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Biomedical Terminology > Exam 3 Week 7 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Week 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Galactorrhea

A

The excessive flow of milk

galacto- = milk, -rrhea = flowing

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2
Q

galactostasis

A

Failure to release milk at appropriate times

galacto- = milk; -status = not moving

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3
Q

galactose and lactose

A

The two major sugars in milk

lacto- = milk, -ose = sugar

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4
Q

lactation

A

process of milk production

lacto- = milk,-ation = process

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5
Q

Aqueous Humor

A

Clear watery fluid in front chamber of eye

Aqua = Water

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6
Q

Biliary

A

Relating to bile production and excretion

Bili- = Bile

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7
Q

Bilirubin

A

Pigment produced by the liver processing red blood cell breakdown products

(Bili- = Bile)

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8
Q

Cholecystitis

A

Inflammation of the gall bladder

Chole- = Bile

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9
Q

Cholelith

A

Gall stone

Chole- = Bile

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10
Q

Chylomicron

A

Fat globule transported in blood or lymphatic fluid (turbid white or yellow “juice”)

(Chylo- = Juice)

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11
Q

Chylothorax

A

Accumulation of chyle (lymphatic fluid) in the chest

Chylo- = Juice

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12
Q

Coprophagous

A

Feeding on excrement

Copro- = Dung

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13
Q

Coprophagy

A

Habit of eating excrement

Copro- = Dung; -phagy = eating

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14
Q

Dacryoadenitis

A

Inflammation of tear gland

Dacryo- = Tear

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15
Q

Eleotherapy

A

Treatment internally or externally with oil

Eleo- = Oil; -therapy = treatment

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16
Q

Fecal

A

Referral to digestive waste

Feces = Refuse

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17
Q

Fecalith

A

A firm mass of digestive waste

Feces = Refuse

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18
Q

Flux

A

Discharge of large quantity of fluid from the body

Flux = To flow

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19
Q

Galactorrhea

A

Flow of milk

Galacto- = Milk

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20
Q

Galactose

A

A milk sugar

Galacto- = Milk; -ose = sugar

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21
Q

Cholecystagogue

A

Agent that causes gall bladder contraction

Gog-, -gogue = To make flow, leader

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22
Q

Hemocyte

A

Blood cell in invertebrates

Hemo-, Hema-, Hem- = Blood; -cyte =cell

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23
Q

Hemolysis

A

Breaking up of red blood cells

Hemo-, Hema-, Hem- = Blood

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24
Q

Hidrosis

A

Sweating

Hidro- = Sweat

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25
Q

Hidradenitis

A

Inflammation of sweat glands

Hidro- = Sweat; -aden- = gland; -itis = inflammation

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26
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Accumulation of fluid in brain

Hydro-, Hydra- = Water

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27
Q

Hygroma

A

Cystic swelling containing watery fluid

Hygro- = Moisture

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28
Q

Hygroscopic

A

Retaining moisture

Hygro- = Moisture

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29
Q

Lactose

A

Milk sugar

Lacto- = Milk; -ose = sugar

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30
Q

Lactation

A

Process of producing milk

Lacto- = Milk; -ation = process

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31
Q

Lymphocyte

A

Primary cell in lymph (watery circulating body fluid)

Lympho- = Clear water; -cyte = cell

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32
Q

Lymphedema

A

Swelling of tissue due to obstruction of lymph channels

Lympho- = Clear water

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33
Q

Mucous

A

Related to a slimy substance

Muco- = Free slime

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34
Q

Mucosa

A

A mucous membrane

Muco- = Free slime

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35
Q

Myxedema

A

A firm swelling caused by accumulating slimy material between cells (mucopolysaccharides)

(Myxo- = Slimy; -edema = swelling)

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36
Q

Myxomatosis

A

Disease of rabbits caused by pox virus characterized by tumors of slimy material

(Myxo- = Slimy)

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37
Q

Plasmacytoma

A

Tumor of plasma cells, producer of plasma (clotting protein-containing fluid of blood)

(Plasma = Moldable (After clotting); -toma = tumor)

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38
Q

Plasmin

A

Enzyme in plasma that digests clots

(Myxo- = Slimy

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39
Q

Pyoderma

A

Skin disease causing pus in skin

Pyo- = Pus; -derma = skin

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40
Q

Pyometra

A

Pus collecting in the uterus

Pyo- = Pus

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41
Q

Rhinorrhea

A

Runny nose

-rrhea = Flow

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42
Q

Diarrhea

A

Frequent and excessive evacuation of watery feces

-rrhea = Flow

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43
Q

Sanguineous

A

Relating to loss of blood

Sangui- = blood

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44
Q

Serum

A

Resulting fluid of blood after a clot forms

Serum = Whey

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45
Q

Serosanguineous

A

A fluid with aspects of both serum and blood caused by a disease

(Serum = Whey)

