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Microbiology Lab > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

what does the combination medium of MR and VP tests contain

A

peptone, glucose, and phosphate buffer

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2
Q

what is the MR test designed to detect

A

organisms capable of performing mixed acid fermentation

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3
Q

acids produced my those capable of performing mixed acid fermentation tend to be what

A

stable

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4
Q

what does MR stand for

A

Methyl Red

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5
Q

what is mixed acid fermentation verified by

A

the addition of methyl red indicator dye following incubation

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6
Q

when is methyl red the color red

A

at a pH of 4.4

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7
Q

when is methyl red the color yellow

A

at a pH of 6.2

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8
Q

when is methyl red the color orange

A

with a pH in between 4.4 and 6.2

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9
Q

what is a positive, negative, and inconclusive result of the MR test

A

positive: red
negative: yellow
negative/inconclusive: orange

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10
Q

what is the VP test designed for

A

organisms that are able to ferment glucose but quickly convert their acid products to acetoin and 2,3 butanediol

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11
Q

what is the broad process of VP test

A

acetoin-diacetyl + guanidine- red color

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12
Q

what is a positive and negative result of the VP test

A

positive: red
negative: no color change

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13
Q

what does VP test stand for

A

Voges-Proskauer test

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14
Q

what family of bacteria are SIM used for and what type of rod are they

A

Enterobacteriaceae

gram negative rods

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15
Q

what three activities are SIM medium used for

A

sulfur reduction, indole production from tryptophan, and motility

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16
Q

what are the two ways that sulfur can be reduced

A

with the enzyme cystein desulfurase and thiosulfate reductase

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17
Q

what do both enzymes of sulfur reduction produce

A

H2S gas

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18
Q

when either sulfur reaction occurs in SIM medium, what occurs

A

FeS forms(black precipitate)

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19
Q

what is a positive and negative result of sulfur reduction

A

positive: blackening of medium(sulfur reaction)
negative: no blackening(no sulfur reaction)

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20
Q

what is indole production possible by

A

the presence of tryptophan

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21
Q

what can tryptophan hydrolysis be detected by the addition of and what does it contain

A

Kovac’s reagent which contains DMABA

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22
Q

what is a positive and negative result of indole production

A

positive: red(presence of tryptophanase)
negative: no red color (doesn’t make tryptophase)

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23
Q

what is motility made possible by

A

the reduced agar concentration and the method incoulation

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24
Q

what is an indication of motility

A

growth that radiates in all direction and appears slightly fuzzy is an indication of motility

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25
Q

what does IMViC stand for

A

Indole, methyl red, voges-proskauer, and citrate

26
Q

what is IMViC used for

A

to distinguish between members of the family Enterobacteriaceae

27
Q

what is TSIA designed to differentiate between

A

glucose fermentation, lactose fermentation, sucrose fermentation, and sulfur reduction

28
Q

what is TSIA composed of

A

3 carbohydrates, animal proteins, ferrus sulfate and sodium thiosulfate

29
Q

what is the pH indicator of TSIA

A

phenol red

30
Q

what is the hydrogen sulfide indicator

A

iron

31
Q

what can show up as a false positive because changes back to basic after all glucose is used up

A

reversion

32
Q

KIA is identical to TSIA in form and function except what

A

KIA does not include sucrose

33
Q

yellow slant, yellow butt KIA

A

glucose and lactose fermentation with acid accumulation in slant and butt

34
Q

yellow slant, yellow butt TSIA

A

glucose and lactose and or sucrose fermentation with acid accumulation in slant and butt

35
Q

red slant and yellow butt (TSIA)

A

glucose fermentation with acid production, proteins catabolized aerobically with alkaline products

36
Q

red slant and red butt (TSIA)

A

no fermentation, peptone catabolized aerobically and anaerobically with alkaline products, not from enterobacteriaceae

37
Q

red slant, no change in butt (TSIA)

A

no fermentation, peptone catabolized aerobically with alkaline products, not from enterobacteriaceae

38
Q

no change in slant and no change in butt (TSIA)

A

organism is growing slowly or not at all, not from enterobacteriaceae

39
Q

black precipitate in agar (TSIA)

A

sulfur reduction(acid condition), from fermentation of glucose or lactose, exists in the butt even if the yellow color is obscured by the black precipitate

40
Q

crack in a lifting of agar (TSIA)

A

gas production

41
Q

what does the citrate utilization test tell us about

A

organism’s ability to use citrate as their sole carbon source and perform citrate fermentation

42
Q

what is a defined medium and give an example of it

A

amount and source a of all ingredients are carfeully controlled and simmons citrate agar is an example

43
Q

bacteria that does not possess citrate permase will not grow on what medium

A

ammonium as the sole nitrogen source

44
Q

this is the enzyme citrate pos bacteria use to hydrolyze citrate into oxalocetate and acetate(oxalocetate is then converted to pyruvate)

A

citrate lyase

45
Q

what is a positive result of the citrate utilization test

A

blue and no color change but GROWTH (citrate is utilized)

46
Q

what is a negative result of the citrate utilization test

A

no color change and no growth (citrate is not utilized)

47
Q

metabolic process by which an organic molecule acts as an electron donor and one ore more of its organic products as the FEA

A

carbohydrate fermentation

48
Q

what is carbohydrate fermentation used to include

A

hydrolysis of disoccharrides prior to fermentation

49
Q

organism that splits the disaccharide lactose and ferments the monosccharides

A

lactose fermenter

50
Q

phenol red broth and MR and VP broth

A

differential fermentation media

51
Q

this is a differential test medium prepared as a base to which a carbohydrate is added

A

phenol red broth

52
Q

what does phenol red broth include

A

peptone and phenol red

53
Q

what it the pH indicator of phenol red broth

A

phenol red

54
Q

when is phenol red the color yellow

A

below pH of 6.8

55
Q

when is phenol red the color pink

A

above pH of 7.4

56
Q

when is phenol red the color red

A

in between pH of 6.8 and 7.4

57
Q

this is added to each tube as an indicator of gas production
from fermentation, indicated by a buubble

A

inverted Durham tube

58
Q

yellow broth and bubble in tube

A

fermentation with acid and gas end products

59
Q

yellow broth and no bubble in tube

A

fermentation with acid end products, no gas produced

60
Q

red broth and no bubble in tube

A

no fermentation

61
Q

pink broth and no bubble in tube

A

degradation of peptone and alkaline end products

Microbiology Lab (25 decks)

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