Exam 3 osteoporosis and Ca

Question 1

Osteoclasts

Answer 1

(chew) chew up bone structure and reabsorb bone surface

Question 2

Osteoblasts

Answer 2

(build) Build up and fill cavity

Question 3

Describe the ratio of activity between osteoblasts and osteoclasts during the life stages of childhood, young to early midlife and then after the age of 40

Answer 3

Phase 1: blast > clast (build) Phase 2: Blast = clast (balance) Phase 3: Blast < clast (loss) = osteoporosis

Question 4

Peak bone mass

Answer 4

the maximum bone density attained at any time in life, usually occurring in young adulthood. 16-30

Question 5

Cortical bone

Answer 5

the outside layer protector

Question 6

Trabecular bone

Answer 6

inside of the bone, spongy, give cortical bone structure.

Question 7

Osteoporosis

Answer 7

a bone disorder characterized by reduced bone mass, increased bone fragility, and increased risk of fracture

Question 8

which type of bone is more likely to be associated with osteoporosis

Answer 8

Trabecular

Question 9

Why are women more at risk than men

Answer 9

they have less bone than men and lose it faster as they age. They also lose additional bone for a period of about 5-10 years surrounding menopause

Question 10

Why is being underweight a risk factor for osteoporosis

Answer 10

Being underweight is also a risk factor of osteoporosis because the bone mass isn’t as strong because they don’t have to support as much weight

Question 11

Discuss why nutrition and physical activity during childhood is important in the prevention of osteoporosis

Answer 11

Eating foods high in zinc, magnesium, potassium, fiber, vitamin K and C will help with increasing bone density. As well as weight-bearing exercise throughout life

Question 12

Identify the best sources of calcium in the diet

Answer 12

Best sources of calcium: milk and dairy products

Question 13

If you were to recommend someone to take a calcium supplement, how much would you recommend? Can you take in too much calcium

Answer 13

Recommend 500 mg or less. You can take in too much calcium

Question 14

Explain how the body maintains blood calcium concentrations

Answer 14

When calcium is low PTH is released and acts in a number of tissues to increase blood calcium levels. When there is too much calcium calcitonin is released and acts on the bone to inhibit the release of calcium into the blood

Question 15

What three major organs help maintain normal blood calcium levels

Answer 15

SI, kidneys, and bones