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Functional Anatomy > Exam #2 - Ankle & Foot > Flashcards

Exam #2 - Ankle & Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Bones of the ankle (3)

A
  1. Tibia
  2. Fibula
  3. Talus
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2
Q

Joints of the ankle (3)

A
  1. Talocrural joint
  2. Proximal tibiofibular joint
  3. Distal tibiofibular joint
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3
Q

Bones that make-up the rearfoot (2)

A
  1. Calcaneus
  2. Talus
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4
Q

Bones that make-up the midfoot (3)

A
  1. Navicular
  2. Cuboid
  3. Cuneiforms
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5
Q

Bones that make-up the forefoot (2)

A
  1. Metatarsals
  2. Phalanges
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6
Q

Joint that makes up the rearfoot

A

Subtalar joint

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7
Q

Joints that make-up the midfoot (2)

A
  1. Transverse tarsal joint
  2. Distal intertarsal joint
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8
Q

Joints that make-up the forefoot (4)

A
  1. Tarsometatarsal
  2. intermetatarsal
  3. metatarsophalangeal
  4. interphalangeal
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9
Q

Plantar flexion & Dorsiflexion of ankle

Axis of rotation:
Plane of motion:

A

Axis of rotation: Medial-lateral
Plane of motion: Sagittal

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10
Q

Inversion & Eversion of ankle

Axis of rotation:
Plane of motion:

A

Axis of rotation: Anterior-posterior
Plane of motion: Frontal

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11
Q

Abduction & Adduction of ankle

Axis of rotation:
Plane of motion:

A

Axis of rotation: Vertical
Plane of motion: Horizontal

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12
Q

Ligaments of the Distal Tibiofibular Joint (3)

A
  1. Interosseous Ligament
  2. Anterior tibiofibular ligament
  3. Posterior tibiofibular ligament
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13
Q

Why are some childrens feet have an inverted appearance?

A

The head of the talus is projected medially ~40-50°

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14
Q

Distal tibia is twisted 20-30° externally relative to proximal end

A

Lateral tibial torsion

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15
Q

The head of the talus is ~30° medial to the ____ plane

A

Sagittal plane

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16
Q

Movements that stretch or elongate Deltoid ligament (tibiotalar fibers) (2)

A
  1. Eversion
  2. Dorsiflexion
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17
Q

Movements that stretch or elongate Deltoid ligament (tibionavicular fibers) (4)

A
  1. Eversion
  2. Plantar flexion
  3. Eversion
  4. Abduction
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18
Q

Movement that stretch or elongate Deltoid ligament (tibiocalcaneal fibers)

A

Eversion

19
Q

Movements that stretch or elongate Anterior talofibular ligament (3)

A
  1. Plantar flexion
  2. Inversion
  3. Adduction
20
Q

Movements that stretch or elongate Calcaneofibular ligament (2)

A
  1. Dorsiflexion
  2. Inversion
21
Q

Movements that stretch or elongate Posterior talofibular ligament (3)

A
  1. Dorsiflexion
  2. Abduction
  3. Inversion
22
Q

What ligaments cross the talocrural & subtalar joint?

A
  1. Deltoid ligament (tibiocalcaneal fibers)
  2. Calcaneofibular ligament
23
Q

Subtalar joint involves what 2 bones

A

Calcaneus + talus

24
Q

Limits excessive inversion at subtalar joint

A

Calcaneofibular ligament

25
Q

Limits excessive eversion at subtalar joint

A

Tibiocalcaneal fibers of deltoid ligament

26
Q
  • Both ligaments bind the talus with the calcaneus
  • Limit the extremes of all motions (esp. inversion)
A
  1. Interosseous (talocalcaneal)
  2. Cervical ligament
27
Q

Transverse Tarsal Joint consistd of what 2 joints

A
  1. Talonavicular joint
  2. Calcaneocuboid Joint
28
Q

Talonavicular Joint Orientation

Joint surfaces:
Orientation:

A

Joint surfaces: CV talus, CC Naviculum
Orientation: dorsal distal to plantar proximal

29
Q

Calcaneocuboid Joint Orientation

Joint surfaces:
Orientation:

A

Joint surfaces: flat
Orientation: perpendicular to plantar foot

30
Q

Interosseous ligaments reinforces

A

Posterior capsule

31
Q

Dorsal talonavicular ligament reinforces

A

Capsule dorsally

32
Q

Anterior (tibionavicular) fibers reinforces

A

Capsule medially

33
Q

Dorsal calcaneocuboid ligament reinforces

A

Capsule dorsal-laterally

34
Q

Bifurcated ligament (calcaneocuboid fibers) reinforces

A

Capsule dorsally

35
Q

Long and short plantar ligaments reinforces

A

Capsule medially

36
Q

3 main arches of the foot

A
  1. Medial longitudinal arch
  2. Lateral longitudinal arch
  3. Transverse arch
37
Q

Mechanisms of Arches
1. Osseous relationship of the ____ & ____ bones
2. Ligamentous support from the plantar ____ & plantar ____
3. Muscle support

A
  1. Osseous relationship of the tarsal & metatarsal bones
  2. Ligamentous support from the plantar aponeurosis & plantar ligaments
  3. Muscle support
38
Q

Primary load bearing & shock-absorbing structure of the foot

A

Medial longitudinal Arch

39
Q

Bones that form the medial arch (5)

A
  1. Calcaneus
  2. Talus
  3. Navicular
  4. Cuneiforms
  5. Three medial metatarsals
40
Q

Talonavicular joint is considered the…

A

Keystone

41
Q

Structures assisting in shock absorption (4)

A
  1. Plantar fat pads
  2. Sesamoid bones
  3. Plantar fascia
  4. Active fascia
  5. Active muscular forces
42
Q

Cuboideonavicular joint orientation

A

Perpendicular to dorsum of foot

43
Q

Consists of the…
* Cuneonavicular joint
* Cuboideonavicular joint
* Intercuneiform & Cuneocuboid joint comflex

A

Transverse tarsal joint

44
Q

Consists of the…
* Base of the metatarsals
* 3 cuneiforms
* Cuboid

A

Tarsometatarsal joint

Functional Anatomy (17 decks)

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