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Biomedical Terminology > Exam 2 Week 5 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

diaphragm

A

the large, flat muscle that separates the chest cavity from the belly cavity and aids breathing.

(diaphragm = partition)

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2
Q

phrenic nerve

A

the nerve that stimulates the diaphragm

Phrenic = mind

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3
Q

Chorion

A

Outside (skin) of the placenta

Chorion = skin

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4
Q

Choroid

A

Brown vascular (blood filled) part of eye between the sclera and retina

(Choroid = skin-like)

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5
Q

Chorioretinitis

A

Inflammation of the retina and its vascular bed (its blood supply)

(Choroid = skin-like; -itis = inflammation)

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6
Q

Thrombocyte

A

Blood platelet cell

Cyto-, -cyte = cell

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7
Q

Cytogenetics

A

Chromosome analysis of cells

Cyto-, -cyte = cell

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8
Q

Diaphragm

A

Muscular, fibrous wall between chest and abdomen (It assists in breathing)

(Diaphragm = Partition)

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9
Q

Hymen

A

Membrane partially obstructing the entrance to the vagina in virgins

(Hymen = Membrane)

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10
Q

Hymenoptera

A

Membrane winged insects (Bees and wasps)

Hymen = Membrane

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11
Q

Sarcolemma

A

Membranous sheath of muscle

-lemma = Husk, confining membrane

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12
Q

Mediastinum

A

Partition between right and left sides of chest (Heart lays here)

(Mediastinum = Partition)

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13
Q

Membrane

A

Thin pliable sheet of tissue

Membrana = Thin skin

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14
Q

Membranous

A

Pertaining to a thin pliable sheet of tissue

Membrana = Thin skin

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15
Q

Meninges

A

3 membranes encasing the brain and spinal cord

Mening-, Meningo- = Membrane

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16
Q

Meningitis

A

Inflammation of the lining membranes of the brain and spinal cord

(Mening-, Meningo- = Membrane; -itis = inflammation)

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17
Q

Meningoencephalitis

A

Inflammation of brain tissue and its lining membranes

Mening-, Meningo- = Membrane; -itis = inflammation

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18
Q

Parietal

A

Bone that forms most of the skull wall

Paries = Wall

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19
Q

Emphraxis

A

A stoppage or obstruction

-phrax = A stoppage or obstruction

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20
Q

Pyknosis

A

Condensation of a cell’s nucleus (A phase in cell death)

Pykno- = Thick, Dense

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21
Q

Septum

A

Dividing wall or partition in the nasal passages

Septum = Partition

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22
Q

Septal

A

Pertaining to a partition

Septum = Partition

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23
Q

Stroma

A

Supporting tissue for an organ

Stroma = Supporting tissue

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24
Q

metamorphosis

A

The developmental cycle of insects involves radical changes in shape: egg, larvae, pupae, and adult.

(Meta- = “change”; -morphosis = “shape”)

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25
Q

neonate

A

A newborn baby is a neonate (“newly born”)

Nato- = birth

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26
Q

prenatal exam

A

An exam of a pregnant mother is a prenatal exam (“before birthing” exam).

(Nato- = birth)

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27
Q

gravid ticks

A

Tick that become large with engorged blood are females producing thousands of eggs.

Some gravid ticks are able to produce a toxin (poison) that causes paralysis, i.e. tick paralysis.

(gravid = pregnant)

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28
Q

Geriatric

A

Referring to the elderly

Geron = Old man

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29
Q

Gerontology

A

Study of diseases of the elderly

Geron = Old man; -ology = study of

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30
Q

Neonatal

A

First month after birth (humans)

Nato- = Birth

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31
Q

Prenatal

A

Occurring before birth

Nato- = Birth; pre- = before

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32
Q

Senility

A

Mental deterioration in old age

Senilo- = Old

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33
Q

Pediatrics

A

Branch of medicine dealing with children until adolescence

Pedo- = Child; -atrics = to treat

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34
Q

Paleopathology

A

Study of disease in prehistoric times

Paleo- = Old; -pathology = Study of disease

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35
Q

Pseudocyesis

A

False pregnancy

-cyesis = pregnancy; pseudo = false

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36
Q

Embryo

A

Developing baby, after long axis is present until major structures (recognizable feet) appear

(Embryon = Embryo)

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37
Q

Fetus

A

Developing baby after major structures (feet) are recognizable

(Feto- = Fetus)

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38
Q

Gestation

A

Time of fertilization until birth

Gestare = to bear

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39
Q

Gravid

A

Pregnant, full of fertilized eggs

Gravidus = pregnant

40
Q

Primigravid

A

First pregnancy

Gravidus = pregnant; primi = first

41
Q

Obstetrics

A

Branch of medicine dealing with woman from fertilization to recovery from childbirth

(Obstetro- = Midwife)

42
Q

Obstetrician

A

Specialist in pregnancy and its recovery period

Obstetro- = Midwife

43
Q

Primapara

A

First pregnancy

-para, -parous = to bring forth; prima = first

44
Q

Multiparous

A

Releasing more than one egg at a time

-para, -parous = to bring forth; multi = many

45
Q

Parturition

A

Act of giving birth

-partum = birth

46
Q

Post-partum

A

After giving birth

-partum = birth

47
Q

Sterility

A

Inability to produce offspring

Sterilo- = Barren

48
Q

Teratoma

A

A tumor that contains cells from all 3 embryonic layers

Teras, Teratos = monster; -toma = tumor

49
Q

Teratogenic

A

Producing monsters (anomalies)

