Exam 3 Antimicrobial susceptibility testing

Question 1

_____ characteristics allow drugs to penetrate easily

Answer 1

cell wall

Question 2

some genes encode for efflux pumps that

Answer 2

pump drugs out of cell before drug can inhibit growth

Question 3

minimum inhibitory concentration

Answer 3

concentration needed to inhibit growth under standardized conditions

Question 4

MIC50

Answer 4

half the bacterial isolates are inhibited by a particular concentration

Question 5

breakpoint

Answer 5

a clinical prediction based on multiple levels of data including PK, pd, CLINICAL TRIALS, AND IN VITRO TESTING - DEVELOPED UNDER SPECIFIC CONDITIONS (ANIMAL, BACTERIA, REGIMEN) BREAKPOINT IS THE INTERPRETATION OF mic

Question 6

AT categories

Answer 6

susceptible, intermediate, resistant

Question 7

susceptible

Answer 7

implies that an infection due to the isolate may be appropriately treated with the dosage regimen of an antimicrobial agent recommended for that type of infection

Question 8

intermediate

Answer 8

originally designed as a buffer zone to prevent day to day variations from changing susceptiblity test results (indicates that the drug may be useful in those situations where very high drug levels can be achieved)

Question 9

resistant

Answer 9

isolates are not inhibted by the usually achievable concentrations of the agent with normal dosage schedules or have mechanisms where microbial resistance is likely and clinical efficacy has not been reliable in treatment studies