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46
Q

Sialocele

A

Cyst containing saliva (also called a ranula)

Sialo- = Saliva

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47
Q

Sialoadenitis

A

Inflammation of a salivary gland

Sialo- = Saliva; -aden- = gland; -itis = inflammation

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48
Q

Sputum

A

Spit

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49
Q

Stercorous

A

Relating to excrement

Sterco- = Dung

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50
Q

Sudoriferous

A

Producing sweat

Sudor = Sweat

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51
Q

Acetabulum

A

Wine glass-like socket of the hip joint

Acet- = Vinegar, Sour wine

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52
Q

Acetaminophen

A

Pain reliever that contains an acetyl group, related to acetic acid (vinegar)

(Acet- = Vinegar, Sour wine)

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53
Q

Adipose

A

Fat tissue

Adipo- = Fat

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54
Q

Albuminuria

A

Protein in urine related to egg white protein

Albumen = Egg white; -uria = urine

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55
Q

Amygdaloid

A

Almond-shaped group of nerve cells in primitive part of the brain

(Amygdale = Almond)

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56
Q

Amyloid

A

A protein combined with a starch

Amylo- = Starch

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57
Q

Amylase

A

enzyme that breaks down starch

Amylo- = Starch; -ase = enzyme

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58
Q

Casein

A

Milk protein found in cheese

Caseus = Cheese

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59
Q

Caseous

A

Dying tissue that begins to look like cheese (common with tuberculosis)

(Caseus = Cheese)

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60
Q

Creatine

A

Compound formed for energy storage in muscle

Creat- = Meat, Flesh

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61
Q

Creatinine

A

Waste product of protein metabolism excreted in urine

Creat- = Meat, Flesh

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62
Q

Farinaceous

A

Consisting of starch

Farina = Flour, Meal

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63
Q

Glycogen

A

Sugar molecules linked together

Glyco- = Sweet

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64
Q

Glycogenolytic

A

Something that breaks up the sugar links in glycogen

Glyco- = Sweet

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65
Q

Hordeolum

A

Barleycorn-like swelling of the upper eyelid caused by a plugged eyelid gland (called a sty)

(Hordeolum = Barley corn)

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66
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

Excessive potassium in the blood

Kalium = Ash, Potassium; hyper = excessive

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67
Q

Hypokalemia

A

Insufficient potassium in the blood

Kalium = Ash, Potassium; hypo = lacking

68
Q

Lecithin

A

A nutrient (phospholipid) from egg yolk (also found in the protective lining of nerves, myelin)

(Lecitho- = Egg yolk)

69
Q

Lipoma

A

tumor of fat tissue

Lipo- = Fat, -oma = tumor

70
Q

Liposuction

A

removal of excess fat by a needle and suction

Lipo- = Fat

71
Q

Hypernatremia

A

Excess sodium in blood

Natrium = Sodium; hyper = Excess

72
Q

Natriuresis

A

Loss of sodium in urine

Natrium = Sodium

73
Q

Nutrient

A

Food for the body

Nutri- = Nourish

74
Q

Nutritious

A

Providing energy and building substances for the body

Nutri- = Nourish

75
Q

Phagocyte

A

A cell that engulfs (eats) invaders or debris to be removed from the body

(Phago- = Eat; -cyte = cell)

76
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty in eating

Phago- = Eat

77
Q

Pica

A

Desire to eat things that are unfit for food

Pica = Magpie

78
Q

Pimelorthopnea

A

Too fat to breathe laying down

Pimelo- = Lard

79
Q

Placental

A

Referring to the large flat membranes that nourish young in the uterus

(Placenta = Flat cake)

80
Q

Proteolytic

A

Something that breaks down proteins

Proteo- = Protein

81
Q

Saccharine

A

Relating to sweetness

Saccharo- = Sugar

82
Q

Sebaceous

A

Relating to an oily/fatty secretion of skin oil glands

Sebum = Solidified fat, Grease

83
Q

Seborrhea

A

skin disease characterized by excessive oiliness

Sebum = Solidified fat, Grease

84
Q

Siderocyte

A

Red blood cell containing granules of free iron

Sidero- = Iron; -cyte = cell

85
Q

Steatitis

A

Inflammation of fat

Steato- = Fat; -itis = inflammation

86
Q

Steatorrhea

A

Greasy, watery feces

(When the pancreas is diseased and does not produce lipase, bowel movements are passed that appear greasy with undigested fat. This sign of disease is called steatorrhea)

