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Forensic & Legal Psychology 400 > Exam 2 - Lecture's 10 > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Lecture's 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

-USA-

Crime rates have declined yet…
Highest rate of _________

A

incarceration

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2
Q

-Cost of incarceration expensive-

Costs $_______ per prisoner per year
-$60,000 for elderly prisoners

A

23,000

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3
Q

-Why do we punish?-

  • General deterrence
  • _________ deterrence
A

Individual

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4
Q

-Why do we punish?-

_________ – removing the person from situation where they can do bad, sellign drugs etc.

A

Incapacitation

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5
Q

-Why do we punish?-

_________ – getting back at the person – sending your wife’s killer to jail

A

Retribution

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6
Q

-Why do we punish?-

_________ – Society decides to make a particular drug illegal or something like making child pornography illegal

A

Moral outrage

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7
Q

-Why do we punish?-

_________ – we want to fix the people who have done something wrong

A

Rehabilitation

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8
Q

-Why do we punish?-

_________ – individuals when punished should be giving something back to community (graffiti – has to clean up park)

A

Restitution

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9
Q

-Why do we punish?-

  • Original purpose of prisons = _________
  • Today, most believe that prisons are NOT effective at rehabilitation
  • -Criminal sentences are _________
  • -Prison conditions are harsher
  • Public wants to PUNISH more than rehabilitate
A
  • rehabilitation

- longer

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10
Q

-Why do we punish?-

  • Original purpose of prisons = rehabilitation
  • Today, most believe that prisons are _________ at rehabilitation
  • -Criminal sentences are longer
  • -Prison conditions are _________
  • Public wants to _________ more than rehabilitate
A
  • NOT effective
  • harsher
  • PUNISH
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11
Q

Prisons started with good intentions

  • Remove _________ from negative influences in the real-world
  • Overcrowding means offender is mixed with more “_________ influences”
A
  • offender

- negative

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12
Q

Sentencing is done by _________ but that is changing

A

Judges

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13
Q

Sentencing is controlled by _________

A

legislators

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14
Q

Determinate sentencing: Fixed + _________

-Aim is to punish

A

no parole

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15
Q

-Sentencing-

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ -
Intensively supervised probations
Daily check-in
Random drug testing
Stay away from certain people (other drug dealers)
Work/school
A

Intermediate sanctions

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16
Q

_________ = individuals who commit crimes who are under the age of 18.

A

Juvenile Offenders

17
Q

Why treat juveniles differently? (Steinberg, 2001)

  • Heightened Vulnerability to _________
  • Lack of Miranda understanding
  • _________ decision making ability
  • Lack “future orientation” – focus on present
A
  • Coercion

- Diminished

18
Q

Why treat juveniles differently? (Steinberg, 2001)

  • Poor _________ Control (underdeveloped pre-frontal cortex)
  • Greater risk taking (especially in groups)
  • 90% of juvenile 1st time offenders will not become adult _________
A
  • impulse

- criminals

19
Q

Why treat juveniles differently? (Steinberg, 2001)

  • Heightened Vulnerability to Coercion
  • Lack of _________ understanding
  • Diminished decision making ability
  • Lack “future orientation” – focus on _________
A
  • Miranda

- present

20
Q

Why treat juveniles differently? (Steinberg, 2001)

  • Poor impulse Control (underdeveloped pre-frontal cortex)
  • Greater _________ (especially in groups)
  • 90% of juvenile 1st time offenders will not become adult criminals
A

risk taking

21
Q

_________ – we can look ahead, what might happen in future if make this decision now

A

future orientation

22
Q

Juvenile offenders

-Individual under the age of 18 who commits a _________ offense

A

felony

23
Q

Juveniles tried as adults (waiver required)

  • The juvenile is charged with a particularly _________ offense.
  • The juvenile has a lengthy juvenile record.
  • The minor is older. (___ in most states)
  • Past rehabilitation efforts for the juvenile have been unsuccessful.
  • Youth services would have to work with the juvenile offender for _________
A
  • serious
  • 16+
  • a long time.
24
Q

Juveniles tried as adults (waiver required)

  • The juvenile is charged with a particularly serious offense.
  • The juvenile has a lengthy _________ record.
  • The minor is older. (16+ in most states)
  • Past rehabilitation efforts for the juvenile have been _________ .
  • Youth services would have to work with the juvenile offender for a long time.
A
  • juvenile

- unsuccessful

25
Q

-Juvenile Offenders-

Arguments for transfer-

  • Trial by jury (minors do not have this right)
  • -Juries more _________ to a minor
  • -Saves _________ – juvenile court cases often fill up
A
  • sympathetic

- time

26
Q

-Juvenile Offenders-

Arguments against transfer-

Juvenile subject to the possibility of a more _________ sentence (e.g., life without parole)

  • -Potentially unethical?
  • -High risk for abuse in prison
  • Rehabilitation _________ likely/successful
  • Recidivism
  • Bigger impact on life _________
A
  • severe
  • less
  • record
27
Q

_________ = offenders committing crimes again in the future.

A

Recidivism

28
Q

Juveniles are not _________ (both cognitively and socially) culpable to the same extent as adults

A

developmentally

29
Q

Taking juveniles out of their homes – is highly related to increases in _________

A

recidivism

30
Q

Therapy/rehabilitation greatly reduces likelihood of juvenile _________ – legislatures however may be resistant to implementing _________ (despite public’s willingness)

A
  • crime

- changes

Forensic & Legal Psychology 400 (18 decks)

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