Exam 3 Week 6 Flashcards
Exacerbate
Make worse
Acerbus = Harsh
Pellagra
Roughened skin caused by the deficiency of niacin (a B-vitamin)
(-agra = Rough)
Immunoassay
Test that uses antibodies to detect a substance
Immuno- = Protection, Free
Immunodeficiency
A lack of body defense against foreign invaders
Immuno- = Protection, Free; -deficiency= lack
Impetigo
Contagious spreading bacterial disease of the skin, usually affecting the young
(Impetere = To attack)
Ischemia
Suppressed blood flow
Ischein = To suppress
Coloboma
Defect in the development of a portion of the iris
Koloboun = Mutilation
Prophylactic
Defense against threat of disease or pregnancy
-phylaxis = Guard, Protect
Anaphylaxis
Systemic reaction and shock due to excess immunity
-phylaxis = Guard, Protect
Hemiplegia
Paralysis on one side of body
-plegia = Paralysis; Hemi= half
Paraplegia
Paralysis of lower (or hind) limbs
-plegia = Paralysis
Rabies
Fatal viral disease that often causes rage
Rabere = Rage
Syncope
An act of fainting, usually caused by interruption of pulse or low blood sugar concentration
(Syncope = Fainting)
Toxic
Poisonous
Toxico- = Poison) (Originally an arrow poison
Toxicology
Study of poisons
Toxico- = Poison;-ology = study of
Antitoxin
Antibody against a poison
Toxico- = Poison
Traumatic
The result of injury
Trauma- = Injury
Virulent
Pertaining to exceedingly disease producing
Virus = Poison
Abortion
A failure of gestation
Abortio = To fail, Miscarry
Agonist
An activator or mover
Agon- = To act or move
Antagonist
Action that can nullify another action
Antagon- = An opponent
Cachexia
General ill health and malnutrition
Cacos = Bad, evil
Bactericide
Agent that destroys bacteria
-cide = Agent that kills
Pesticide
Agent that destroys insects
-cide = Agent that kills
Dysphagia
Difficulty in swallowing
Dys- = Difficult, Faulty
Dysentery
An infectious, inflammatory condition of the lower intestinal tract with faulty absorption and severe diarrhea
(Dys- = Difficult, Faulty)
Dystocia
Birthing difficulty
Dys- = Difficult, Faulty; -tocia = birthing
Eutocia
Normal birthing
Eu- = Good, normal; -tocia = birthing
Euthanasia
Quiet, painless death
Eu- = Good, normal
Invalid
Incapacitated by chronic illness or injury
In-, Im-, Il-, Ir- = Negative
Irreducible
Incapable of being replaced in normal position
In-, Im-, Il-, Ir- = Negative
Malformation
Incorrect development
Mal- = Bad
Malabsorption
Poor transport (absorption) across the intestinal wall
Mal- = Bad
Mogiarthria
Difficult joint action due to incoordination
Mogi- = Difficult
Pseudoarthrosis
False joint resulting from faulty fracture healing
Pseudo- = False
Contralateral
Opposite side of the body
Contra- = Opposite; -lateral = side
Contraception
Preventing (opposite of-) pregnancy
Contra- = Opposite
Heterochromia
Different colored (irises)
Hetero- = Other, different; -chromia = color
Heterophilic
An immune stimulus that causes antibody formation against related stimuli (antigens)
(Hetero- = Other, different)
Homeopathy
Practice of treating disease with small amounts of a drug that in large amounts cause the same symptoms of the disease
(Homeo- = Likeness, Same as)
Homeostasis
State of being the same as normal
Homeo- = Likeness, Same as
Homologous
Corresponding in structure, location, or origin
Homo- = Same
Homophobic
Prejudiced against homosexuals (fear of the same gender)
Homo- = Same; -phobia = fear
Homo sapien
“Same as us” who are wise
Homo- = Same
Ipsilateral
Same side of the body
Ipsi- = Same, self; -lateral = side
Sympathomimetic
Causing similar effects to the sympathetic nerves
-mimetic = imitation
Normocalcemia
The normal serum level of calcium
Normo- = Normal, the rule; -calcemia = calcium
Paliesthesia
Ability to feel vibrations (used to test hearing)
Pali- = Recurrence, Again
Palianesthesia
Inable to feel vibrations
Pali- = Recurrence, Again
Tautomenial
Pertaining to the same menstrual period
Tauto- = Identical
Tendon
Tough fibrous band that connects a muscle to a bone
sesamoid bones
Those types of tendons have small bones in them to take the wear and tear of movement over a bone rather than the tendon being worn out. These tendon bones in your fingers are as small as sesame seeds.
However, all the bones in tendons are called sesamoid bones, regardless of their size.
patella
kneecap
The largest sesamoid bone in the body is the kneecap. The kneecap is shaped like a small shallow disk.
