exam 1: brain: neurons and orientation Flashcards
(8/29)
the majority of our motor control is ? lateral.
contralateral
how much neurons is it estimated that the brain is made up of?
86 billion
describe a bipolar neuron.
often sensory and its makeup is specialized to speed up sensory processes
what separates our brain from other mammals/animals?
the way our neurons connect in the brain, we have far more connections than any other animal we have looked at
what are the functions of microglia?
housekeeping, pruning ; can be overactive and kill living neurons
immune system of the brain meaning that it recognizes invaders and breaks them down or rids of them
why do seizures occur?
they occur when neurons don’t rest
what are the different types of glial cells?
astrocytes, microglia, myelin sheath, oligodendrocyte (CNS), and Schwann cell (PNS)
anatomical term that means top of the head, back of the head, back, and the back of the legs
dorsal
what is a Schwann cell?
part of the (PNS), it is basically just one cell and one segment
give an example of contralateral processing.
when controlling your right hand, that is largely done by the left half of the brain
anatomical term that means toward the beak (nose) (towards the front part of the face)
rostral or anterior
bodily plane that is horizontal to the ground (flat like holding a plate)
horizontal plane
describe a multipolar interneuron.
common in the brain, in areas where there is a lot of neurons tightly packed together doing the same type of function
do not have an axon because they are only communicating with the other neurons in that tightly packed space not other parts of the brain or body
t or f: we are a result of electrical-chemical events, this processing is what makes us human
true
t or f: not every neuron is operating all at once, there is a balance and that is what keeps us alive
true
parts of the body on opposite sides of the mid line (i.e. right arm to the left leg)
contralateral
describe a unipolar neuron.
often motor and connects from other neurons in our nervous system
what are the functions of astrocytes?
insulating neurons away from eachother
provides a supporting structure framework to keep the different things in t he brain in their respective places
housekeeping; getting rid of dying neurons
bodily plane that intersects through the eyes, cuts through the head face first
sagittal plane
anatomical term that means to the sides of the midline of the body or brain
lateral
anatomical term that means toward the tail or toward the bottom part of the brain (toward the feet)
caudal or posterior
name the parts of the neuron
dendrites, cell body (soma), axon, terminal button (including the synaptic vesicles)
describe a multipolar neuron.
common in the brain, has a large cell body with many dendrites and one long axon and allows different parts of the brain to connect with other parts
what are the four types of neurons?
unipolar, bipolar, multipolar, multipolar interneuron
