Exam 2 - Textbook Terms Chapters 11 Flashcards
_________ -The second phase in the cycle of abuse, characterized by multiple incidents of violent battering.
acute battering
_________ - The first stage of rape trauma syndrome, it usually lasts a few weeks and includes severe physical symptoms (e.g., sleeplessness, loss of appetite, trembling, numbness, and pain) as well as severe emotional disturbance manifested in symptoms such as extreme fear, shame, persistent nightmares, depression, and even suicide attempts. The victim’s intellectual functioning is also likely to be impaired.
acute crisis phase
acute crisis phase - The first stage of rape trauma syndrome, it usually lasts a few _________ and includes severe physical symptoms (e.g., sleeplessness, loss of appetite, trembling, numbness, and pain) as well as severe _________ disturbance manifested in symptoms such as extreme fear, shame, persistent nightmares, depression, and even suicide attempts. The victim’s intellectual functioning is also likely to be impaired.
- weeks
- emotional
_________ - A hypothesized syndrome (an identifiable cluster of symptoms) suffered by women who have been victims of long-term abuse. Used in the legal system to explain why a battered woman does not escape her abuser or seek assistance and to explain why a battered woman might injure or kill her abuser. The scientific validity of the syndrome has been questioned.
-battered woman syndrome (BWS)
battered woman syndrome (BWS) - A hypothesized syndrome (an identifiable cluster of symptoms) suffered by women who have been victims of _________ abuse. Used in the legal system to explain why a battered woman does not escape her abuser or seek assistance and to explain why a battered woman might injure or kill her _________. The scientific validity of the syndrome has been questioned.
- long-term
- abuser
_________ - Outside of people’s common knowledge and understanding. Expert testimony must provide new and relevant information that is beyond the ken of jurors.
beyond the ken
_________ - A dubious and highly publicized psychological disorder in which the experience of racial oppression causes a black person’s criminal actions; used in court to excuse criminal behavior.
black rage syndrome
_________ - A severe personality disorder characterized by unstable relationships, dramatic mood swings, manipulativeness, intense fear of abandonment, and impulsive outbursts.
borderline personality disorder
_________ - A dubious psychological disorder that presumably causes the afflicted to be chronically late to meetings, work, and other activities; used in court to excuse irresponsible behavior.
chronic late syndrome
_________ - The third stage in the cycle of abuse, characterized by the batterer’s being overcome with remorse and treating the victim with kindness, expressing regret for hurting the victim, and promising to never hurt the victim again.
contrition
_________ - Puzzling behaviors by victims of sexual violence after their victimization— that is, behaviors contrary to what jurors might expect.
counterintuitive victim behavior (CIVB)
_________ - A hypothesized cycle of recurring phases in a violent relationship: tension building, followed by acute battering, followed by contrition (and then back to tension building).
cycle of abuse
_________ - Bias arising when experimenters collecting data are aware of the hypotheses of the study, leading to the possibility that the experimenters may intentionally or unintentionally influence the responses of the participants.
experimenter bias
_________ - A guide for when expert testimony on sexual assault victims’ behavior should be admitted and what type of testimony should be allowed.
five-level model of expert testimony
_________ - A type of batterer who is generally predisposed to violent behavior toward the people around the batterer. The batterer tends to be antisocial, prone to impulsive behavior, and dependent on alcohol or other drugs. This type of batterer shows the highest recidivism rate.
generally violent antisocial batterer
generally violent antisocial batterer - A type of batterer who is generally predisposed to violent behavior toward the people around the batterer. The batterer tends to be _________, prone to impulsive behavior, and dependent on alcohol or other drugs. This type of batterer shows the highest _________ rate.
- antisocial
- recidivism
__________ - A state of heightened sensitivity and attention to the environment to detect danger (e.g., a battered woman’s heightened attentiveness to the abuser’s subtle behaviors).
hypervigilance
__________ - Severe harm likely to be inflicted in the immediate future; a requirement for self-defense claims.
imminent bodily harm
__________ - Sexual violence, physical violence, stalking, or psychological aggression perpetrated by a current or former spouse, boyfriend, girlfriend, dating partner, or ongoing sexual partner.
intimate partner violence
__________ - Interfere with the jury’s essential role as a fact-finder.
invade the province of the jury (or usurp the role of the jury)
__________ - A judge’s instruction informing jurors that they can disregard a strict interpretation of the law if such an interpretation would result in an unjust verdict.
judicial nullification instruction
judicial nullification instruction - A judge’s instruction informing jurors that they can disregard a strict interpretation of the law if such an interpretation would result in an __________ verdict.
unjust
__________ - A phenomenon in which the subject learns over a period of time that attempts to escape from, control, or resist unpleasant conditions are futile; the subject then feels helpless in the face of the conditions and becomes resigned to them, including by not attempting to control or escape the conditions even when the opportunity arises.
learned helplessness
__________ - There was no easy way to avoid confrontation or to leave the situation; in some states, this is a requirement for self-defense claims.
no reasonable avenue of escape existed
