Exam 1 Part 1 Flashcards
What is the study of forces and their effects?
Mechanics
What is the study of relationships between the force system acting on the body and the changes it produces in body motion?
Kinetics
What is the branch of mechanics that deals with the geometry of the motion of objects?
Kinematics
T/F: Kinematics includes things like displacement, acceleration, and velocity.
True
What study uses principles of mechanics for solving problems related to structure and function of biologic and physiologic systems?
biomechanics
T/F: Scalars consist of magnitude and direction.
False; vectors have both, scalars are magnitude only
What are some examples of scalars?
temp, distance, speed, mass
Examples of Vectors?
displacement, velocity, acceleration, momentum, and force
What is the scalar quantity distance?
how much ground an object has covered during its motion
What vector quantity is a measure of overall change of position or “how far out of place an object is”?
Displacement
T/F: Velocity is ignorant of direction.
False; velocity is direction aware (displacement/time)
What scalar quantity is ignorant of direction and is equal to distance/time?
Speed
What term is defined as the change in velocity/time?
Acceleration
T/F: Acceleration is a vector quantity.
True
T/F: Mass is a scalar quantity.
True
What vector quantity is equal to mass x acceleration and can be described as the quantity of motion an object possesses?
Momentum
What unit is force measured in?
Newtons
T/F: 10 Newtons= 1 Kilogram = 2.2 pounds
True
What is the formula for Force?
Force=Mass x Acceleration
Which of Newton’s Laws of Motion is aka the law of inertia?
First law
Which of Newton’s laws states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion….?
1st
Which of Newton’s laws is aka the law of force and acceleration?
2nd
Which of Newton’s laws is aka the Law of action and reaction?
3rd
What is the force that resists the sliding of two objects in contact?
friction
T/F: Static friction exists when two surfaces are not sliding relative to one another but do possess the potential for movement.
True
What has a higher coefficient of (static) friction, Rubber on concrete or synovial joints?
Rubber on concrete. Higher coefficient means more friction which means less movement.
What is aka dynamic friction?
Kinetic Friction
What kind of forces elongate or pull things apart?
Tensile forces
What kind of forces compact an object?
Compressive forces
What is the term for the magnitude of applied force acting over a given area? What is it measured in?
Pressure (P=F/A);
pascals
What is performed when an object is displaced by the application of a force? What is it measured in?
Work;
Joules
What is the amount of mechanical work performed in a given interval and is measured in watts?
Power (Work/Time)
What is the term for the motion of one object with respect to a reference object?
Relative motion
What are the 4 categories of movement?
Discrete, Continuous, Repeated discrete, and Serial
What is the term for the path of motion around a fixed axis and therefore in a circular path?
Angular motion
What is the perpendicular distance from an axis of rotation to a line along which a force acts?
Lever arm aka force arm or moment arm
What is torque?
product of force and lever arm
What does a lever system consist of?
a rigid or semi-rigid object (lever) that is capable of rotating about an axis (fulcrum)
What type of lever system has the fulcrum in the middle?
Type 1
What type of lever system has the fulcrum on one end of the lever and the effort on the opposite end?
Type 2
What type of lever system has the fulcrum on one end of the lever and the resistance or load on the opposite end?
Type 3
What is the point that represents the average location of a system’s mass?
Center of mass
What is the point at which the force of gravity seems to be concentrated?
Center of Gravity
