exam 3 chapter 20

Question 1

agoraphobia (DSM-5)

Answer 1

an out-of-proportion fear or anxiety of at least two types of situations where escape might be difficult, lasting at least 6 months

Question 2

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Answer 2

characterized as excessive anxiety and worry, which occurs more days than not for at least 6 months; at least one physiological symptom (DSM-5)

Question 3

panic disorder

Answer 3

recurring, unexpected panic attacks (an abrupt and intense fear or discomfort, during which an individual exhibits a minimum of 4 physiological symptoms) followed by at least 1 month of persistent worrying about having another panic attack or change in behavior to avoid

Question 4

selective mutism

Answer 4

a failure to speak in situations where speaking is typical or expected; able to speak at a developmentally appropriate level in certain settings; must persist for 1 month (not including starting school) and must interfere with achievement or social engagement

Question 5

separation anxiety disorder (SAD)

Answer 5

developmentally inappropriate and excessive anxiety associated with separation from home or from attachment figures; often worry about danger or harm

Question 6

social phobia (social anxiety disorder)

Answer 6

persistent fear of social situations or performance situations; fear of acting in a way that will result in negative evaluations (ICD-11)

Question 7

specific phobia

Answer 7

persistent fear of a specific object or situation that is excessive or unreasonable; phobia must be avoided or encountered with high levels of fear or anxiety (ICD-11); fear in 4 types (animal, environmental, situational, blood/injury/injection) (DSM-5)

Question 8

anxiety as a multidimensional construct (3)

Answer 8

physiological features, cognitive ideation, behavioral responses

Question 9

temperament dimension of anxiety

Answer 9

anxiety transmitted via inherited temperamental characteristics (i.e. behavioral inhibition)

Question 10

CBT strategies (4)

Answer 10

(1) progressive exposure (in vivo or imaginary)
(2) modeling
(3) contingency management
(4) cognitive or information-processing

Question 11

disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) (DSM-5 only)

Answer 11

only diagnosed in children between 6 and 18; onset must be before age 10; chronic irritability for at least 6 months, accompanied by developmentally inappropriate temper outbursts

Question 12

major depressive disorder (MDD)

Answer 12

at least 2 weeks of depressed/sad mood or loss of interest/pleasure in activities that cause significant distress or impairment; irritability may be present instead of sadness in children and adolescents

Question 13

MDD in DSM-5 vs ICD-11

Answer 13

DSM-5: severity of depressive episode and additional features necessary for diagnosis
ICD-11: two code categories ((1) single episode depressive disorder and (2) recurrent depressive disorder))

Question 14

persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)

Answer 14

a chronic, mild form of depression; lesser intensity and longer duration than MDD; may have irritability instead of sad affect in children and adolescents

Question 15

premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Answer 15

extreme liability in mood, irritability, depressed mood or hopelessness, anxiety or tension within the week before a menstrual cycle which improve during or after menstrual onset; 2-5% of menstruating women

Question 16

mixed depressive and anxiety disorder (ICD-11 only)

Answer 16

presentations of both anxiety and depressive disorders with cluster of symptoms remaining sub-threshold for diagnosis of either; excludes manic or bipolar symptoms

Question 17

model of triadic risk for development of internalizing disorders

Answer 17

how concerns at each level (parent, individual, family systems) would shape and interact in a reciprocal manner across levels of the ecosystem

Question 18

integrative model of risk for transmission of depression from mother to child

Answer 18

proposes that heritability, depressive maternal affect and symptoms, stress within a household with a depressed parent, and neuroregulatory consequences from that environmental circumstance increase risk for depression in children

Question 19

cognitive-interpersonal theory of depression

Answer 19

proposes that cognitive style and interpersonal relationship patterns combine to result in depression

Question 20

attachment theory

Answer 20

early relationship patterns and caregiver’s responsiveness shape the child’s expectations of how they will be treated by others and how responsive others will be to their needs

Question 21

cognitive theory of depression

Answer 21

the depressive self-schema guides information processing and may produce errors in perception that are consistent with a depressive self-schema (i.e. unlovable or incompetent)

Question 22

CWD-A program

Answer 22

coping with depression; effective in reducing symptoms in children with primary diagnosis of depression

Question 23

interpersonal therapy for depressed adolescents (IPT-A)

Answer 23

focuses on resolving conflicts in current important interpersonal relationships and improving communication and relationship skills; goals to reduce depressive symptoms by improving interpersonal functioning

Question 24

attachment-based family therapy

Answer 24

objectives to reduce depressive symptoms, improve relationships, repair relationally based wounds (i.e. abandonment), and increase empathy among family members

Question 25

family-focused treatment for childhood depression (FFT-CD)

Answer 25

a 15-session program with elements of CBT, communication skills training, improving family relationships, and facilitating parenting skills that foster more within-family support

Question 26

treatment of adolescent depression study (TADS)

Answer 26

combination of CBT and medication found to be the most effective in reducing suicidality