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7333 Bringman > Exam 3- cognition > Flashcards

Exam 3- cognition Flashcards

1
Q

Cognition and Perceptual Impairments categories

A 
~cognition
~higher order/ executive function
~performance 
~Angoias
~apraxia
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2
Q

Cognition and perceptual impairments: cognition categories

A

~attention deficits

~memory impairments

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3
Q

Cognition and perceptual impairments: cognition categories- attention deficits

A

~Sustained attention
~Selective attention
~Divided attention
~Alternative attention

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4
Q

Cognition and perceptual impairments: cognition categories- memory impairments

A

~immediate recall
~short- term
~long- term

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5
Q

Cognition and perceptual impairments: Higher-order/ executive function

A

~Volition
~Planning
~Purposive action
~Effective performance

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6
Q

Volition

A

Ability to move

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7
Q

Planning

A

Want to do something so you plan your movement

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8
Q

Purposive action

A

When you are able to do an action that has a pursue

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9
Q

Cognition and perceptual impairments: Higher-order/ executive function

A

~Volition
~Planning
~Purposive action
~Effective performance

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10
Q

Cognition and perceptual impairments: performance

A

~body scheme/ body image

~spatial relations impairment

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11
Q

Cognition and perceptual impairments: body scheme/ body image

A 
~Unilateral neglect
~Anosonosia
~Somatoagnosia
~Right-left discrimination
~Finger agnosia
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12
Q

Cognition and perceptual impairments: spatial relations impairment

A 
~Figure-ground discrimination
~Form discrimination
~Spatial relations
~Position in space
~Topographical disorientation 
~Depth and distance perception
~Vertical disorientation
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13
Q

Unilateral neglect

A

~inability to recognize half of your sensory form ½ your body that is not due to a sensory loss
~Usually left side
~pusher- push towards their affected side/ involved side
~The person will not know/ think about the involved side; the body wants to compensate and will push towards the involved side to try and make a new midline

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14
Q

Anosonosia

A

~No insight or awareness of their injury; their brain does not know that they has had the injury
~Usually resolved in the first few months
~Usually more prominent right CVA

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15
Q

Somatoagnosia

A

~“body agnosia”
~Difficulty with body structure and the relationship with one body part to another; where is my elbow in relationship to my hand

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16
Q

Right-left discrimination

A

~No clue on R/L

~Have to put some other input besides r/l; tapping, colors, etc

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17
Q

Finger agnosia

A

~Cant figure out how to use the fingers in a helpful fashion; any fine motor skill is not easy
~Opposition, tying shoes, buttoning, etc

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18
Q

Figure-ground discrimination

A

~You wont be able to discriminate between lines to find a figure; will just random line and not image
~Cant see where things are because they are all just in the background
~Cant figure out where to grab on a wheelchair

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19
Q

Form discrimination

A

~Small difference are hard for the pt to discriminate/ separate
~If you open up a drawer- there are lots of long skinny object (pencils, pens, tooth brush, etc) but they all look the same to the stroke pt

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20
Q

Position in space

A

~Up, down, in, out, below, above- all a jumbled mess to them
~Get on top of the table? Put you hand on top of your knee? Etc
~They cannot understand what that means

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21
Q

Topographical disorientation

A

~Map- if you want them to gym from their room, they wont remember how they got there (the twists and turns)
~They wont remember how to get to the restroom
~Very common in TBI and stroke; good reason to keep them in therapy

22
Q

Depth and distance perception

A

~Can be visual
~Do you where glasses? Near or far sighted?
~Stairs- can look like a slide or a wall; pouring into a glass; curves; potholes/ bumps in the ground

23
Q

Vertical disorientation

A

~Everyone is off by 10-15at first after stroke; not standing straight because they think the world is off tilted
~The world is off to them, so they walk funny/ at an angle
~like you are walking through the crazy house
~Typically gets better; can occur in either type of stroke (right or left)

24
Q

Agnoias

A

~visual agnosia
~auditory agnosia
~tactile/ asterognosis

25
Q

Visual agnosia

A

~Has normal eye function/ their eyes work
~They have problems naming the object when they just looking at it
~If they can hold it, they can name it right away
~Just can’t process the visual pathways to say what it is

