Exam 2 Cervical Spine Part 1

Question 1

T/F: The cervical spine is associated with fewer muscles than any other region of the spine.

Answer 1

False; associated with more muscle than any other

Question 2

What is the most mobile region of the vertebral column?

Answer 2

cervical spine

Question 3

What are the two main jobs of the cervical spine?

Answer 3

maintaining head posture and allowing a great deal of mobility

Question 4

T/F: The cervical curve is the least distinct of spinal curves.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

T/F: The cervical curve is considered a primary curve.

Answer 5

False; considered secondary (compensatory)

Question 6

What bones make up the upper cervical spine?

Answer 6

occiput, atlas, and axis

Question 7

What is the most complex region of the axial skeleton?

Answer 7

upper cervical spine

Question 8

T/F: there are no IVD in the upper cervical spine.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What type of orthogonal motion is greatest at the Atlanto-occipital articulation?

Answer 9

combined thetaX (flexion/extension)

Question 10

What type of orthogonal motion is greatest at the atlanto-axial articulation?

Answer 10

one sided thetaY (axial rotation)

Question 11

T/F: The superior articular processes of Atlas are convex and face slightly medial.

Answer 11

False; are concave and face slightly medial.

Question 12

T/F: The shapes of the anatomy at the atlanto-occipital articulation allow for great rotation.

Answer 12

False; cuplike structure allows for little rotation

Question 13

What is the range of X axis rotation at occiput-atlas?

Answer 13

mean value between 14-35 degrees

Question 14

What is the range of Y axis rotation at occiput-atlas?

Answer 14

4-8 degrees

Question 15

Why is lateral flexion at occiput-atlas unique?

Answer 15

Not “physiological” because the occiput is unseated from the joint on this side

Question 16

What motion is limited at occiput-atlas by the alar ligament?

Answer 16

Z axis rotation

Question 17

Does the inferior articular process of C1 face slightly medial or lateral?

Answer 17

medial

Question 18

T/F: The combined theta X rotation at C1-C2 has a range of 20 degrees.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

T/F: Most dens have a slight curvature.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

T/F: C2 allows for lots of X axis rotation.

Answer 20

False; Y axis rotation (slide 21)

Question 21

At the limits of rotation, the lateral atlanto-axial joints are almost subluxated. What ligaments restrain this motion?

Answer 21

alar ligaments

Question 22

How much of the rotation of the neck is C2 responsible for?

Answer 22

over 50%

Question 23

T/F: Both of the articular surfaces at C1-C2 are convex which is why theta Y is coupled with Ytranslation at this joint.

Answer 23

True; as atlas rotates on axis, a subtle vertical displacement occurs

Question 24

Theta Z at C1-C2 is limited to about 5 degrees. Why?

Answer 24

Lateral bending is limited here by the alar ligaments and the bony anatomy

Question 25

What ligament limits Z axis translation at C1-C2?

Answer 25

Transverse ligament of atlas (tight ring around dens)

Question 26

T/F: According to Panjabi and White, there is no X axis translation at C1-C2, only apparent translation.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

T/F: As the head is laterally flexed, the spinous process of C2 will rotate toward the concavity of the lateral bend.

Answer 27

False; toward the convexity of the lateral bend (spinous to contralateral side)

Question 28

What motion is coupled with lateral bending in the cervical spine?

Answer 28

axial rotation