Chapter Notes

Question 1

What is somatization?

Answer 1

tendency to communicate distress through physical symptoms and to pursue medical help for these symptoms

Question 2

Do some people with somatic symptom disorder report of serious pain>

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

What is a key part of somatic disorder?

Answer 3

A person feels great anxiety about the symptom or ones health

Question 4

What are some therapies designed to treat somatic symptom disorder?

Answer 4

besides social exposure not much exists

Question 5

What is phantom pain?

Answer 5

when a person continues to experience pain in a limb even though that limb is no longer there

Question 6

What is functional somatization?

Answer 6

Medically unexplained symptoms not part of another mental disorder

Question 7

what is presenting somatization?

Answer 7

presented as part of another mental disorder, especially anxiety or depression

Question 8

What is illness anxiety disorder?

Answer 8

excessive preoccupation with fear of having a disease

Question 9

What disorder can illness anxiety disorder be linked to?

Answer 9

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Question 10

What is a difference in description of symptoms between somatic and illness disorder?

Answer 10

People with illness disorder complain about their symptoms in detail

Question 11

What is autosuggestibility?

Answer 11

Reading or hearing about an illness can lead to fear of having that disease

Question 12

What are pseudo seizures in the chapter?

Answer 12

seizure like activity such as twitching or loss of consciousness without electrical disruptions in the brain actually occurring

Question 13

What stressors generally trigger conversion disorder?

Answer 13

psychological not physical

Question 14

What is la belle indifference?

Answer 14

relatively unconcerned about their symptoms (may indicate other psychological factors are at play like dramatic or attention seeking behaviors)

Question 15

What is Münchausen syndrome?

Answer 15

person causes symptoms and claims they have a physical or mental disorder

Question 16

What is malingering alternatively to factitious disorder?

Answer 16

Condition that may be focus of clinical attention

Question 17

where do many people with somatic symptom disorder remain?

Answer 17

medical system not mental health system so data is sparse

Question 18

What are the most common medically unexplained symptoms across cultures?

Answer 18

1.) Gastrointestinal problems
2.) Strange skin sensations

Question 19

What are somatic symptom disorders closely related to?

Answer 19

depression and anxiety

Question 20

What do somatic symptom and illness anxiety disorders have features similar to?

Answer 20

Panic, generalized anxiety, and OCD

Question 21

What do somatic symptom disorders often overlap with?

Answer 21

Panic disorders

Question 22

What may delay treatment among people with depression and somatization?

Answer 22

fear of stigma

Question 23

What two disorders were once thought to be linked but are now separate?

Answer 23

Somatic symptom and dissociative disorders

Question 24

What differs across cultures and are closely related to depression, anxiety, and personality disorders?

Answer 24

medically unexplained symptoms

Question 25

What is common among medical patients and then what is not?

Answer 25

Somatiation but not formal somatic symptom disorders

Question 26

What is the heritability estimate for somatic symptom disorder?

Answer 26

.44

Question 27

What is the heritability estimate for illness anxiety disorder?

Answer 27

.54-.69

Question 28

What aspects of somatic symptom disorders have a genetic basis?

Answer 28

anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, depression, and ability to understand emotions

Question 29

Do somatic symptom disorders cluster among family members especially females and parents and children?

Answer 29

yes

Question 30

What is a biological risk factor with somatic symptom disorders?

Answer 30

brain changes (emotion, perception, and physical feelings)

Question 31

What areas of the brain may be overactive in patients with somatic symptom disorder?

Answer 31

amygdala, limbic system, hypothalamus, cingulate, prefrontal, and somatosensory cortices

Question 32

What would an overactive amygdala explain?

Answer 32

people with somatic symptom disorders experience many physical changes and concern about the changes

Question 33

Do people with somatic symptom disorder feel the compulsion for checking?

Answer 33

yes

Question 34

What does illness behavior refer to?

Answer 34

What one does when sick

Question 35

Can negative and positive reinforcement be a factor in illness disorder?

Answer 35

yes through sympathy and withdrawing from obligations

Question 36

Is reassurance an effective anxiety reducer in long term?

Answer 36

No

Question 37

what do therapists use to assess people with somatic symptom disordeR?

Answer 37

interviews and questionnaires

Question 38

What do interviews and questionnaires focus on?

Answer 38

diagnostic criteria, history of symptoms, illness behaviors and beliefs, personality patterns, and other relevant topics

Question 39

What are psychological treatments for people with somatic symptom disorder?

Answer 39

cognitive behavioral strategies,

Question 40

What does normal dissociation refer to?

Answer 40

separation of emotions, thoughts, memories, or inner experiences from oneself

Question 41

What are biological risk factors for dissociative disorders?

Answer 41

key brain changes in areas most responsible for memory and conscious integration

Question 42

What do memory changes in people with dissociative disorders often involve?

Answer 42

compartmentalization of personal material and failure to retrieve information

Question 43

What remains linked but the causal relationship is unclear>

Answer 43

trauma and dissociation

Question 44

what do neurodevelopmental models of dissociative disorders concentrate on?

Answer 44

how young, maltreated children fail to develop a unified sense of self

Question 45

What do interviews that assess people with dissociative disorders often cover?

Answer 45

recent and past stressors and the presence of amnesia

Question 46

What do questionnaires screen for?

Answer 46

dissociative symptoms