Exam 2 (part 3)

Question 1

Which CVC is most often placed?

Answer 1

PICC

Question 2

How long should the patient be in the decubitus position before making an exposure?

Answer 2

5 minutes

Question 3

What are the various planes of the body?

Answer 3

Coronal, sagittal, horizontal, oblique

Question 4

Difference between a plane and a line?

Answer 4

Plane is a flat surface

Line is a theoretical line drawn through anatomical structures and are used to describe anatomical location

Question 5

What are the 4 types of body habitus?

Answer 5

Hypersthenic, hyposthenic, sthenic, asthenic

Question 6

Hypersthenic

Answer 6

5% of population, build: massive, abdomen: long, Thorax: short, broad and deep, pelvis: narrow

Heart: axis is nearly transverse, Lungs: short, apices at or near clavicles, diaphragm: high, stomach: high, transverse, and in the middle, colon: around periphery of abdomen, gallbladder: high, outside, lies more parallel

Question 7

sthenic

Answer 7

50% of population, build: moderately heavy, abdomen: moderately long, thorax: moderatley short, broad and deep, pelvis: moderately small

Heart: moderatley transverse, lungs: moderate length, diaphragm: moderately high

stomach: High, upper left
colon: spread evenly, slight dip in transverse colon
gallbladder: centered on right side, upper abdomen

Question 8

Hyposthenic

Answer 8

35%, hardest to classify. Build: average to slender, abdomen: average, thorax: average, pelvis: relatively small, heart: more vertical and at mid line to left

Question 9

Asthenic

Answer 9

10% of population, build: thin and frail, abdomen: short, thorax: long and shallow, pelvis: wide
Herat: nearly vertical and at midline
Lungs: long, apices above clavicles, may be broader above base
Diaphragm: low
Stomach: Low and medial, in the pelvis when standing
Gallbladder: low and near the midline

Question 10

Abdomen quadrants

Answer 10

RUQ: right lobe of liver, gallbladder, right kidney, portion of stomach, part of small intestine, part of large intestine
LUQ: Left lobe of liver, stomach, tail of pancreas, left kidney, spleen, part of large intestine
RLQ: Cecum, appendix, part of small intestine, right ureter, right reproductive organs
LLQ: Most of small intestine, part of large intestine, left ureter, left reproductive organs

Question 11

Abdomen reigions

Answer 11

Right hypochondrium, epigastrium, left hypochondrium, right lateral, umbilical, left lateral, right inguinal, hypogastrium, left inguinal

Question 12

Ascites

Answer 12

Fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity

Question 13

Atelectasis

Answer 13

Collapse of all or part of the lung

Question 14

Hemothorax

Answer 14

Blood in pleural space

Question 15

Pleural effusion

Answer 15

Fluid in the pleura space

Question 16

Pneumothorax

Answer 16

Air in the pleural space

Question 17

CCU & ICU

Answer 17

Purpose: Critical condition, post open heart
Patient condition: sedated, medicated, intubated, unconscious
Challenegs: lines, catheters, chest tubes, intubated, drains, IVs, NG, pillows, monitors, moving patient
Common exams: Chest, abdomen

Question 18

NICU

Answer 18

Neonatal intensive care unit
conditions: incubator, respiratory distress
Challenges: IR size & tray, technique, positioning, lines, IV’s, monitors, cross infection
Common exams: chest, abdomen, clavilce

Question 19

PACU

Answer 19

Post anesthesia care unit
Purpose: monitor patients who have just come out of surgery
conditions: groggy, unconscious, starting to feel pain, cold
Challenges: IV’s, splints, restraints, wounds, catheters, lines, drains, suergons, anesthesiologist, RN’s, protecting coworkers & nearby patients
Finding patient
Common exams: chest, hip, knee