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Functional Anatomy > Exam #2 - Lower Limb > Flashcards

Exam #2 - Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Coxafemoral Joint is considered what type of joint

A

Ball and socket

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2
Q

Coxafemoral Joint degrees of freedom

A

3 - sagittal, frontal & horizontal

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3
Q

The femoral head is secured within the ________ by an extensive set of connective ________ & ______

A

The femoral head is secured within the acetabulum by an extensive set of connective tissues & muscles

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4
Q

Coxafemoral open-pack position
Capsule/lig & bony

A

Capsule/lig - 30° of flexion + 30° of abduction + slight external rotation
Bony - anything besides closed pack

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5
Q

Coxafemoral closed-pack position
Capsule/lig & bony

A

Capsule/lig - full ext + internal rotation + abduction
Bony - 30° of flexion + 30° of abduction + slight external rotation

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6
Q

The close-packed positioned for CFJ is the most ligamentous ____ positioned whereas the open-packed positioned is most ____ congruent positioned

A

taught
bony

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7
Q

The CFJ relies more on the ____ subsystem (form closure) for stability

A

Passive

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8
Q

Hip ABD & ADD happens in what plane of motion

A

Frontal plane

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9
Q

The weight bearing limb is referred to as the

A

Support hip

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10
Q

Pelvis-on-femoral applies to what rule

A

Convex on concave

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11
Q

What rule applied to femoral-on-pelvis

A

concave on convex

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12
Q

Posterior pelvic tilt results in flexion of the ________ spine (hip ext)

A

lumbar spine

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12
Q

Posterior pelvic tilt results in flexion of the ________ spine (hip ext)

A

lumbar spine

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13
Q

Pelvic tilt happens in what plane of motion

A

Sagittal plane

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14
Q

Anterior pelvic tilt results in flexion of the ________ spine (hip flx)

A

Lumbar spine

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15
Q

Hip IR & ER happen in what plane of motion

A

Horizontal plane

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16
Q

Knee flx & ext happen in what plane of motion

A

Sagittal plane

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17
Q

What rule applies to hip (pelvis-on-femoral) IR & ER

A

convex on concave

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18
Q

What rule applies to hip (femoral-on-pelvis) IR & ER

A

concave on convex

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19
Q

short arc of motion within the sagittal plane about a medial-to- lateral axis through both femoral heads

A

pelvic tilt

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20
Q

The direction of pelvic tilt - either anterior or posterior - is based on the

A

direction of rotation of a point on the iliac crest

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21
Q

Full pelvic-on-femoral rotation relies on an

A

ipsidirectional lumbopelvic rhythm

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22
Q

During hip internal rotation the iliac crest on the side of the nonsupport hip rotates ____ in the horizontal plane

A

ventral (post pelvic tilt)

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23
Q

During hip external rotation the iliac crest on the side of the nonsupport hip rotates ____ in the horizontal plane

A

dorsal (ant pelvic tilt)

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24
Q

The proximal tibiofibular joint is anatomically at the knee but functionally it is associated with the _______ _______ mobility

A

ankle joint mobility

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25
Q

The tibiofemoral joint is considered what type of joint

A

condyloid joint

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26
Q

Joint stability is provided by ____ & physical containment provided by muscles, ligaments, ______, ______ & body weight

A

Joint stability is provided by **forces **& physical containment provided by muscles, ligaments, capsule, menisci, & body weight

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27
Q

Tibiofemoral joint degrees of freedom

A

2 - sagittal & horizontal

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28
Q

Tibiofemoral joint function

A

Promote all bipedal/unipodal activities

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29
Q

TFJ open-pack position

A

25° flexion

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30
Q

TFJ closed-pack position

A

full ext + external rotation of tibia (screw home)

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31
Q

TFJ motions in the sagittal plane

A

flexion & extension

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32
Q

Axis of flx/ext of TFJ in the sagittal plane

A

medial-lateral

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33
Q

Extension of meniscotibial joint

Anterior meniscus moves ____ on tibia

tibiofemoral (distal on proximal)

A

Anterior meniscus moves anterior on tibia

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34
Q

Distal-on-proximal extension of tibiofemoral joint

A

CC tibia roll/slide anterior

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35
Q

**Distal-on-proximal ** extension of meniscofemoral joint

A

Post. meniscus moves anterior-distal on femur
Ant. meniscus moves anterior-proximal on the femur

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36
Q

Proximal-on-distal extension of tibiofemoral joint

CV femur rolls ____ & slides ____ on the tibia

A

CV femur rolls anterior & slides posterior on the tibia

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37
Q

Proximal-on-distal extension of meniscotibial joint

Anterior meniscus translates ____ on the tibia

A

Anterior meniscus translates anterior on the tibia

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38
Q

Proximal-on-distal extension of meniscofemoral joint

Post/Ant meniscus

A

Post. meniscus - Femur moves past the meniscus in a Posterior-proximal direction
Ant. meniscus - Femur moves past the meniscus in a Posterior-distal direction

