Exam 3 Study Guide Flashcards
What does soma mean?
Body
What do all somatic symptom and related disorders involve?
Prominence of somatic symptoms associated with significant distress or impairment
What is it called when individuals have physical symptoms without a specific cause?
Somatic
What is hysterical neurosis?
because of anxiety the have physical symptoms (used to be conversion disorder)
What is the DSM-5 Criteria for Somatic disorders?
A.) One or more somatic symptoms that are distressing or result in significant disruption to daily life
B.) Excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors related to the somatic symptoms or associated with health concerns as manifested by at least one of the following
-Disproportionate and persistent thoughts about the seriousness of one’s symptoms
-persistently high level of anxiety about health or symptoms
-Excessive time and energy devoted to these symptoms or health concerns
c.) Although any one somatic symptom may not be continuously present, the state of being symptomatic is persistent (at least 6 months)
What is somatic symptom disordeR?
usually experience multiple somatic symptoms that are distressing and/or disrupt their daily lives
Why do people with somatic symptoms usually receive this diagnosis?
because often times they have been to many clinics and have not gotten the diagnoses they wanted
What are the 3 disorders combined from the DSM-4?
1.) Hypochondriasis
2.) Somatization disorder
3.) Pain disorder
Which gender is more likely to develop somatic symptom disorder?
women
What is comorbidity for somatic disorders?
Anxiety and Substance abuse disorders, sometimes with depression
What did researchers find with the DSM-4 disorders?
Did not have good validity or reliability
What is illness anxiety disorder?
Individuals are preoccupied with either having or contracting a serious disease and experience high levels of anxiety about their health
What is the DSM-5 criteria for illness anxiety disorder?
A.) Preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness
B.) Somatic symptoms are not present or, if present, are only mild in intensity, if another medical condition is present or there is a high risk for developing a medical condition, the preoccupation is clearly excessive or disproportionate
C.) There is a high level of anxiety about health, and the individual is easily alarmed about personal health status
D.) the individual performs excessive health-related behaviors or exhibits maladaptive avoidance
-Ex; avoiding doctors appt.
E.) Illness preoccupation has been present for at least 6 months, but the specific illness that is feared may change over that period of time
F.) The illness-related preoccupation is not better explained by another mental disorder
What is conversion disorder (functional neurological symptom disorder)?
Symptoms or deficits in sensory or motor behavior that cannot be explained by known medical condition
What are the symptoms of Conversion disorder (functional neurological symptom disorder)?
Symptoms or deficits in sensory or motor behavior that cannot be explained by known medical condition
-Partial paralysis
-Blindness
-Deafness
-Pseudoseizures
What is the DSM-5 Criteria of conversion disorder (functional neurological symptom disorder)?
A.) One or more symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory function
B.) Clinical findings provide evidence of incompatibility between the symptom recognized neurological or medical conditions
C.) The symptom or deficit is not better explained by another medical condition or mental disorder
D.) The symptom or deficit causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning
In the DSM-4 criteria for conversion disorder there was a criteria included called “la belle indifference” what is this criteria?
patient appears to be unbothered by a serious medical condition or its symptoms
What are the categories of symptoms for conversion disorder?
1.) Sensory (loss of sight, smell, taste)
2.) Motor (paralyzed can’t speak)
3.) Seizure (pesudoseizure)
4.) Mixed
What are the risk factors of conversion disorder?
1.) Early abuse or trauma
2.) Lower SES (Socio economic status)
3.) Lower education
What is a pseudo seizure?
They wouldn’t drop like a normal seizure, it is not faking though they are not consciously aware of what is happening)
What is the cognitive explanation for somatic disorders?
1.) excessive attention on bodily symptoms
2.) misinterpretation of symptoms
3.) Overmagnification
What is the behavioral explanation for somatic disorders?
Modeling and/or reinforcement
What are treatments for somatic disorders?
1.) Symptom focused CBT (help the individual to deal with the symptoms where they will quit having to act in abnormal behaviors)
2.) Antidepressants (not first line of treatments–SSRI’s)
3.) 3 Prong approach for conversion disorder
What is the 3 prong approach for conversion disorder?
1.) Withdraw medication and social attention
2.) Physical/occupational therapy
3.) Psychotherapy to help with stress
What is malingering?
Intentionally producing or grossly exaggerating physical symptoms to gain external incentives
Clear benefit
What is factitious disorder?
intentionally faking psychological or physical symptoms (or both), but with no external incentives like with malingering
Unclear external benefit
What are the reasons people participate in factitious disorder?
Benefits of playing the sick role (internal)
Or the attention they receive from the sick role
What is Munchausen’s disorder?
Factitious disorder that is imposed on another (most of the time it is a parent or a child)
What is the DSM-5 Criteria for Munchausen’s (factitious)
A.) falsification of physical or psychological signs or symptoms, or induction of injury or disease, associated with identified deception
B.) The individual presents himself or herself to others as ill, impaired or injured
C.) The deceptive behavior is evident even in the absence of obvious external rewards
D.) The behavior is not better explained by another mental disorder, such as delusional disorder or another psychotic disorder
What is dissociation?
Human minds ability to engage in mental activity cut off from conscious awareness
What is depersonalization?
individual has a feeling of detachment from themselves, experiences themselves as strange or foreign
What are the 5 dissociative experiences?
1.) Depersonalization
2.) Derealization
3.) Amnesia
4.) Identity confusion
5.) Identity alteration
What is derealization?
feeling of unfamiliarity or unreality to your environment
What is amnesia?
lose the ability to remember certain things that happened, almost always autobiographical
What is identity confusion?
Really unsure of their own values, beliefs
What is identity alteration?
individuals show overt behaviors that seem to indicate another identity
Can normal non-diagnosed people experience dissociate symptoms?
Yes, they could even be symptoms of other disorders