Teras, Teratos = monster

50
Q

Oxytocin

A

Hormone that causes contraction of the uterus and letdown of milk

(Toco = Birth)

51
Q

Tocolysis

A

Stopping the birth process

Toco = Birth; -lysis = stop

52
Q

Uteropexy

A

Tying down a moveable uterus

Uterus = womb

53
Q

Uterotomy

A

Caesarian section, cutting open of the uterus (to retrieve a baby)

(Uterus = womb)

54
Q

Amoeba

A

Protozoa (one celled animal) that readily changes shape

Amoiba = change

55
Q

Diverticulum

A

A pouch off of a hollow organ like the intestines

Divertere = Diverge, change directions

56
Q

Metamorphosis

A

A developmental change in body form as in frogs and insects

Meta- = Change, After

57
Q

Metaplasia

A

Transformation of one type of tissue into another type

Meta- = Change, After

58
Q

Thyrotropic

A

Stimulating the thyroid gland

Tropos = turn on; Thyro = Thyroid

59
Q

Mammotropic

A

Stimulating the mammary gland

Meta- = Change, After; mammo = mammary

60
Q

embryonic

A

relating to an embryo

Embryon = Embryo

61
Q

euthanasia

A

Death without pain and suffering

(-eu = “good”; thanatos = “death”).

62
Q

autopsy

A

when a human cadaver (Lt. “dead body”) is dissected to find a cause for death, the procedure is called an autopsy

(loosely meaning investigating the cause of death in your own species)

(Gr. auto = “self”;’ opsis = “inspection”),

63
Q

necropsy

A

Dissection of an animal cadaver to find a cause for death is called

(“inspection of the dead”; Gr. necro- = “dead”).

64
Q

Oncology

A

the study of tumors

Gr. onco- = “tumor”; -ology = “study of

65
Q

cancer

A

meaning having finger like projections into surrounding tissue, i.e. malignant tumors)

66
Q

Tumors

A

localized swelling

67
Q

benign

A

Tumor that has no deliberate harm

68
Q

malignant

A

Tumors having an intent to harm

69
Q

neoplasms

A

Tumors caused by excessive cell growth

Gr. neo- = “new”; -plasm = “formed”

70
Q

Apoptosis

A

Programmed normal death of cells

apoptosis = falling off

71
Q

cadaver

A

dead body

72
Q

Caries

A

Decay of teeth (or bone)

Caries = dry rot

73
Q

Gangrene

A

Death and decay of body tissue, usually from lack of blood supply

(Gangraina = Gnawing)

74
Q

Mortality

A

Death rate

Morto- = death

75
Q

Necrosis

A

Death of cells from injury or disease

Necro- = Dead

76
Q

Necropsy

A

Examination and dissection of an animals body to determine the cause of death (in humans, this is called an autopsy)

(Necro- = Dead)

77
Q

Saprophyte

A

An organism (bacteria or fungus) that lives on or in dead or decaying organic matter

(Sapros = Putrid)

78
Q

Septic

A

Relating to disease-causing organisms

Sepsis = Putrefaction

79
Q

Septicemia

A

Disease-causing organisms in the bloodstream (blood poisoning)

(Sepsis = Putrefaction)

80
Q

Sequestrum

A

A fragment of dead tissue displaced from its origin and healthy tissue (usually a bone fragment from an injury)

(Sequestrum = to put aside)

81
Q

Diabetic tabes

A

Wasting from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes)

(Tabes = wasting)

82
Q

Taphophilia

A

Love of funerals or graves

Tapho- = Grave; -philia = love

83
Q

Taphophobia

A

Fear of graveyards

Tapho- = Grave; -phobia = fear

84
Q

Azotemia

A

An excess of protein waste products (urea) in the bloodstream from kidney failure (literally no life in bloodstream)

(Zoe = Life)

85
Q

Neonatal

A

Newly born

Neo- = New

86
Q

Neoplasm

A

New (uncontrolled) growth (cancer)

Neo- = New

87
Q

Oncology

A

Study of tumors

Onco- = growth, tumor; -ology = study of

88
Q

Diaphysis

A

Shaft of a long bone

-physis = growth

89
Q

Epiphysis

A

End of a long bone

-physis = growth

90
Q

Hypophysis

A

Lower growth (pituitary gland that grows off the base of the brain) (Master hormone gland)

(-physis = growth)

91
Q

Neoplasm

A

new growth, newly formed

-plasm = formed; neo = new

92
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The contents of a cell outside the nucleus

-plasm = formed; cyto- = cell

93
Q

Spore

A

A single cell reproductive body that is highly resistant to damage by drying and heat

(Sporo- = seed)

94
Q

Viviparous

A

Giving birth to live offspring (not eggs in shells)

Vivi- = Life; -parous = giving birth

95
Q

Vivisection

A

Cutting into live animals

Vivi- = Life

Biomedical Terminology (13 decks)

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