Exam 4 Flashcards
0
Q
Adduction
A
Movement toward the midline
1
Q
Abduction
A
Movement away from the midline
2
Q
Adipose tissue
A
Fat tissue
3
Q
Amount of blood in human
A
4-6 quarts
4
Q
Anatomy
A
Study of the structure of an organism
5
Q
Anterior
A
Before or in front of
6
Q
Aorta
A
Largest artery in the body, carries blood AWAY from the heart
7
Q
Aortic valve
A
Flap or cusp located between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta
8
Q
Apnea
A
Absence of respirations, usually in babies
9
Q
Artery
A
Blood vessel that carries blood AWAY from the heart
10
Q
Arteriole
A
Smallest branch of an artery, vessel that connects arteries to capillaries
11
Q
Biology
A
Study of life
12
Q
Bradycardia
A
Slow heart rate, under 60 beats per minute
13
Q
Capillary
A
Tiny blood vessel that connects arterioles and venules, allows for exchange of nutrients and gases between blood and body cells
14
Q
Cataract
A
Condition in the eye where the lens becomes cloudy, leading to blindness
15
Q
Centrosome
A
Area of cell cytoplasm that contains two centrioles
Important in reproduction
16
Q
Cerebellum
A
Section of brain that is dorsal (behind) to pons and medulla oblongata
Maintains balance and equilibrium
17
Q
Cerebrum
A
Largest section of brain, involved in sensory interpretation and voluntary muscle activity
18
Q
Cervix in uterus
A
Entrance to or lower part of the uterus
19
Q
Chromatin
A
contains chromosomes with genes
Carry inherited characteristics
20
Q
Cilia
A
Hairlike projections
21
Q
Circulatory/cardiovascular system
A
- consists of heart, blood, blood vessels
- function is to transport oxygen and nutrients to body cells
- transports carbon dioxide and metabolic waste away from body cells
22
Q
Circumduction
A
Moving in a circle at a joint, or moving one end of body part while other end is stationary
23
Q
Cochlea
A
Snail-shaped section of the inner ear, contains the organ of Corti for hearing
24
Conjunctiva
Mucous membrane that lines eyelid and covers anterior part of the sclera of the eye
25
Connective tissue
Body tissue that connects, supports, and binds body organs
26
Contractility
Ability to shorten, decrease in size, or draw together
27
Contracture
Tightening or shortening of a muscle
28
Cornea
Transparent section of the sclera, allows light rays to enter the eye
29
Diaphysis
The shaft (middle section) of the bone
30
Diencephalon
Section of brain between the cerebrum and midbrain
Contains thalamus and hypothalamus
31
Distal
Situated away from midline or the attachment (ex: limbs)
32
Dorsal
Pertaining to the back
In back of
33
Dyspnea
Difficult or labored breathing
34
Ejaculatory ducts
Duct or tube from the seminal vesicle to the urethra in males
35
Embolus
Blood clot or mass or materials circulating in the blood vessels
36
Endoplasmic reticulum
- Fine network of tubular structures in cytoplasm of a cell
- allows the transport of materials in and out of nucleus
- aids in synthesis and storage of protein
37
Endosteum
Membrane lining the medullary canal of the bone
38
Epididymis
Tightly coiled tube in the scrotal sac
Connects testes with vas or ductus deferens
39
Epilepsy
Chronic disease in nervous system, motor and sensory dysfunction, accompanies by convulsions or unconsciousness
40
Epiphysis
End or head of an extremity of long bone
41
Epithelial tissue
Tissue that forms the skin and parts of the secreting glands, lines body cavities
42
Erythrocytes
Red blood cell (RBC)
43
Extension
Increasing the angle between two parts, straightening a limb
44
Fascia
Fibrous membrane covering, supporting, and separating muscles
45
Flexion
Decreasing the angle between two parts, bending a limb
46
Fontanel
Area between cranial bones where bones have not fused together (soft spots)
47
Frontal plane
Aka coronal plane
Imaginary line that separates the body into front and back section
48
Function of thrombocytes
Clotting blood
49
Golgi apparatus
Structure in cytoplasm
Produces, stores, packages secretions for discharge from the cell
50
Hard palate
Bony structure that form the roof of the mouth
51
Hemiphlegia
Paralysis on one side of the body
52
Hemoglobin
Iron-containing protein of red blood cells, carries oxygen from lungs to tissues
53
Inferior
Below, under
54
Insertion
End or area of a muscle that moves when the muscle contracts
55
Involuntary muscles
Independent action that's not controlled (heart beat, blinking)
56
Iris
Colored portion of the eye, composed of muscular tissue that regulates the size of the pupil
57
Joints