Ampulla
Sac-like dilation of a canal or duct
Ampulla = Flask, Jug
Ampule
Small sealed glass of fluid for injection
Ampulla = Flask, Jug
Ascites
Accumulation of excessive fluid in the abdominal cavity
Ascos = Bag
Bursa
A fibrous sac between tendon and bone or tendon and ligaments lined by a synovial membrane and containing synovial fluid
(Bursa = Skin bag of wine)
Bursitis
Inflammation of a bursa
Bursa = Skin bag of wine; -itis = inflammation
Calyces
Cup-like collection area for urine in inner part of the kidneys
(Calyx = Cup of a flower)
Capsule
A fibrous sheath that encloses an organ
Capsula = Small box
Capsulotomy
Cutting into a capsule (of the lens of the eye)
Capsula = Small box; -otomy = cutting into
Cisterna Magna
Large area of cerebrospinal fluid collection between the cerebellum and the medulla
(Cisterna = Reservoir)
Cremaster muscle
Muscle which helps suspend the testicles and can pull them toward the abdomen
(Cremaster = Hanging basket)
Follicle
An invagination of the skin’s surface that generates hair shafts; also a cavity in the ovaries that nourishes an egg (ovum)
(Folliculus = Small leather bag)
Patella
Kneecap, shallow dish-shaped sesamoid bone
Patella = Shallow dish
Pelvis
A basin shaped group of bones that form the hip
Pelvis = Basin
Pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the kidney with an accumulation of pus in the kidney ‘basin’, i.e. calyces
(Pyelo- = Basin; -itis = inflammation)
Pyelography
Injection of a dye for x-ray exam of the kidney calyces
Pyelo- = Basin
Saccule
A small pouch or cavity
Sac = Small bag
Sacculation
Act of forming small cavities
Sac = Small bag; -ation = process
Thecal
Referring to a sheath or case (often refers to tissue case for ovarian follicle)
(Theca = Receptacle, Sheath)
Vas deferens
Canal for semen going away from testes
Vas-, Vaso- = Canal for fluid
Vascular
Pertaining to blood vessels
Vas-, Vaso- = Canal for fluid
Coitus
Sexual connection between male and female
Coito = Meeting
Commissure
Site of union of corresponding parts (example: corners of the mouth or corners of the eyelid)
(Com-, Con- = With, together)
Concentric
Having a common center (various sized overlapping rings with same center)
(like rings on a tree trunk)
(Com-, Con- = With, together)
Endocrine
Secreting blood-borne messages to other organs
Crinein, -crit = to separate
Hematocrit
Percentage of blood components in relation to total volume of a blood sample that has been separated by centrifugation (spinning)
(Crinein, -crit = to separate)
Desmoid
Fibrous, like a ligament
Desmo- = Binding (Ligament); -oid = resembling
Desmorrhexis
Rupture of a ligament
Desmo- = Binding (Ligament)
Enantiobiosis
Two organisms that live together but antagonize each other’s development
(Enanti- = Opposite)
Fissure
A deep cleft
Fiss- = Split
Fission
Asexual reproduction when a cell divides into daughter cells
Fiss- = Split
Centrifuge
Fleeing the center
-fuge = Flee
Hapten
A substance that fastens to a small protein to form a complex that can trigger an allergic reaction
(Haptein = To fasten)
Ligature
String, rubber band, or wire for surgical tying
Liga- = To tie
Ligament
A sheet or band of tough, fibrous tissue connecting bones at a joint or supporting in organ
(Liga- = To tie)
Centripetal
Seeking the center
-petal = to seek
Gastropexy
Fastening the stomach to the abdominal wall
-pexy = Fastening; Gastric = Stomach
Hysteropexy
Fastening the uterus to the abdominal wall or vagina
-pexy = Fastening
Schistosomiasis
A blood fluke parasite, the male has a groove down the length of his body to hold the female when mating
(Schisto- = Split)
Schistocyte
Sliced red blood cell
Schisto- = Split; -cyte = cell
Schizophrenia
Split personality
Schizo- = Divided
Schizonychia
Splitting of fingernails or toenails
Schizo- = Divided
Anal sphincter
Ring-like muscle that constricts the anus
Sphincter = tightly bound
Urethral sphincter
Ring-like muscle that constricts the urethra (urine canal)
Sphincter = tightly bound
Systole
Contraction of the heart chambers
Sy-, Sym-, Syn- = Together
Symphysis
Immovable joint united by plate of fibrocartilage
Sy-, Sym-, Syn- = Together
Synapse
The junction of a nerve ending and another nerve or muscle or gland
(Sy-, Sym-, Syn- = Together)
Valgus
Bent or twisted outward
Valgus = Bow-legged
Varus
Bent or twisted inward
Varus = Knock-kneed
Xenodiagnosis
Use of lab animals to diagnose a parasitic disease
Xeno- Strange, Foreign
Xenograft
Transplant of tissue from one species to another
Xeno- Strange, Foreign
centrifugal
moving or tending to move away from a center.
