exam 1: nervous systems

Question 1

part of the peripheral NS

contains vagus nerve (in the parasympathetic nervous system)

Answer 1

cranial nerves

Question 2

what does ganglion mean?

Answer 2

bunch of neurons

Question 3

which nervous system is encased in bone for protection?

Answer 3

central nervous system

Question 4

what is the dorsal root ganglion?

Answer 4

it is just a bulge around the dorsal root

Question 5

what are the two parts of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 5

sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

Question 6

what is gray matter

Answer 6

cell bodies

Question 7

what does the central nervous system contain?

Answer 7

the brain and spinal cord

Question 8

explain how the knee-jerk reflex happens

Answer 8

sensory input only goes through one segment of the spinal cord and out quickly

Question 9

which part of the autonomic nervous system pertains to the cranial nerves and sacral regions?

Answer 9

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 10

nerve that innervates a majority of the parasympathetic NS to send information (calming us down essentially, decreasing heart rate, etc)

Answer 10

vagus nerve

Question 11

nervous system that contain voluntary motor neurons and sensory neurons (except vision)

Answer 11

peripheral nervous system

Question 12

part of the peripheral NS

31 pairs, half that go to the left side and half that go to the right side of the body

form outside the bone

Answer 12

spinal nerves

Question 13

part of the spinal cord that pertains to motor output (tells your arms, hands, feet, etc. what to do)

also often called the motor nerve

Answer 13

ventral root

Question 14

part of the autonomic NS

allows cognition, thought, and emotional regulation

Answer 14

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 15

what is white matter

Answer 15

axons from neurons (because its covered in myelin sheaths)

Question 16

which part of the autonomic system system pertains to the thoracic and lumbar region?

Answer 16

sympathetic nervous system

Question 17

part of the autonomic NS

responds to every stressor, perceived or not

fight or flight activated when we are upset or stressed about something

Answer 17

sympathetic nervous system

Question 18

explain the cauda equina part of the spinal cord

Answer 18

the spinal cord ends around the lower lumbar region and as we grow, what continues is the cauda equina which are a bunch of nerves and/or axons that come off the spinal cord (especially to lower body regions)

Question 19

part of the spinal cord that deals with sensory input (meaning info comes in, spinal cord does processing, sends up to brain, then back through _______)

Answer 19

dorsal root

Question 20

t or f: you can’t have the sympathetic nervous system active while you are breathing slowly, it’s like a toggle

Answer 20

true

Question 21

t or f: there is a connection between slowing your breathing and calming (activating the calming feeling of) the vagus nerve

Answer 21

true

Question 22

what does innervate mean?

Answer 22

to stimulate