exam 3: hunger Flashcards
why do we eat too much?
evolution, our ancestors adapted to eat fats and sugars
explain the “what the hell” phenomena
humans are adapted to eat what is available (we think because our ancestors had to eat when food was available since there was no way to store it
t or f: developed society = highly processed food
true
t or f: obesity has been steadily been increasing since the 90s
true
explain carbohydrates in fuel absorption
carbs break down into glucose which goes straight to the brain for energy
t or f: the brain only uses glucose for energy
true
t or f: glucose feeds into the short-term reservoir
true
explain carbohydrates in fuel absorption
proteins break down into amino acids
explain the function of the liver in the short-term reservoir
glycogen is stored here for easy access
explain the function of the pancreas in the short-term reservoir while eating
insulin is secreted as soon as we eat (blood sugar rises), while this is secreted, glycogen is being stored
t or f: we need insulin to store glycogen
true
t or f: any extra glucose is stored as fat
true
t or f: most glycogen is stored in the liver but some can be stored in muscles
true
explain the function of the pancreas in the short-term reservoir while fasting
secretes glucagon
explain what happens to glycerol in the long-term reservoir
it is broken down by fat into glucose to feed the brain
explain what happens to fatty acids (steric acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid) in the long-term reservoir
used for muscular energy so we can move
t or f: fasting means there is little to no insulin present in the body
true
t or f: presence of insulin allows muscles to use glucose
true
the only way we can break/burn down fat is if we have low, stable ________ levels
glucagon
when the body works to prevent dramatic change, including body weight
homeostasis
humans are fat ________ machines and fat _________ machines
storing; protecting
how are humans fat protecting machines?
once we gain fat it gets harder and harder to lose it, particularly true in females because estrogen influences are body to hold onto the fat
t or f: cannot out exercise bad eating habits unless you are a professional athlete or hiking a super long mountain trail
true
many research studies showed what about weight loss?
showed that blatant calorie restriction results in more efficient fat storage and lower resting metabolic rate, which causes cycling weight gain/loss increasing energy conservation and fat storage
