Exam 2 Week 5 Flashcards
diaphragm
the large, flat muscle that separates the chest cavity from the belly cavity and aids breathing.
(diaphragm = partition)
phrenic nerve
the nerve that stimulates the diaphragm
Phrenic = mind
Chorion
Outside (skin) of the placenta
Chorion = skin
Choroid
Brown vascular (blood filled) part of eye between the sclera and retina
(Choroid = skin-like)
Chorioretinitis
Inflammation of the retina and its vascular bed (its blood supply)
(Choroid = skin-like; -itis = inflammation)
Thrombocyte
Blood platelet cell
Cyto-, -cyte = cell
Cytogenetics
Chromosome analysis of cells
Cyto-, -cyte = cell
Diaphragm
Muscular, fibrous wall between chest and abdomen (It assists in breathing)
(Diaphragm = Partition)
Hymen
Membrane partially obstructing the entrance to the vagina in virgins
(Hymen = Membrane)
Hymenoptera
Membrane winged insects (Bees and wasps)
Hymen = Membrane
Sarcolemma
Membranous sheath of muscle
-lemma = Husk, confining membrane
Mediastinum
Partition between right and left sides of chest (Heart lays here)
(Mediastinum = Partition)
Membrane
Thin pliable sheet of tissue
Membrana = Thin skin
Membranous
Pertaining to a thin pliable sheet of tissue
Membrana = Thin skin
Meninges
3 membranes encasing the brain and spinal cord
Mening-, Meningo- = Membrane
Meningitis
Inflammation of the lining membranes of the brain and spinal cord
(Mening-, Meningo- = Membrane; -itis = inflammation)
Meningoencephalitis
Inflammation of brain tissue and its lining membranes
Mening-, Meningo- = Membrane; -itis = inflammation
Parietal
Bone that forms most of the skull wall
Paries = Wall
Emphraxis
A stoppage or obstruction
-phrax = A stoppage or obstruction
Pyknosis
Condensation of a cell’s nucleus (A phase in cell death)
Pykno- = Thick, Dense
Septum
Dividing wall or partition in the nasal passages
Septum = Partition
Septal
Pertaining to a partition
Septum = Partition
Stroma
Supporting tissue for an organ
Stroma = Supporting tissue
metamorphosis
The developmental cycle of insects involves radical changes in shape: egg, larvae, pupae, and adult.
(Meta- = “change”; -morphosis = “shape”)
neonate
A newborn baby is a neonate (“newly born”)
Nato- = birth
prenatal exam
An exam of a pregnant mother is a prenatal exam (“before birthing” exam).
(Nato- = birth)
gravid ticks
Tick that become large with engorged blood are females producing thousands of eggs.
Some gravid ticks are able to produce a toxin (poison) that causes paralysis, i.e. tick paralysis.
(gravid = pregnant)
Geriatric
Referring to the elderly
Geron = Old man
Gerontology
Study of diseases of the elderly
Geron = Old man; -ology = study of
Neonatal
First month after birth (humans)
Nato- = Birth
Prenatal
Occurring before birth
Nato- = Birth; pre- = before
Senility
Mental deterioration in old age
Senilo- = Old
Pediatrics
Branch of medicine dealing with children until adolescence
Pedo- = Child; -atrics = to treat
Paleopathology
Study of disease in prehistoric times
Paleo- = Old; -pathology = Study of disease
Pseudocyesis
False pregnancy
-cyesis = pregnancy; pseudo = false
Embryo
Developing baby, after long axis is present until major structures (recognizable feet) appear
(Embryon = Embryo)
Fetus
Developing baby after major structures (feet) are recognizable
(Feto- = Fetus)
Gestation
Time of fertilization until birth
Gestare = to bear
Gravid
Pregnant, full of fertilized eggs
Gravidus = pregnant
Primigravid
First pregnancy
Gravidus = pregnant; primi = first
Obstetrics
Branch of medicine dealing with woman from fertilization to recovery from childbirth
(Obstetro- = Midwife)
Obstetrician
Specialist in pregnancy and its recovery period
Obstetro- = Midwife
Primapara
First pregnancy
-para, -parous = to bring forth; prima = first
Multiparous
Releasing more than one egg at a time
-para, -parous = to bring forth; multi = many
Parturition
Act of giving birth
-partum = birth
Post-partum
After giving birth
-partum = birth
Sterility