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39
Q

Distal-on-proximal flexion of tibiofemoral joint

Tibia rolls & slides ____ & ____

A

Tibia rolls & slides posterior & superior

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40
Q

Distal-on-proximal flexion of meniscotibial joint

Posterior meniscus moves ____ on the tibia

A

Posterior meniscus moves posterior on the tibia

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41
Q

Distal-on-proximal flexion of meniscofemoral joint

A

Post. meniscus moves posterior-proximal on the femur
Ant. meniscus moves posterior-distal on the femur

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42
Q

Proximal-on-distal flexion of tibiofemoral joint

Femur rolls ____ and slides ____ on the tibia

A

Femur rolls posterior and slides anterior on the tibia

43
Q

Proximal-on-distal flexion of meniscotibial joint

Posterior Meniscus translates ________ on the Tibia

A

Posterior meniscus translates posterior on the Tibia

44
Q

Proximal-on-distal flexion of meniscofemoral joint

Post. meniscus: Femur moves past the meniscus in an ______-______ direction
Ant. meniscus: Femur moves past the meniscus in an ______-______ direction

A

Post. meniscus: Femur moves past the meniscus in an anterior-distal direction

Ant. meniscus: Femur moves past the meniscus in an anterior-proximal direction

45
Q

Motions of the TFJ in the horizontal plane

A

Internal/external rotation
(concave on convex)

46
Q

External rotation of TFJ

Concave tibia spins ____ on the convexity of the femoral condyles

A

Concave tibia spins laterally on the convexity of the femoral condyles

47
Q

Internal rotation of TFJ

Concave tibia spins ____ on the convexity of the femoral condyles

A

Concave tibia spins medially on the convexity of the femoral condyles

48
Q

During rotation of the tibiofemoral joint the menisci ____ with the femur

A

During rotation of the tibiofemoral joint the menisci stay with the femur

49
Q

What happens to the menisci during ER of the TFJ

Lateral Meniscus translates ________ on tibia
Medial Meniscus translates ________ on tibia

A

Lateral Meniscus translates anterior on tibia

Medial Meniscus translates posterior on tibia

50
Q

What happens to the menisci during IR of the TFJ

Lateral Meniscus translates ________ on tibia
Medial Meniscus translates ________ on tibia

A

Lateral Meniscus translates posterior on tibia

Medial Meniscus translates anterior on tibia

51
Q

Distal-on-proximal movements of the patellofemoral joint

____ slides relative to the fixed ____

A

patella slides relative to the fixed femur

52
Q

Proximal-on-distal movements of the patellofemoral joint

____ slides relative to the fixed ____

A

femur slides relative to the fixed patella

53
Q
  • Acts as a “spacer” between the femur & the quadriceps to increase the internal moment arm of the knee extensor mechanism
  • lengthens the quadriceps muscle (50%)
A

Function of the patelofemoral joint

54
Q

Proximal tibiofibular joint is classified as what type of joint

A

plane/gliding joint

55
Q

Distal tibiofibular joint is classified as what type of joint

A

Syndesmosis joint

56
Q

Talocrural joint is classified as what type of joint

A

Modified hinge joint

57
Q

Subtalar joint is classified as what type of joint

A

Complex joint

58
Q

Transverse tarsal joint is classified as what type of joint

A

Midtarsal joint

59
Q

Distal intertarsal joint is classified as what type of joint

A

Planar joint

60
Q

The tarsometatarsal joint is also known as the

A

Lisfranc’s joint

61
Q

The metatarsophalangeal joint consists of

A
  • Convex heads of the metatarsals
  • Concavity of proximal end of phalanx
62
Q

Function of Proximal Tibiofibular Joint

Accommodates rotation of the tibia during ____ motion and ____ motion of the foot.

A

Accommodates rotation of the tibia during knee motion and triplanar motion of the foot.

63
Q

Function of Distal Tibiofibular Joint

Promotes stability of the ____ ____

A

Promotes stability of the talocrural joint

64
Q

Function of Transverse Tarsal Joint

Allows the weight-bearing foot to adapt to a variety of ____ ____

A

Allows the weight-bearing foot to adapt to a variety of surface contours

65
Q

Considered the most versatile joint in the foot

A

Transverse tarsal joint

66
Q

Function of Distal Intertarsal Joints

  • Assist the transverse tarsal joint in ____ & ____ the midfoot
  • Provides stability across the midfoot by forming the ____ ____ of the foot
A
  • Assist the transverse tarsal joint in pronating & supinating the midfoot
  • Provides stability across the midfoot by forming the** transverse arch** of the foot
67
Q

