Exam 3 Respiratory

Question 1

Tissue perfusion?

Answer 1

Once blood leaves heart, how gets to the rest of the body. Cardiac Output will increase tissue perfusion.

Question 2

Pulm. perfusion

Answer 2

Blood going just to lungs… blood low in oxygen high in Carbon Dioxide.

Question 3

Ventilation

Answer 3

Air moving in and out of alveolus.

Question 4

VQ Ratio

Answer 4

V- ventilation

Q-perfusion

Question 5

Normal VQ Ratio =

Answer 5

normal functioning alveolus and normal pulm capillary flow.

Question 6

Dead Space VQ

Answer 6

When ventilation without perfusion, a dead space unit exists. Example: pulmonary embolus which prevents blood flow through the pulmonary capillary…

Question 7

Shunt Unit VQ

Answer 7

when there is no ventilation to an alveolar unit but perfusion continues, a shunt unit exists, and unoxygenated blood continues to circulate. Can also be referred to as the “shunt effect.”

Question 8

Diseases of lower respiratory tract?

Answer 8

Asthma
COPD
(Emphysema/chronic bronchitis)

Question 9

Asthma

Answer 9

Hyper-responsive airway, thus “bronchoconstriction”…
AND
increase of inflammation in lungs.

Question 10

COPD emphysema

Answer 10

Destruction of alveoli sacs…damages them, thus less gas exchange. Pink puffer (grapes). Compressed air ducts and collapsed alveoli.

Question 11

COPD chronic bronchitis

Answer 11

Increase in MUCUS, narrows airway ewwww. Blue Bloater

Question 12

Two goals for asthma:

Answer 12

1. Terminate acute bronchospasm (quick relief)

2. Prevent or reduce freq. of attacks (prevent or reduce frequency of attacks)

Question 13

Two types of inhalation medications

Answer 13

MDI = 2 puffs wait time 1-5 minutes in between 
Nebulizer = breathing tx/stronger/hospital/emergency

Question 14

SABA

Answer 14

B2 Agonist. Emergent/Rescue/Short acting

Question 15

LABA

Answer 15

B2 Agonist.

Long acting and long term control/Get off slowly. Daily medications.

Question 16

After the nurse administers albuterol (Proventil) to a 24-yr old client w/ sx of an acute asthma attack, which of the following outcomes is best?

Answer 16

Relief of wheezing!!

Question 17

What statements best indicate ot the nurse that the client understood instructions about her self administration of her inhaled long acting beta adrenergic agonist (LABA).

Answer 17

This drug is supposed to prevent an asthma attack, but is not good for treating one.

Question 18

A client takes a bronchodilator for COPD. Which explanation by the nurse accurately represents the drug’s characteristics??

Answer 18

The medicine is used to dilate your airways and make it easier for you to breathe!!

Question 19

COPD specific drugs?

Answer 19

• Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors
• Mucolytics/ Expectorants
• Antibiotics
• Smoking Cessation

Question 20

Nursing Implications for Respiratory Complications

Answer 20

• Wait between puffs!
• Take albuterol first when taking it with ICS.
• When taking an ICS, rinse mouth and mouth piece.
• Continue medication even if not exp. asthma attacks.

Question 21

What if someone is told to take their albuterol and ICS every morning? Which one first?

Answer 21

Albuterol, to open up the airways.

Question 22

Goals for ASthma?

Answer 22

1. Stop the asthma attack

2. Prevent them