Inability to produce offspring
Sterilo- = Barren
Teratoma
A tumor that contains cells from all 3 embryonic layers
Teras, Teratos = monster; -toma = tumor
Teratogenic
Producing monsters (anomalies)
Teras, Teratos = monster
Oxytocin
Hormone that causes contraction of the uterus and letdown of milk
(Toco = Birth)
Tocolysis
Stopping the birth process
Toco = Birth; -lysis = stop
Uteropexy
Tying down a moveable uterus
Uterus = womb
Uterotomy
Caesarian section, cutting open of the uterus (to retrieve a baby)
(Uterus = womb)
Amoeba
Protozoa (one celled animal) that readily changes shape
Amoiba = change
Diverticulum
A pouch off of a hollow organ like the intestines
Divertere = Diverge, change directions
Metamorphosis
A developmental change in body form as in frogs and insects
Meta- = Change, After
Metaplasia
Transformation of one type of tissue into another type
Meta- = Change, After
Thyrotropic
Stimulating the thyroid gland
Tropos = turn on; Thyro = Thyroid
Mammotropic
Stimulating the mammary gland
Meta- = Change, After; mammo = mammary
embryonic
relating to an embryo
Embryon = Embryo
euthanasia
Death without pain and suffering
(-eu = “good”; thanatos = “death”).
autopsy
when a human cadaver (Lt. “dead body”) is dissected to find a cause for death, the procedure is called an autopsy
(loosely meaning investigating the cause of death in your own species)
(Gr. auto = “self”;’ opsis = “inspection”),
necropsy
Dissection of an animal cadaver to find a cause for death is called
(“inspection of the dead”; Gr. necro- = “dead”).
Oncology
the study of tumors
Gr. onco- = “tumor”; -ology = “study of
cancer
meaning having finger like projections into surrounding tissue, i.e. malignant tumors)
Tumors
localized swelling
benign
Tumor that has no deliberate harm
malignant
Tumors having an intent to harm
neoplasms
Tumors caused by excessive cell growth
Gr. neo- = “new”; -plasm = “formed”
Apoptosis
Programmed normal death of cells
apoptosis = falling off
cadaver
dead body
Caries
Decay of teeth (or bone)
Caries = dry rot
Gangrene
Death and decay of body tissue, usually from lack of blood supply
(Gangraina = Gnawing)
Mortality
Death rate
Morto- = death
Necrosis
Death of cells from injury or disease
Necro- = Dead
Necropsy
Examination and dissection of an animals body to determine the cause of death (in humans, this is called an autopsy)
(Necro- = Dead)
Saprophyte
An organism (bacteria or fungus) that lives on or in dead or decaying organic matter
(Sapros = Putrid)
Septic
Relating to disease-causing organisms
Sepsis = Putrefaction
Septicemia
Disease-causing organisms in the bloodstream (blood poisoning)
(Sepsis = Putrefaction)
Sequestrum
A fragment of dead tissue displaced from its origin and healthy tissue (usually a bone fragment from an injury)
(Sequestrum = to put aside)
Diabetic tabes
Wasting from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes)
(Tabes = wasting)
Taphophilia
Love of funerals or graves
Tapho- = Grave; -philia = love
Taphophobia
Fear of graveyards
Tapho- = Grave; -phobia = fear
Azotemia
An excess of protein waste products (urea) in the bloodstream from kidney failure (literally no life in bloodstream)
(Zoe = Life)
Neonatal
Newly born
Neo- = New
Neoplasm
New (uncontrolled) growth (cancer)
Neo- = New
Oncology
Study of tumors
Onco- = growth, tumor; -ology = study of
Diaphysis
Shaft of a long bone
-physis = growth
Epiphysis
End of a long bone
-physis = growth
Hypophysis
Lower growth (pituitary gland that grows off the base of the brain) (Master hormone gland)
(-physis = growth)
Neoplasm
new growth, newly formed
-plasm = formed; neo = new
Cytoplasm
The contents of a cell outside the nucleus
-plasm = formed; cyto- = cell
Spore
A single cell reproductive body that is highly resistant to damage by drying and heat
(Sporo- = seed)
Viviparous
Giving birth to live offspring (not eggs in shells)
Vivi- = Life; -parous = giving birth
Vivisection
Cutting into live animals
Vivi- = Life
