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Developmental Psychology > Exam 3 Review Sheet > Flashcards

Exam 3 Review Sheet Flashcards

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1
Q

intelligence

A

thinking or adaptive behavior

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2
Q

Psychometric approach. What is it also known as?

A
  • focused on measurement of intelligence

- also known as trait theory

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3
Q

spearmen theory

A

2 factor theory that focused on general and specific mental ability

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4
Q

Define fluid intelligence. What are some examples? What age group is it more applicable to?

A
  • actively solving problems
  • verbal analogies & geometric figures
  • younger adults (like us)
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5
Q

Define crystallized intelligence. What are some examples? What age group is it more applicable to?

A
  • knowledge acquired through experience
  • general info, word comprehension, numeric abilities
  • adults (like professor)
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6
Q

flynn effect

A

IQ scores increased 3-4 points per decade since 20th century seen in adolescents

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7
Q

lanugage

A

communication system of sounds, letters, gestures combined upon rules

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8
Q

prosody

A

how sounds are produced.

melody of speech, such as tone

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9
Q

Define tip of the tongue experience. What age group is more applicable?

A
  • when something is on your mind but can’t get it out

- common in adults

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10
Q

Define holophrases. Who uses them?

A
  • single word sentences

- seen in infants

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11
Q

biological sex

A

physical characteristics that define male and female

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12
Q

gender

A

features society deems “appropriate” for men or women

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13
Q

gender roles

A

patterns of behavior for males and females expected by society

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14
Q

gender role norms

A

what males and females “should” be like

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15
Q

gender role stereotype

A

overgeneralizations of what females and males are like

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16
Q

Define telegraphic speech. Who uses it?

A
  • early combination of a couple of words into sentences like telegrams
  • infant
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17
Q

What are the 3 parts of the Bayley scale of development? What age group does it measure? What was the finding?

A
  • motor, mental, behavioral record scale
  • 1-42 mo yo
  • low correlation between DQ and IQ
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18
Q

savant syndrome

A

extraordinary talent in intellectually disabled person

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19
Q

giftedness

A

IQ at least 130

20
Q

personality (4)

A

unique combination of attributes, motives, values, behaviors that makeup an individual

21
Q

The big 5 model of personality. What are the 5 personality traits? What characterizes them? (3)

A
  1. neuroticism - emotional stability
  2. extraversion - drawing energy from others
  3. openness to experience - adventurous
  4. agreeableness - willingness to get along
  5. conscientiousness - cognizant of other people
  • traits geneticaly determined and merge early in life (relatively enduring)
  • traits seem universal
  • traits vary in culture in the way they are expressed
22
Q

Name 3 different types of intelligence test

A
  1. Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale - compares a child’s mental age (MA) with chronological age (CA) and calculates an intelligence quotient (IQ). modified Binet and Simons test.
  2. Bayley Scales - designed for toddlers 1-42 mo, that tests motor, mental, and behavioral development. x
  3. Wechsler Scales - yields a verbal (vocab, general knowledge) and performance (puzzels, mazes) IQ score. Bell shaped curve. 2/3 between 85 and 115, , 3% above 130.
    * 3 versions (4 = 3-8 yo, 5 = 6-16 yo, 6 = adults)*
23
Q

phoneme

A

basic unit of sound

ex. /b/ as in bit

24
Q

morpheme

A

basic unit of meaning that exists in a word

ex. view = one morpheme, preview = two morphemes

25
Q

syntax

A

systematic rules for the formation of sentences

26
Q

semantics

A

meaning of words, symbols, or sentences

27
Q

pragmatics

A

rules for specifying how language is appropriately used in different social context

28
Q

Discuss Howard Gardener’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences (9). What does it say?

A
  1. linguistic - finding words to express what you mean
  2. logical-mathematical - quantifying things, making hypotheses, and proving them
  3. musical - discerning sounds, pitch, tone, rhythm
  4. spatial - visualizing the world in 3D
  5. bodily-kinesthetic - coordinating mind with body
  6. interpersonal - sensing peoples feelings
  7. intrapersonal - understanding self
  8. existential - tackling the questions of why we live and die
  9. naturalistic - understanding nature

-rejects single IQ model, many types of intelligence not found on a test

29
Q

Marcia believed that _____ and _____ are necessary for identity achievement.

A

crisis, commitment

30
Q

Chomsky’s theory

A

humans have a unique genetic capacity to learn language

31
Q

Name 3 factors that contribute to sexual assault on college campuses.

A

alcohol consumption, culture of “hooking up”, fraternity & athletic subcultures

32
Q

Name 3 sexually transmitted infections and define their cause and describe their symptoms.

A
  1. Chlamydia
    - caused by bacteria
    - Few or no symptoms. When there are: discharge from vagina/penis, burning with urination, and lower abdominal pain.
  2. Trichomoniasis
    - caused by parasite
    - Few or no symptoms. When there are: itching genital area, painful urination/intercourse, lower abdominal pain
  3. Genital Herpes
    - caused by herpes simplex.
    - genital discharge, itching/burning, blisters in genital & anal region
33
Q

androgyny

A

having both feminine and masculine stereotyped traits

34
Q

At what age is personality traits fairly stable by?

A

4

35
Q

IQ scores predict high school or college success?

A

high school

36
Q

self-esteem

A

evaluation of self-worth/how good am I?

37
Q

self-concept

A

perceptions of own characteristics/how do you think about yourself

38
Q

self-image

A

mental picture of yourself

39
Q

What is the normal IQ range? For retardation? For giftedness?

A

90-110, <75, >130

40
Q

What is Sternberg’s definition of creativity?

A

ability to produce novel responses that is valued by others

41
Q

What are the components of language? (6)

A

phoneme, morpheme, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, prosody

42
Q

aphasia

A

can understand but cannot repeat information

43
Q

Name the 5 stages of Adopting Transgender Identity

A
  1. pre-coming out: children are confused as to why they do not fit into the female or male categories
  2. coming out: individuals realize that they are transgender
  3. exploration: learning as much as possible of what being transgender means
  4. intimacy: learn how to develop positive intimate relationships
  5. identity integration: union of one’s private and public self
44
Q

identity

A

overall sense one’s self

45
Q

personality often includes _____ and _____.

A

self-concept, self-esteem

Developmental Psychology (18 decks)

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