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Biomedical Terminology > Exam 3 Week 6 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Exacerbate

A

Make worse

Acerbus = Harsh

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2
Q

Pellagra

A

Roughened skin caused by the deficiency of niacin (a B-vitamin)

(-agra = Rough)

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3
Q

Immunoassay

A

Test that uses antibodies to detect a substance

Immuno- = Protection, Free

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4
Q

Immunodeficiency

A

A lack of body defense against foreign invaders

Immuno- = Protection, Free; -deficiency= lack

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5
Q

Impetigo

A

Contagious spreading bacterial disease of the skin, usually affecting the young

(Impetere = To attack)

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6
Q

Ischemia

A

Suppressed blood flow

Ischein = To suppress

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7
Q

Coloboma

A

Defect in the development of a portion of the iris

Koloboun = Mutilation

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8
Q

Prophylactic

A

Defense against threat of disease or pregnancy

-phylaxis = Guard, Protect

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9
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Systemic reaction and shock due to excess immunity

-phylaxis = Guard, Protect

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10
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Paralysis on one side of body

-plegia = Paralysis; Hemi= half

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11
Q

Paraplegia

A

Paralysis of lower (or hind) limbs

-plegia = Paralysis

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12
Q

Rabies

A

Fatal viral disease that often causes rage

Rabere = Rage

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13
Q

Syncope

A

An act of fainting, usually caused by interruption of pulse or low blood sugar concentration

(Syncope = Fainting)

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14
Q

Toxic

A

Poisonous

Toxico- = Poison) (Originally an arrow poison

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15
Q

Toxicology

A

Study of poisons

Toxico- = Poison;-ology = study of

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16
Q

Antitoxin

A

Antibody against a poison

Toxico- = Poison

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17
Q

Traumatic

A

The result of injury

Trauma- = Injury

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18
Q

Virulent

A

Pertaining to exceedingly disease producing

Virus = Poison

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19
Q

Abortion

A

A failure of gestation

Abortio = To fail, Miscarry

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20
Q

Agonist

A

An activator or mover

Agon- = To act or move

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21
Q

Antagonist

A

Action that can nullify another action

Antagon- = An opponent

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22
Q

Cachexia

A

General ill health and malnutrition

Cacos = Bad, evil

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23
Q

Bactericide

A

Agent that destroys bacteria

-cide = Agent that kills

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24
Q

Pesticide

A

Agent that destroys insects

-cide = Agent that kills

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25
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty in swallowing

Dys- = Difficult, Faulty

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26
Q

Dysentery

A

An infectious, inflammatory condition of the lower intestinal tract with faulty absorption and severe diarrhea

(Dys- = Difficult, Faulty)

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27
Q

Dystocia

A

Birthing difficulty

Dys- = Difficult, Faulty; -tocia = birthing

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28
Q

Eutocia

A

Normal birthing

Eu- = Good, normal; -tocia = birthing

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29
Q

Euthanasia

A

Quiet, painless death

Eu- = Good, normal

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30
Q

Invalid

A

Incapacitated by chronic illness or injury

In-, Im-, Il-, Ir- = Negative

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31
Q

Irreducible

A

Incapable of being replaced in normal position

In-, Im-, Il-, Ir- = Negative

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32
Q

Malformation

A

Incorrect development

Mal- = Bad

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33
Q

Malabsorption

A

Poor transport (absorption) across the intestinal wall

Mal- = Bad

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34
Q

Mogiarthria

A

Difficult joint action due to incoordination

Mogi- = Difficult

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35
Q

Pseudoarthrosis

A

False joint resulting from faulty fracture healing

Pseudo- = False

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36
Q

Contralateral

A

Opposite side of the body

Contra- = Opposite; -lateral = side

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37
Q

Contraception

A

Preventing (opposite of-) pregnancy

Contra- = Opposite

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38
Q

Heterochromia

A

Different colored (irises)

