or area of muscle that remains stationary when the muscle contracts

77
Q

Ovary

A

Endocrine gland or gonad that produces hormones and female sex cells (ovum)

78
Q

Pancreas

A

Gland that is dorsal (back) to the stomach

Secretes insulin and digestive juices

79
Q

Paraplegia

A

Paralysis of the lower half of the body

80
Q

Pathophysiology

A

Study of how disease occurs and responses of living organisms to disease processes

81
Q

Perineum

A

Region between the vagina and anus in the female

Region between scrotum and anus in the male

82
Q

Phlebitis

A

Inflammation of the vein

83
Q

Physiology

A

Study of the processes or functions of living organisms

84
Q

Platelet

A

Blood cells that clots the blood

85
Q

Pleura

A

Serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity

86
Q

Pons

A

Portion of brain stem that connects the medulla oblongata and cerebellum to upper portions of the brain

87
Q

Posterior

A

Toward the back, behind

88
Q

Proximal

A

Closest to the point of attachment or area of reference

89
Q

Pulmonary valve

A

Flap or cusp between right ventricle of the heart and the pulmonary artery

90
Q

Pupil

A

Opening or hole in the center of the iris

Allows light to enter the eye

91
Q

Pyrexia

A

Fever

92
Q

Quadriphlegia

A

Paralysis below the neck

Paralysis of arms and legs

93
Q

Red marrow

A

Soft tissue in the epiphyses of long bones

94
Q

Retina

A

Sensory membrane that lines the eye

Immediate instrument of vision

95
Q

Rotation

A

Movement or turning around the central axis

96
Q

Salivary glands

A

Glands of the mouth that produce saliva

Digestive secretion

97
Q

Sclera

A

White outer coat of the eye

98
Q

Scrotum

A

Double pouch containing the testes and epididymis

99
Q

Semicircular canals

A

Structures in the inner ear that are involved in maintaining balance and equilibrium

100
Q

Seminal vesicle

A

One of two saclike structures behind the bladder and connected to vas deferens in males

Secretes thick, sticky fluid for semen

101
Q

Sinus

A

Cavity or air space in the bone

102
Q

Superior

A

Above, on top of

103
Q

Tachycardia

A

Fast, rapid heartbeat (more than 100 beats per minute in an adult)

104
Q

Tendon

A

Connects MUSCLE to BONE

105
Q

Testes

A

Gonads or endocrine glands

Located in scrotum, produce sperm and male hormones

106
Q

Thrombocytes

A

(Aka platelet) blood cell required for clotting of the blood

107
Q

Transverse plane

A

Imaginary line drawn to separate body into a top and bottom half

108
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

Flap or cusp between right atrium and right ventricle in the heart

109
Q

Varicose veins

A

Distended, swollen veins usually in women

110
Q

Vas deferens

A

(Aka ductus deferens) tube that carries sperm and semen from the epididymis to ejaculatory duct

111
Q

Vein

A

Blood vessel that carries blood TO the heart

112
Q

Ventral

A

Pertaining to front, ANTERIOR

113
Q

Ventricle

A

One of two lower chambers of the heart, also cavity in the brain

114
Q

Venule

A

Smallest type of vein

Connects capillaries and veins

115
Q

Vestibule

A

Small cavity at the beginning of a canal

116
Q

Villi

A

Tiny projections from a surface in small intestine

Aid in absorption of nutrients

117
Q

Voluntary muscles

A

You can control them, your choice (arm or leg movement)

118
Q

Yellow marrow

A

Soft tissue in the diaphysis of long bones

HOE (16 decks)

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