(Steato- = Fat; -rrhea = flowing)

87
Q

Synovial

A

Referring to an egg white surface of joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae

(Synovia = Egg white)

88
Q

Synovitis

A

inflammation of synovial membranes

Synovia = Egg white; -itis = inflammation

89
Q

Tyrosine

A

Amino acid from cheese, breakdown product of casein

Tyro- = Cheese

90
Q

Tyrophagus

A

Species of mites, name means “cheese eater”

Tyro- = Cheese

91
Q

Vitelline

A

Pertaining to the yolk of eggs or an embryo’s yolk

Vitellus = Egg yolk

92
Q

Enzyme

A

Any protein that catalyzes chemical reactions without being destroyed or altered (as in yeast fermenting starches)

(-zyme = yeast)

93
Q

Analgesia

A

Blocking pain perception without altering consciousness

Algos, -algia = pain

94
Q

Neuralgia

A

Pain from nerve fibers

Algos, -algia = pain

95
Q

Proctalgia

A

Pain from anus or rectum

Algos, -algia = pain

96
Q

Angina

A

A spasmotic, choking type of pain

(Angina pectoris is a pain from lack of blood to the heart muscle)

(Angere = Sore throat)

97
Q

Dolorimetry

A

Measurement of pain

Dolor- = Pain; -metry = measure

98
Q

Colic

A

Acute abdominal pain

Kolikos = Pain in abdomen

99
Q

Nociceptor

A

Pain receptor of nerves

Noci-, Nocere = Hurt, Pain

100
Q

Pleurodynia

A

Pain from the muscles between ribs

-Odynia = Pain

101
Q

Mastodynia

A

Pain in the breast

-Odynia = Pain

102
Q

Ponograph

A

Instrument to measure pain in contracting muscle

Pono- = Fatigue, Pain

103
Q

NSAIDs

A

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

104
Q

arthritis

A

inflammation in joints

arthr- = joint, -itis = inflammation

105
Q

arthralgia

A

pain in joints

arthr- = joint; -algia = pain

106
Q

myalgia

A

muscle pain

myo- = muscle; -algia = pain

107
Q

inflammation

A

redness and swelling with heat and pain

108
Q

pancreas

A

digestive organ without a hollow center (“all meat”) near the stomach and upper small intestine

pan- = all; -creas = meat, muscle)

109
Q

lipase

A

produced to facilitate digestion of dietary fat.

lipo- = fat; -ase = enzyme, breakdown

110
Q

lipolysis

A

Failure to absorb fat from the digestive system leads to the mobilization of stored body fat (lipolysis)

(lysis = breaking up)

111
Q

Anesthesia

A

lack of sensation or feeling

(Blocking the ability of a patient to feel, which is useful for performing surgery. Anesthesia can be to a part of the body, local anesthesia, or to the entire body, general anesthesia)

(esthesia- = sensation, feeling)

112
Q

Hyperesthesia

A

An abnormal increase in sensitivity or feeling

esthesia- = sensation, feeling

113
Q

Excoriation

A

Scratches or abrasions of the skin

Excoriae = to flay

114
Q

libido

A

sexual desire

libido = sexual desire

115
Q

Misogyny

A

Hatred of woman

Miso- = Hatred

116
Q

Nausea

A

Feeling of sickness in stomach leading to vomiting

nausia = seasickness

117
Q

Palliative

A

Affording relief but not a cure

(Palliative care = The treatments given to patients with incurable cancer are intended to soothe the patient and mask signs of disease)

(Palliat- = cloak, soothe)

118
Q

Photophobia

A

Sensitive to (afraid of) light

Phobos = Fear

119
Q

Hydrophobia

A

Fear of water (this has been considered a sign of rabies)

Phobos = Fear

120
Q

Placebo

A

An inactive (dummy, control) medical treatment

(Placebo effect = a perceived beneficial effect caused by expectations of a treatment rather than the treatment itself, as much as 30% of humans treated may report a benefit from sugar pills or sterile water if they think the treatment is medication instead of a placebo)

(Placebo = to please)

121
Q

Satiety

A

Full gratification of appetite or thirst

Satiety = Sufficiency

122
Q

dysthymia

A

depression

-thymia = Mind, Emotions

123
Q

Androgen

A

A substance that promotes masculinization

Andro- = Man

124
Q

Anthropomorphism

A

Attributing human form or characteristics to non-human’s

Anthropo- = Man

125
Q

Anthropology

A

Study of the origins of humans

Anthropo- = Man; -ology = study of

126
Q

Atavism

A

Acquiring a genetic trait from a remote ancestor

Atavus = grandfather

127
Q

Endemic

A

A disease prevalent to a particular location

(When a disease is native to a place,)

(-demic = people)

128
Q

Epidemic

A

A rapidly spreading disease of humans in the same area, at the same time (an animal epidemic is an epizootic)

(when a disease affects multiple people at the same time.)

