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Microbiology Lab > Exam 3 Part 2 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Part 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

reactions that use water to split complex molecules

A

hydrolysis

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2
Q

these catalyze reactions inside cells

A

intracellular enzymes

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3
Q

these catalyze reactions outside cell

A

extracellular enzymes or exoenzymes

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4
Q

what identify extracellular enzymes

A

starch agar, DNase agar, tributyrin agar, milk agar

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5
Q

exoenzyme that liquifies solid medium

A

gelatinase

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6
Q

polysaccharide made up of < D glucose subunits

A

starch

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7
Q

starch is either

A

linear (amylose) or branched (amylopectin)

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8
Q

is starch large

A

yes too big to pass through membrane so must be split into individual glucose molecules

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9
Q

what does starch agar contain

A

beef extract, soluble starch, and agar

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10
Q

what is used to detect presence or absence of starch in vicinity around the bacterial growth

A

reagent iodine

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11
Q

what does a clearing around growth on starch agar mean

A

< amylase and or oligo-1, 6 glucosidase is present so positive result

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12
Q

what does no clearing around growth on starch agar mean

A

< amylase and or oligo-1 6 glucosidase is NOT present so negative result

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13
Q

what does Columbia CNA allow growth of and what does it inhibit growth of

A

allows growth of gram positive and inhibits growth of gram negative

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14
Q

what is Columbia CNA composed of

A

casein, digest of animal tissue, beef extract, yeast extract, corn starch, and sheep blood

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15
Q

what do the yeast and blood of columbia CNA do

A

yeast provides vitamins and blood supplies heme

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16
Q

what is selective against gram negative in Columbia CNA

A

antibiotic colistin and nalidixic acid

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17
Q

what does sheep blood make possible

A

differentiation of gram positive organisms based on hemolytic reaction

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18
Q

what is Columbia CNA agar used to isolate

A

Staphylococci, streptococci, and enterococci

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19
Q

what does poor or no growth on columbia CNA mean

A

inhibited by colistin and nalidixic acid so gram negative

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20
Q

what does good growth with clearing on columbia CNA mean

A

not inhibited by colisitn and nalidixic acid and completely hemolyzes RBCs so B hemolytic

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21
Q

what does good growth with greening on columbia CNA mean

A

not inhibited by colisitn and nalidixic acid and partially hemolyzes RBCs so < hemolytic

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22
Q

what does good growth with no color change on columbia CNA mean

A

not inhibited by colisitn and nalidixic and does NOT hemolyze RBCs so y hemolytic

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23
Q

what does mannitol salt agar contain

A

carbohydrate mannitol, 7.5 % sodium chloride, and pH indicator phenol red

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24
Q

when is phenol red different colors

A

yellow below 6.8, red 7.4-8.4 and pink above 8.4

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25
Q

what does the mannitol in salt agar do

A

provides the substrate for fermentation and makes the medium differential

26
Q

what does the sodium chloride in mannitol salt agar do

A

makes medium selective as it kills most

27
Q

what bacteria thrive on mannitol salt agar

A

Staphylococci

28
Q

this indicates if fermentation with acid end products occured

A

phenol red

29
Q

mannitol salt agar is used for

A

isolation and differentiation of staphylococcus aureus from other staphylococcus species

30
Q

poor or no growth on mannitol salt agar

A

inhibited by NaCl so not staphylococcus

31
Q

good growth on mannitol salt agar

A

not inhibited by NaCl so staphylococcus

32
Q

yellow or halo on mannitol salt agar

A

produces acid from mannitol fermentation so pathogenic staphylococcus aureus

33
Q

red growth and no halo on mannitol salt agar

A

does not ferment mannitol so staphylococcus but NOT aureus

34
Q

what is another name for Eosin Mthyene Blue

A

Levine

35
Q

what does EMB contain

A

digest of gelatin, lactose, and dyes esoin y and methylene blue

36
Q

what does digest of gelatin provide EMB

A

organic carbon and nitrogen

37
Q

what are the purposes of eosin y and methylene blue

A

1) inhibit growth of most gram positive

2) react with vigorous lactose fermenters whose acid end products turn growth purple/black

38
Q

dark growth and green metallic sheen is typical of what on EMB

A

E. coli

39
Q

what is EMB used for isolation of

A

fecal coliforms

40
Q

poor or no growth on EMB

A

inhibited by dyes so gram positive

41
Q

good growth on EMB

A

not inhibited by dyes so gram negative

42
Q

pink/mucoid growth on EMB

A

ferments lactose with little acid production so possible coliform

43
Q

dark growth on EMB

A

ferments lactose and or sucrose with acid production so probable coliform

44
Q

colorless growth on EMB

A

does not ferment lactose or sucrose so noncoliform

45
Q

what is blood agar useful for detecting

A

detecting hemolytic ability of gram positive cocci

46
Q

this is produced by some gram positive cocci

exotoxins that destroy RBCs and hemoglobin

A

hemolysins

47
Q

what does blood agar contain

A

5% blood in tryptic soy agar base

48
Q

what is B hemolysis

A

complete destruction of RBCs and hemoglobin

results in clearing of medium around colonies

49
Q

what is < hemolysis

A

partial destruction of RBCs and hemoglobin

produces greenish decolorization of agar around colonies

50
Q

what is y hemolysis

A

nonhemolysis, appears as simple growth

no change to medium

51
Q

hemolysins produced by steptococci

A

streptolysins

52
Q

streptolysin O

A

oxygen liable (optimal is anaerobic conditions)

53
Q

streptolysin S

A

oxygen stable(optimal under anaerobic conditions)

54
Q

what technique is used for blood agar

A

streak and stab for isolation and encourage activity

55
Q

what is the 21st test of api 20 E

A

oxidase test

56
Q

what is the seven digit code interpreted on

A

analytic profile index

57
Q

what is the 21st test of api 20 E

A

oxidase test

58
Q

what is the seven digit code interpreted on

A

analytic profile index

59
Q

what is api 20 E multi test system used for

A

clinically for rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae and other gram negative rods

60
Q

what is the purpose of the water in api 20 E

A

humidify the strip during inoculation

61
Q

describe coliforms

A 
rod shaped, gram negative
non spore forming
ferment lactose with production of acid/gas
indicator of sanitary food quality
example is E. coli

Microbiology Lab (25 decks)

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