The five tarsometatarsal joints seperate the ____ from the ____

A

The five tarsometatarsal joints separate the midfoot from the forefoot

68
Q

Only the first ____ joint has a well-developed capsule

A

Only the first tarsometatarsal joint has a well-developed capsule

69
Q

Talocrural joint degrees of freedom

A

1 - sagittal

70
Q

Subtalar joint degrees of freedom

A

3 - sagittal, frontal & horizontal

71
Q

Transverse tarsal joint degrees of freedom

A

3 - sagittal, frontal & horizontal

72
Q

Metatarsophalangeal joint degrees of freedom

A

2 - sagittal & horizontal

73
Q

Talocrural joint axis of rotation

Lateral malleolus is inferior & posterior to the ____ ____
* 10° in the ____ plane
* 6° in the ____ plane

A

Lateral malleolus is inferior & posterior to the medial malleolus
* 10° in the frontal plane
* 6° in the horizontal plane

74
Q

Talocrural Joint closed-packed position

A

Maximum dorsiflexion

75
Q

Talocrural Joint open-packed positioned

A

10° of plantar flexion; midway between maximum inversion & eversion

76
Q

Axis of TCJ

A

Anterior-medial-dorsal to posterior-lateral-plantar

77
Q

What rule applied to the motions Dorsi- & plantar flexion of TCJ

A

Convex on concave

78
Q

Motions that occur in the sagittal plane of the TCJ

A

Dorsiflexion
Plantarflexion

79
Q

Dorsiflexion of TCJ

Convex talus rolls ____ & slides
____ on the concavity of the mortise

A

Convex talus rolls anterior & slides posteriorly on the concavity of the mortise

80
Q

Plantarflexion of TCJ

Convex talus rolls ____ & slides ____ on the concavity of the mortise

A

Convex talus rolls posteriorly & slides anteriorly on the concavity of the mortise

81
Q

The subtalar joint consists of 3 articulations between the posterior, middle, & anterior facets of the ____ & the ____

A

The subtalar joint consists of 3 articulations between the posterior, middle, & anterior facets of the calcaneous& the talus

82
Q

Subtalar joint close-packed position

A

Maximum supination (PF, IV, ADD)

83
Q

Subtalar joint open-packed position

A

Midway between extremes range of movement

84
Q

Pronation & supination is made up of what other motions?

A

Pronation: DF + EV + ABD
Supination: PF + IN + ADD

85
Q

STJ axis of rotation in the frontal plane

A

Dorsal-Distal-Medial to Plantar-Proximal-Lateral

86
Q

Supination of STJ

Convex calcaneus rolls ____ & slides ____ on the concavity of the talus

A

Convex calcaneus rolls medially & slides laterally on the concavity of the talus

87
Q

Pronation of STJ

Convex calcaneus rolls ____ & slides ____ on the concavity of the talus

A

Convex calcaneus rolls laterally & slides medially on the concavity of the talus

88
Q

Transverse tarsal joint close-packed position

A

Maximum supination

89
Q

TTJ open-packed position

A

Midway between extremes of range of movement

90
Q

TTJ axis of rotation (all planes)

A

Dorsal-Distal-Medial to Plantar-Proximal-Lateral

91
Q

Supination of TTJ

Concave naviculum spins ____ & ____ on the convexity of the head of the talus

A

Concave naviculum spins dorsal & lateral on the convexity of the head of the talus

92
Q

Pronation of TTJ

Concave naviculum spins ____ & ____ on the convexity of the head of the talus

A

Concave naviculum spins plantar & medial on the convexity of the head of the talus

93
Q

Pronation/Supination of the TTJ occurs in what plane of motion

A

Frontal, horizontal & sagittal

94
Q

Dorsiflexion/Plantarflexion of the TTJ occurs in what plane of motion

A

Frontal, horizontal & sagittal

95
Q

Dorsiflexion of TTJ

Concave naviculum rolls & slides ____-____ on the convexity of the head of the talus

A

Concave naviculum rolls & slides dorsal-distal on the convexity of the head of the talus

96
Q

Plantarflexion of TTJ

Concave naviculum rolls & slides ____-____ on the convexity of the head of the talus

A

Concave naviculum rolls & slides plantar-proximal on the convexity of the head of the talus

97
Q

Plane of motion for MTPJ flexion/extension

A

Sagittal

98
Q

Plane of motion for MTPJ ABD/ADD

A

Horizontal

99
Q

Axis for MTPJ flx/ext

A

medial-lateral

100
Q

Axis for MTPJ ABD/ADD

A

Vertical

101
Q

Flexion of MTPJ

Concave phalanx rolls & slides ____ on the convexity of the head of metatarsal

A

Concave phalanx rolls & slides plantar on the convexity of the head of metatarsal

102
Q

Extension of MTPJ

Concave phalanx rolls & slides ____ on the convexity of the head of metatarsal

A

Concave phalanx rolls & slides dorsal on the convexity of the head of metatarsal

103
Q

Abduction of MTPJ

A

1st MTP concave phalanx rolls & slides medial

104
Q

Adduction of MTPJ

1st MTP concave phalanx rolls & slides ______

A

1st MTP concave phalanx rolls & slides lateral

Functional Anatomy (17 decks)

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