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Biomechanics > Exam 1 Part 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the study of forces and their effects?

A

Mechanics

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2
Q

What is the study of relationships between the force system acting on the body and the changes it produces in body motion?

A

Kinetics

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3
Q

What is the branch of mechanics that deals with the geometry of the motion of objects?

A

Kinematics

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4
Q

T/F: Kinematics includes things like displacement, acceleration, and velocity.

A

True

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5
Q

What study uses principles of mechanics for solving problems related to structure and function of biologic and physiologic systems?

A

biomechanics

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6
Q

T/F: Scalars consist of magnitude and direction.

A

False; vectors have both, scalars are magnitude only

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7
Q

What are some examples of scalars?

A

temp, distance, speed, mass

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8
Q

Examples of Vectors?

A

displacement, velocity, acceleration, momentum, and force

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9
Q

What is the scalar quantity distance?

A

how much ground an object has covered during its motion

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10
Q

What vector quantity is a measure of overall change of position or “how far out of place an object is”?

A

Displacement

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11
Q

T/F: Velocity is ignorant of direction.

A

False; velocity is direction aware (displacement/time)

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12
Q

What scalar quantity is ignorant of direction and is equal to distance/time?

A

Speed

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13
Q

What term is defined as the change in velocity/time?

A

Acceleration

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14
Q

T/F: Acceleration is a vector quantity.

A

True

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15
Q

T/F: Mass is a scalar quantity.

A

True

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16
Q

What vector quantity is equal to mass x acceleration and can be described as the quantity of motion an object possesses?

A

Momentum

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17
Q

What unit is force measured in?

A

Newtons

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18
Q

T/F: 10 Newtons= 1 Kilogram = 2.2 pounds

A

True

19
Q

What is the formula for Force?

A

Force=Mass x Acceleration

20
Q

Which of Newton’s Laws of Motion is aka the law of inertia?

A

First law

21
Q

Which of Newton’s laws states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion….?

A

1st

22
Q

Which of Newton’s laws is aka the law of force and acceleration?

A

2nd

23
Q

Which of Newton’s laws is aka the Law of action and reaction?

A

3rd

24
Q

What is the force that resists the sliding of two objects in contact?

A

friction

25
Q

T/F: Static friction exists when two surfaces are not sliding relative to one another but do possess the potential for movement.

A

True

26
Q

What has a higher coefficient of (static) friction, Rubber on concrete or synovial joints?

A

Rubber on concrete. Higher coefficient means more friction which means less movement.

27
Q

What is aka dynamic friction?

A

Kinetic Friction

28
Q

What kind of forces elongate or pull things apart?

A

Tensile forces

29
Q

What kind of forces compact an object?

A

Compressive forces

30
Q

What is the term for the magnitude of applied force acting over a given area? What is it measured in?

A

Pressure (P=F/A);

pascals

31
Q

What is performed when an object is displaced by the application of a force? What is it measured in?

A

Work;

Joules

32
Q

What is the amount of mechanical work performed in a given interval and is measured in watts?

A

Power (Work/Time)

33
Q

What is the term for the motion of one object with respect to a reference object?

A

Relative motion

34
Q

What are the 4 categories of movement?

A

Discrete, Continuous, Repeated discrete, and Serial

35
Q

What is the term for the path of motion around a fixed axis and therefore in a circular path?

A

Angular motion

36
Q

What is the perpendicular distance from an axis of rotation to a line along which a force acts?

A

Lever arm aka force arm or moment arm

37
Q

What is torque?

A

product of force and lever arm

38
Q

What does a lever system consist of?

A

a rigid or semi-rigid object (lever) that is capable of rotating about an axis (fulcrum)

39
Q

What type of lever system has the fulcrum in the middle?

A

Type 1

40
Q

What type of lever system has the fulcrum on one end of the lever and the effort on the opposite end?

A

Type 2

41
Q

What type of lever system has the fulcrum on one end of the lever and the resistance or load on the opposite end?

A

Type 3

42
Q

What is the point that represents the average location of a system’s mass?

A

Center of mass

43
Q

What is the point at which the force of gravity seems to be concentrated?

A

Center of Gravity

Biomechanics (20 decks)

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