Hetero- = Other, different; -chromia = color

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39
Q

Heterophilic

A

An immune stimulus that causes antibody formation against related stimuli (antigens)

(Hetero- = Other, different)

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40
Q

Homeopathy

A

Practice of treating disease with small amounts of a drug that in large amounts cause the same symptoms of the disease

(Homeo- = Likeness, Same as)

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41
Q

Homeostasis

A

State of being the same as normal

Homeo- = Likeness, Same as

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42
Q

Homologous

A

Corresponding in structure, location, or origin

Homo- = Same

43
Q

Homophobic

A

Prejudiced against homosexuals (fear of the same gender)

Homo- = Same; -phobia = fear

44
Q

Homo sapien

A

“Same as us” who are wise

Homo- = Same

45
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Same side of the body

Ipsi- = Same, self; -lateral = side

46
Q

Sympathomimetic

A

Causing similar effects to the sympathetic nerves

-mimetic = imitation

47
Q

Normocalcemia

A

The normal serum level of calcium

Normo- = Normal, the rule; -calcemia = calcium

48
Q

Paliesthesia

A

Ability to feel vibrations (used to test hearing)

Pali- = Recurrence, Again

49
Q

Palianesthesia

A

Inable to feel vibrations

Pali- = Recurrence, Again

50
Q

Tautomenial

A

Pertaining to the same menstrual period

Tauto- = Identical

51
Q

Tendon

A

Tough fibrous band that connects a muscle to a bone

52
Q

sesamoid bones

A

Those types of tendons have small bones in them to take the wear and tear of movement over a bone rather than the tendon being worn out. These tendon bones in your fingers are as small as sesame seeds.

However, all the bones in tendons are called sesamoid bones, regardless of their size.

53
Q

patella

A

kneecap

The largest sesamoid bone in the body is the kneecap. The kneecap is shaped like a small shallow disk.

54
Q

Ampulla

A

Sac-like dilation of a canal or duct

Ampulla = Flask, Jug

55
Q

Ampule

A

Small sealed glass of fluid for injection

Ampulla = Flask, Jug

56
Q

Ascites

A

Accumulation of excessive fluid in the abdominal cavity

Ascos = Bag

57
Q

Bursa

A

A fibrous sac between tendon and bone or tendon and ligaments lined by a synovial membrane and containing synovial fluid

(Bursa = Skin bag of wine)

58
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of a bursa

Bursa = Skin bag of wine; -itis = inflammation

59
Q

Calyces

A

Cup-like collection area for urine in inner part of the kidneys

(Calyx = Cup of a flower)

60
Q

Capsule

A

A fibrous sheath that encloses an organ

Capsula = Small box

61
Q

Capsulotomy

A

Cutting into a capsule (of the lens of the eye)

Capsula = Small box; -otomy = cutting into

62
Q

Cisterna Magna

A

Large area of cerebrospinal fluid collection between the cerebellum and the medulla

(Cisterna = Reservoir)

63
Q

Cremaster muscle

A

Muscle which helps suspend the testicles and can pull them toward the abdomen

(Cremaster = Hanging basket)

64
Q

Follicle

A

An invagination of the skin’s surface that generates hair shafts; also a cavity in the ovaries that nourishes an egg (ovum)

(Folliculus = Small leather bag)

65
Q

Patella

A

Kneecap, shallow dish-shaped sesamoid bone

Patella = Shallow dish

66
Q

Pelvis

A

A basin shaped group of bones that form the hip

Pelvis = Basin

67
Q

Pyelonephritis

A

Inflammation of the kidney with an accumulation of pus in the kidney ‘basin’, i.e. calyces

(Pyelo- = Basin; -itis = inflammation)

68
Q

Pyelography

A

Injection of a dye for x-ray exam of the kidney calyces

Pyelo- = Basin

69
Q

Saccule

A

A small pouch or cavity

Sac = Small bag

70
Q

Sacculation

A

Act of forming small cavities

Sac = Small bag; -ation = process

71
Q

Thecal

A

Referring to a sheath or case (often refers to tissue case for ovarian follicle)