An area where two bones meet or join (articulation)
58
Lateral
Pertaining to the side
59
Lens
Crystalline structure suspended behind pupil in the eye
Bends light rays onto the retina
60
Leukocyte
White blood cells (WBC)
61
Ligament
Connects BONE to BONE
62
Lysosomes
Structures in the cytoplasm that contain digestive enzymes to digest and destroy old cells, bacteria, and foreign matter
63
Medial
Pertaining to the middle or midline
64
Medulla oblongata
Lower part of the brain stem
Controls vital processes such as respiration and heartbeat
65
Meninges
Membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord
66
Midbrain
Portion of the brain that connects the pons and cerebellum
Relay enter for impulses
67
Midsagittal plane
Imaginary line drawn down middle line of the body to divide it into right and left sides
68
Mitochondria
Structures in a cell that provide energy and are involved in the metabolism of the cell
69
Mitral valve
Flap or cusp between the left atrium and left ventricle in the heart
70
Muscle tissue
Body tissue composed of fibers that produce movement
71
Muscle tone
State of partial muscle contraction providing a state of readiness
72
Neuron
Nerve cell
73
Nucleolus
Spherical body in the nucleus
Important in cell reproduction
74
Organ of Corti
Structure in the cochlea of the ear, organ of hearing
75
Organelle
Structure in the cytoplasm
Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, lysosomes, and Golgi apparatus
76
Origin
End or area of muscle that remains stationary when the muscle contracts
77
Ovary
Endocrine gland or gonad that produces hormones and female sex cells (ovum)
78
Pancreas
Gland that is dorsal (back) to the stomach
Secretes insulin and digestive juices
79
Paraplegia
Paralysis of the lower half of the body
80
Pathophysiology
Study of how disease occurs and responses of living organisms to disease processes
81
Perineum
Region between the vagina and anus in the female
Region between scrotum and anus in the male
82
Phlebitis
Inflammation of the vein
83
Physiology
Study of the processes or functions of living organisms
84
Platelet
Blood cells that clots the blood
85
Pleura
Serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity
86
Pons
Portion of brain stem that connects the medulla oblongata and cerebellum to upper portions of the brain
87
Posterior
Toward the back, behind
88
Proximal
Closest to the point of attachment or area of reference
89
Pulmonary valve
Flap or cusp between right ventricle of the heart and the pulmonary artery
90
Pupil
Opening or hole in the center of the iris
Allows light to enter the eye
91
Pyrexia
Fever
92
Quadriphlegia
Paralysis below the neck
Paralysis of arms and legs
93
Red marrow
Soft tissue in the epiphyses of long bones
94
Retina
Sensory membrane that lines the eye
Immediate instrument of vision
95
Rotation
Movement or turning around the central axis
96
Salivary glands
Glands of the mouth that produce saliva
Digestive secretion
97
Sclera
White outer coat of the eye
98
Scrotum
Double pouch containing the testes and epididymis
99
Semicircular canals
Structures in the inner ear that are involved in maintaining balance and equilibrium
100
Seminal vesicle
One of two saclike structures behind the bladder and connected to vas deferens in males
Secretes thick, sticky fluid for semen
101
Sinus
Cavity or air space in the bone
102
Superior
Above, on top of
103
Tachycardia
Fast, rapid heartbeat (more than 100 beats per minute in an adult)
104
Tendon
Connects MUSCLE to BONE
105
Testes
Gonads or endocrine glands
Located in scrotum, produce sperm and male hormones
106
Thrombocytes
(Aka platelet) blood cell required for clotting of the blood
107
Transverse plane
Imaginary line drawn to separate body into a top and bottom half
108
Tricuspid valve
Flap or cusp between right atrium and right ventricle in the heart
109
Varicose veins
Distended, swollen veins usually in women
110
Vas deferens
(Aka ductus deferens) tube that carries sperm and semen from the epididymis to ejaculatory duct
111
Vein
Blood vessel that carries blood TO the heart
112
Ventral
Pertaining to front, ANTERIOR
113
Ventricle
One of two lower chambers of the heart, also cavity in the brain
114
Venule
Smallest type of vein
Connects capillaries and veins
115
Vestibule
Small cavity at the beginning of a canal
116
Villi
Tiny projections from a surface in small intestine
Aid in absorption of nutrients
117
Voluntary muscles
You can control them, your choice (arm or leg movement)
118
Yellow marrow
Soft tissue in the diaphysis of long bones
