Exam 3: Manipulating Gene Expression

Question 1

What is Epigenetic’s?

Answer 1

DNA packing with proteins called histones to make chromatin

Question 2

How does Epigenetic’s function?

Answer 2

Epigenetic changes regulate gene expression by causing regions of DNA to become more packed

Question 3

What does the increased packaging of DNA lead to ?

Answer 3

Less transcription

Question 4

What does the decrease in DNA packing lead to?

Answer 4

More Transcription

Question 5

Does increased DNA Methylation increase or decrease DNA packing?

Answer 5

Increases it

Question 6

Does increased DNA methylation cause an increase or decrease in transcription?

Answer 6

A decrease

Question 7

Would an increase in DNA methylation make it more or less likely for an oncogene to cause cancer?

Answer 7

Less Likely because methylation decreases gene expression leading to less protein production

Question 8

Would an increase in DNA methylation make it more or less likely for a tumor suppressor gene to cause cancer

Answer 8

More likely because DNA methylation decreased gene expression meaning less activity of tumor suppressor

Question 9

Does DNMTi reduce the expression of oncogenes or increased the expression of tumor suppressors?

Answer 9

Increases expression of tumor suppressor because it is an inhibitor of DNA methylation

re-expresses the silenced tumor suppressor

Question 10

How are tumors suppressor genes silenced?

Answer 10

Caused by epigenetic changes in cancer

Question 11

What are the two Epigenetic changes that could occur

Answer 11

Addition of Methyl groups = Suppression of transcription

Removal of Acetyl groups= Suppression of transcription