(Theca = Receptacle, Sheath)

72
Q

Vas deferens

A

Canal for semen going away from testes

Vas-, Vaso- = Canal for fluid

73
Q

Vascular

A

Pertaining to blood vessels

Vas-, Vaso- = Canal for fluid

74
Q

Coitus

A

Sexual connection between male and female

Coito = Meeting

75
Q

Commissure

A

Site of union of corresponding parts (example: corners of the mouth or corners of the eyelid)

(Com-, Con- = With, together)

76
Q

Concentric

A

Having a common center (various sized overlapping rings with same center)

(like rings on a tree trunk)

(Com-, Con- = With, together)

77
Q

Endocrine

A

Secreting blood-borne messages to other organs

Crinein, -crit = to separate

78
Q

Hematocrit

A

Percentage of blood components in relation to total volume of a blood sample that has been separated by centrifugation (spinning)

(Crinein, -crit = to separate)

79
Q

Desmoid

A

Fibrous, like a ligament

Desmo- = Binding (Ligament); -oid = resembling

80
Q

Desmorrhexis

A

Rupture of a ligament

Desmo- = Binding (Ligament)

81
Q

Enantiobiosis

A

Two organisms that live together but antagonize each other’s development

(Enanti- = Opposite)

82
Q

Fissure

A

A deep cleft

Fiss- = Split

83
Q

Fission

A

Asexual reproduction when a cell divides into daughter cells

Fiss- = Split

84
Q

Centrifuge

A

Fleeing the center

-fuge = Flee

85
Q

Hapten

A

A substance that fastens to a small protein to form a complex that can trigger an allergic reaction

(Haptein = To fasten)

86
Q

Ligature

A

String, rubber band, or wire for surgical tying

Liga- = To tie

87
Q

Ligament

A

A sheet or band of tough, fibrous tissue connecting bones at a joint or supporting in organ

(Liga- = To tie)

88
Q

Centripetal

A

Seeking the center

-petal = to seek

89
Q

Gastropexy

A

Fastening the stomach to the abdominal wall

-pexy = Fastening; Gastric = Stomach

90
Q

Hysteropexy

A

Fastening the uterus to the abdominal wall or vagina

-pexy = Fastening

91
Q

Schistosomiasis

A

A blood fluke parasite, the male has a groove down the length of his body to hold the female when mating

(Schisto- = Split)

92
Q

Schistocyte

A

Sliced red blood cell

Schisto- = Split; -cyte = cell

93
Q

Schizophrenia

A

Split personality

Schizo- = Divided

94
Q

Schizonychia

A

Splitting of fingernails or toenails

Schizo- = Divided

95
Q

Anal sphincter

A

Ring-like muscle that constricts the anus

Sphincter = tightly bound

96
Q

Urethral sphincter

A

Ring-like muscle that constricts the urethra (urine canal)

Sphincter = tightly bound

97
Q

Systole

A

Contraction of the heart chambers

Sy-, Sym-, Syn- = Together

98
Q

Symphysis

A

Immovable joint united by plate of fibrocartilage

Sy-, Sym-, Syn- = Together

99
Q

Synapse

A

The junction of a nerve ending and another nerve or muscle or gland

(Sy-, Sym-, Syn- = Together)

100
Q

Valgus

A

Bent or twisted outward

Valgus = Bow-legged

101
Q

Varus

A

Bent or twisted inward

Varus = Knock-kneed

102
Q

Xenodiagnosis

A

Use of lab animals to diagnose a parasitic disease

Xeno- Strange, Foreign

103
Q

Xenograft

A

Transplant of tissue from one species to another

Xeno- Strange, Foreign

104
Q

centrifugal

A

moving or tending to move away from a center.

Biomedical Terminology (13 decks)

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