Exam 3 Fluid Therapy Flashcards
what are the therapeutic goals of fluid therapy
decreasing dehydration or hypovolemia
increase electrolytes
balance acid-base
water accounts for ___ of total body weight
60%
blood is ___ of total body weight
7%
plasma is ___ of total body weight
5%
main goals of lfuid therapy are
improve tissue perfusion by replacing intravascular volume
correct dehydration by replacing interstitial volume
meet maintenance need
replace on-goin glosses
replacement volume equation
replacement volume = body kg x % dehydration
____ of replacement fluids remian in IV space after 1 hour
25%
meet maintenance needs equation
30 x kg + 70
___ of maintenance fluid remains in IV space after 1 hour
10%
maintenance fluids contents
lower Na
higher K
lower Cl
4 or less percent dehydration
history of fluid loss, evidence of thirst, MM still moist
5-6
MM slightly dry, hair coat dull, slight delay in return of skin to normal position
7-8
definite delay of return of skin to normal position, MM dry, slight prolongation of CRT
9-11
tented skin does not eturn to normal; definite prolongation of CRT, eyes definitely sunken in, mm dry, tachycardia, cool extremities,
12-15
definite signs of shock
hetastarch fluid type
colloid
hetastarch TG
decrease dehydration or hypovolemia, expander, maintains vascular volume in animals in ciruculatory shock
hetastarch adverse effects
allergic reactions and hyperosmotic renal dysfucntion; not for bleeding patients or those with coagulopathies
hypertonic saline contains
Na and Cl
hypertonic saline TG
decrease dehydration or hypovolemia and increase electrolytes
hypertonic saline adverse events
hyperosmolality
lactated ringers fluid type
replacement
lactated ringers contains
alkalinizing BES; Na, K, Cl, Ca
lactated ringers adverse events
monitor paitnets carefully
lactated ringers TG
decrease dehydration or hypovolemia, increase electrolytes and balance acd-base
normal saline fluid type
replacemnt
normal saline contains
acidifying BES; Na, Cl
normal saline TG
decrease dehydration or hypovolemia, increase electrolytes
normosol-R fluid type
replacement
normosol R contains
alkaliniznig BES; Na, K, Cl, Mg
nrom R TG
decrease dehydration or hypovolemia, increase electrolytes
plasma lyte A fluid type
replacement
plasma lyte A contains
Na, K, Cl, Mg
Plasma lyte A TG
decrease dehydration or hypovolemia, increase lytes
ringers fluid type
replacement
ringers contains
acidifying BES; Na, K, Cl, Ca
ringers adverse events
increased renal excretion of bicarb after prolonged use, do not exceed 80 ml/kg/hr; consider supplementing with K
plasma lyte M fluid type
maintenance
plasma lyte M contains
acidifying Na, K, cl, Ca, Mg
normosol M fluid type
maintenance
normosol M contains
Acidifying Na, k, cl, mg