(-demic = people)

129
Q

Pandemic

A

World-wide human disease outbreak

-demic = people

130
Q

Gamete

A

A sperm or ova

Gameto- = Husband and Wife

131
Q

Gametogenesis

A

Production of a sperm or ova

Gameto- = Husband and Wife; -genesis = production

132
Q

Genetics

A

Study of heredity

Genos = Family, Offspring

133
Q

Genodermatosis

A

Genetic origin (inherited) skin disease

Genos = Family, Offspring

134
Q

Gynecology

A

Study of diseases of the woman’s genital tract

Gynec- = Woman; -ology = Study of

135
Q

Gynecomastia

A

Woman-like development of breast tissue in a man

(Gynec- = Woman

136
Q

Parthenogenesis

A

Virgin born, not resulting from a mating

Parthenos = Virgin

137
Q

Phylum

A

A primary division in the animal kingdom

Phylon = Tribe

138
Q

Presbyopia

A

Aging change in eye accommodation, far-sighted

Presby- = Old man

139
Q

Puberty

A

Time of adult sex characteristics and reproduction

Pubertas = Adult Sexual Characteristics

140
Q

Puerperal

A

Pertaining to the mother of a newborn

Puer = Child

141
Q

Allokinesis

A

Involuntary movement (reflex or passive)

Allo- = Other

142
Q

Allograft

A

Transplant with donor of the same species, but a different genetic makeup

(Allo- = Other)

143
Q

Allele

A

One of a matched pair of genes at like locations on a chromosome with the same function

(Allelo- = Like each other)

144
Q

Allelotaxis

A

Development of an organ from tissues of different origin (example- adrenal gland)

(Allelo- = Like each other)

145
Q

Anomaly

A

Deviation from the normal

Anomalo- = Irregular, Not ordinary

146
Q

Anomalous

A

Deviating from a general rule

Anomalo- = Irregular, Not ordinary

147
Q

Autogenous

A

Originating from the same individual that receives it (a tissue graft or a vaccine)

(Auto- = Self)

148
Q

Autoimmune

A

The immune system become sensitized against its own tissue

Auto- = Self

149
Q

Idiopathic

A

Relating to an illness of unknown cause

Idio- = Self produced

150
Q

Idiosyncracy

A

A structural or behavioral characteristic peculiar to an individual

(Idio- = Self produced)

151
Q

Nomenclature

A

A classification of names

Nomen- = Name

152
Q

Proprioception

A

Sensing stimuli (position or movement) from one’s own body

Proprio- = Self

153
Q

Comatose

A

Unconsciousness when patient cannot be aroused - with no response to stimuli (worse than stuporous)

(Coma = Deep sleep)

154
Q

Hypnosis

A

Sleep-like condition with heightened suggestibility

Hypno- = Sleep

155
Q

Hypnotic

A

inducing sleep

Hypno- = Sleep

156
Q

Carotid

A

Principal artery of the neck (compression of both carotids causes a loss of consciousness)

(Karotis = Sleep)

157
Q

Narcosis

A

Reversible depression and insensitivity

Narco- = Numbness, Stupor

158
Q

Narcotic

A

An agent that reduces pain, alters mood and behavior, and usually induces sleep or stupor

(Narco- = Numbness, Stupor)

159
Q

REM

A

rapid eye movement ; period of sleep when dreams occur

160
Q

Somnolence

A

Excessive drowsiness or sleepiness

Somni- = Sleep

161
Q

Soporific

A

Causing profound sleep

Sopor- = Deep Sleep

162
Q

Stupor

A

reduced or suspended sensibility, numbness

Stupere = Stunned

163
Q

nosocomial

A

infections are those acquired in a hospital

164
Q

iatrogenic diseases

A

diseases caused by a physician

165
Q

concussion

A

A blow to the head can cause mild brain injury called a concussion (Lt- concussus = to strike together) or severe brain injury. Either can produce symptoms that are similar to sleepiness or sleep.

166
Q

Obtunded

A

decreased alertness and interest in surroundings, slowed responses

167
Q

Stuporous

A

sleep-like but not unconscious, responds to stimuli (worse than obtunded)

Biomedical Terminology (13 decks)

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