26
Q

Auditory agnosia

A

~They can still hear, but is a sound has a similar sound, it sound the same
~Inability to recognize/ decipher the sounds
~Bark and lightening; cell phone and an ambulance going down the street, voices will probably sounds similar
~Typically have other processing issues

27
Q

Tactile/ astereognosis

A

Cant tell you what it is when it is in your hand without looking at it

28
Q

Apraxias

A

~ideomotor
~ideational
~constructional
~dressing

29
Q

Ideomotor apraxia

A

~Breakdown btw concept and performance
~They can do the task but they cannot do the task when asked
~Can brush their teeth without thinking, but if you ask them to do it, they cant
~Can get it form an idea to a motor
~You can sometimes trick them into doing it (if you tell them to stand, they cant, but if you try and get them to get a drink of water, they will easily stand up)
~Also tend to perseverate (motor or verbal)- yes, yes, yes, yes or they keep doing the same action over and over again

30
Q

Ideational apraxia

A

~A complete failure of the conceptionalization of the task
~Cant even do the task
~Have no idea on how to put the tasks together to walk, stand up, roll over, etc

31
Q

Constructional apraxia

A

The ability to put parts together to make a whole (in the correct way)

32
Q

Dressing apraxia

A

~Are you able to dress properly

~Putting underwear on the outside, etc

33
Q

Non equilibrium tests

A

Does someone have coordination outside of balance; don’t have to know all these, but should know at least one for UE and LE for exams

34
Q

Non equilibrium tests- list

A

1) Finger-to-nose
2) Finger-to therapist’s finger
3) Finger-to-finger
4) Alternate nose-to-finger
5) Finger opposition
6) Mass grasp
7) Pronation/supination
8) Rebound test
9) Tapping (hand)
10) Tapping (foot)
11) Pointing and past pointing
12) Alternate heel-to-knee; heel-to-toe
13) Toe to examiner’s finger
14) Heel on shin (common)
15) Drawing a circle
16) Fixation or position holding

35
Q

Equilibrium test

A

Testing balance- berg’s, etc

36
Q

COM- stands for

A

Center of mass

37
Q

COM- male vs female

A

Men COM is around the navel, but females are lower because of hips

38
Q

Cone of stability

A

~if you take your COM to the limits of the BOSs without falling (leading forwards/ backwards/ side to side)
~After you fall, the person has a very small cone

39
Q

Retropulsion

A

~after the fall, fight standing up
~will push back so they will move backwards
~rigid extension

40
Q

BOS- stand for

A

Base of support

41
Q

BOS

A

~Feet: different when they are shoulder width, staggered, narrow, etc
~can be your butt when sitting- want 90/90/90 (hip, knee, ankles); moving forward and backwards will change BOS bc it changes where the feet are

42
Q

As you get older, your BOS will..

A

they get more narrow

43
Q

Balance

A

Maintaining your COM over your BOS

44
Q

Influence COM

A 
~Large boobs
~Larger belly/ pregnancy 
~Backpacks 
~HALOs
~Amputees 
~Injuries on LE- will stand on the uninvolved side
45
Q

If you start to fall to try and keep from fall, what are the 3 steps

A

~Bend at the ankle
~Bend at the hip
~Take a step

46
Q

If pt has fallen…

A

~You want to work on putting them right to the point of them falling without making them fall
~Don’t let them fall!
~Strengthen muscles and neuro system to work faster
~Will find out where they are weak and work on that part
~You want to perturb them, unstable surfaces, etc
~Want to do a lot of single leg stuff (walking involves single leg stance)

47
Q

Standing with assistive devices- cane

A

Com is in the center, but if you have a cane, the cane will move the COM towards the cane side

48
Q

Standing with assistive devices- crutches

A

Crutches are like a double cane (one on each side) people need to be really good with their BOS with the feet are off the ground

49
Q

Standing with assistive devices-walker

A

~Walkers- make sure that the pt is within the walk’s base
~if the walker is in front of the pt, the COM is way in front of the feet
~Different walkers: Standard walker, rolling walker, posterior walker, hemiplegic walker

50
Q

Standing with assistive devices- roller

A

Roller- will not let you get within the walking space

51
Q

Standing with assistive devices- cane

A

COM is normally in the center, but if you have a cane, the cane will move the COM towards the cane side

7333 Bringman (23 decks)

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