exam 3 ch 20 Flashcards
3 components of body build
muscularity
linearity (symmetry)
fatness
what determins body size
height and weight
what does body composition refer to
chemical composition of the body
fat mass
fat free mass
3 models of body composition
chemical
anatomical
two-compartment (fat mass, fat free mass)
what does desitometry (hydrostatic weighing) measure
body density
muscle is heavier than water
fat is lighter than water
limitations of hydrostatic weighing
lung air volume confounding
conversion errors
fat free density variabel
measured on a regular scale
body mass
measured using hydrostatic weighing accounting for water density and air trapped in lungs plus GI air
body volume
equation for body density
body mass/body volume
% body fat =
(495/body density)-450
what does DEXA stand for
dual energy Xray absorptiometry
measures quantification of bone and soft tissue composition
DEXA
measures air displacmenet (instead of water)
air plethysmography (BOD POD)
margin of error for skinfold technique
3%
what is increase in fat free mass good for
power, strength, muscle endurance
not good for aerobic endurance
inappropriate use of weight standards
abused by coaches and players
can lead to decrease in performance and eating disorders
risk with severe weight loss
dehydration
chronic fatigue
female athlete triad
disordered nutrition
menstrual dysfunction
bone mineral loss
what are the 3 components of the female athlete triad
eating, menstrual and bone disorders
usually seen with women in lean-physique, low-body-weight or endurance sports
Appropriate weight standards
inappropriate standard risky for athlete health
look at body composition not total body weight
optimal range of percent body fat
recognition of sex differences
optimal weight loss
decrease fat mass increase fat free mass
caloric deficit 200-500 kcal/day
lose no more than 1-3 points a week
