Exam 2 - Lecture's 10 Flashcards
-USA-
Crime rates have declined yet…
Highest rate of _________
incarceration
-Cost of incarceration expensive-
Costs $_______ per prisoner per year
-$60,000 for elderly prisoners
23,000
-Why do we punish?-
- General deterrence
- _________ deterrence
Individual
-Why do we punish?-
_________ – removing the person from situation where they can do bad, sellign drugs etc.
Incapacitation
-Why do we punish?-
_________ – getting back at the person – sending your wife’s killer to jail
Retribution
-Why do we punish?-
_________ – Society decides to make a particular drug illegal or something like making child pornography illegal
Moral outrage
-Why do we punish?-
_________ – we want to fix the people who have done something wrong
Rehabilitation
-Why do we punish?-
_________ – individuals when punished should be giving something back to community (graffiti – has to clean up park)
Restitution
-Why do we punish?-
- Original purpose of prisons = _________
- Today, most believe that prisons are NOT effective at rehabilitation
- -Criminal sentences are _________
- -Prison conditions are harsher
- Public wants to PUNISH more than rehabilitate
- rehabilitation
- longer
-Why do we punish?-
- Original purpose of prisons = rehabilitation
- Today, most believe that prisons are _________ at rehabilitation
- -Criminal sentences are longer
- -Prison conditions are _________
- Public wants to _________ more than rehabilitate
- NOT effective
- harsher
- PUNISH
Prisons started with good intentions
- Remove _________ from negative influences in the real-world
- Overcrowding means offender is mixed with more “_________ influences”
- offender
- negative
Sentencing is done by _________ but that is changing
Judges
Sentencing is controlled by _________
legislators
Determinate sentencing: Fixed + _________
-Aim is to punish
no parole
-Sentencing-
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Intensively supervised probations Daily check-in Random drug testing Stay away from certain people (other drug dealers) Work/school
Intermediate sanctions
_________ = individuals who commit crimes who are under the age of 18.
Juvenile Offenders
Why treat juveniles differently? (Steinberg, 2001)
- Heightened Vulnerability to _________
- Lack of Miranda understanding
- _________ decision making ability
- Lack “future orientation” – focus on present
- Coercion
- Diminished
Why treat juveniles differently? (Steinberg, 2001)
- Poor _________ Control (underdeveloped pre-frontal cortex)
- Greater risk taking (especially in groups)
- 90% of juvenile 1st time offenders will not become adult _________
- impulse
- criminals
Why treat juveniles differently? (Steinberg, 2001)
- Heightened Vulnerability to Coercion
- Lack of _________ understanding
- Diminished decision making ability
- Lack “future orientation” – focus on _________
- Miranda
- present
Why treat juveniles differently? (Steinberg, 2001)
- Poor impulse Control (underdeveloped pre-frontal cortex)
- Greater _________ (especially in groups)
- 90% of juvenile 1st time offenders will not become adult criminals
risk taking
_________ – we can look ahead, what might happen in future if make this decision now
future orientation
Juvenile offenders
-Individual under the age of 18 who commits a _________ offense
felony
Juveniles tried as adults (waiver required)
- The juvenile is charged with a particularly _________ offense.
- The juvenile has a lengthy juvenile record.
- The minor is older. (___ in most states)
- Past rehabilitation efforts for the juvenile have been unsuccessful.
- Youth services would have to work with the juvenile offender for _________
- serious
- 16+
- a long time.
Juveniles tried as adults (waiver required)
- The juvenile is charged with a particularly serious offense.
- The juvenile has a lengthy _________ record.
- The minor is older. (16+ in most states)
- Past rehabilitation efforts for the juvenile have been _________ .
- Youth services would have to work with the juvenile offender for a long time.
- juvenile
- unsuccessful
