Exam #2

Question 1

What is ALS?

Answer 1

Amyotophic lateral sclerosis

-It is a progressive disease that affects the cells in the brain and spinal cord

Question 2

What does the ALS disease attack?

Answer 2

It attacks the motor neurons from the brain to the spinal cord and muscles throughout the body

Question 3

What are some symptoms of ALS?

Answer 3

• Muscle weakness
• cramping in muscles
• impairment of arms and legs
• Swallowing and breathing issues
• Fatigue

Question 4

What is the percentage of people who will dies in 2-5 years after being diagnoased with ALS?

Answer 4

80%

-Most common neurological death

Question 5

How to diagnose ALS?

Answer 5

• Patient History
• EMG (electromyography)
• Hard to diagnose

Question 6

Possible causes of ALS?

Answer 6

• Apoptosis
• viruses
• toxins
• heavy metal exposure

Question 7

Treatment for ALS?

Answer 7

There is no cure for ALS

Question 8

PT treatment for ALS patients?

Answer 8

• Light stretch
• Light strength
• Swimming

Question 9

What is guillain barre?

Answer 9

it is an inflammatory disorder of the peripheral nerves

Question 10

What are some symptoms of guillain barre?

Answer 10

• Rapid onset of weakness
• paralysis of the legs, arms, face muscles
• Breathing is weak
• Require intensive care

Question 11

How long does Guillain barre last?

Answer 11

The length of the illness is unpredictable

-The majority of patients return to normal

Question 12

how is guillain barre diagnosed?

Answer 12

• Typically the patients symptoms and physical exam indicate diagnosis
• Rapid onset of ascending weakness

Question 13

How is GBS treated?

Answer 13

• Plasma exchanges

- High does of white blood cells

Question 14

causes for GBS?

Answer 14

No known causes it just happens

Question 15

What is myasthenia garvis? (MG)

Answer 15

• it is grave muscular weakness

- frequently weak face muscles

Question 16

Symptoms of MG?

Answer 16

certain muscles are more frequently involved (face/eye lids)

• Weak eye lids
• Weak face muscles
• Weak breathing

Question 17

What is ocular myasthenia garvis?

Answer 17

It only affects the eyelids

Question 18

What causes MG?

Answer 18

a reduction of the number of achytilocholine receptor sites by 80% cause by antibodies that destroy the receptors

Question 19

What are the myasthenia garvis classification extreams?

Answer 19

Class 1: any ocular muscle weakness

Class 5: Ventalator support

Question 20

Diagnosis for MG?

Answer 20

-Blood test may be done to see the abnormal amount of antibodies are present

Question 21

Treatment for MG?

Answer 21

-There is no known cure for MG

Question 22

What is post polio syndrome?

Answer 22

it is a syndrome that affects people who have had polio before

Question 23

What are some symptoms of PPS?

Answer 23

• Muscle weakness
• Fatigue #1 symptom
• pain from joint degeneration
• atrophy

Question 24

What causes PPS?

Answer 24

• The cause is unknown

- axonal sprouting

Question 25

How is PPS diagnosed?

Answer 25

- medical history | - neuromuscular exam

Question 26

What are some criteria for diagnosing PPS?

Answer 26

- EMG - History - New muscular weakness

Question 27

How is PPS treated?

Answer 27

No treatment for the syndrome itself - Light stretch and strengthing activities - Cardiopulmonary exersises

Question 28

What is Thoracic outlet syndrome?

Answer 28

-Compression of the nerves and blood vessels in the brachial plexus

Question 29

Where does the brachial plexis pass through?

Answer 29

it passes under the clavicle and it is inbetween the anterior and middle scalene

Question 30

What are the 3 main causes for TOS?

Answer 30

- Anterior scalene tightness - Costoclavicular approximation - Pectorallis minor tightness

Question 31

What activities cause compression and TOS?

Answer 31

- Static postures with arms above head - electrition - heavy backpacks - hair dresser

Question 32

What are some symptoms of TOS?

Answer 32

- Neck shoulder pain - Numbness - pain in fingers

Question 33

How is TOS diagnosed?

Answer 33

- Ask patient history - EMG - Xray

Question 34

What is the adson scalene maneuver?

Answer 34

hyperextend the arm and then palpate for a radial pulse to be faint or gone

Question 35

What is the allen test?

Answer 35

Abduct arm to 90 degrees and have client look other direction, Radial pulse should be faint or gone

Question 36

Treatment for TOS?

Answer 36

- Stretches for neck - Pectorallis stretches - Avoid prolonged positions

Question 37

Carpal tunnel syndrome what is it? | Causes?

Answer 37

inflammation of the tendon over the median nerve | -From repetitive movements and genetics

Question 38

symptoms of carpal tunnel?

Answer 38

- Weakness in grasp - Tingling in fingers - Numbmess - Difficulty making a fist

Question 39

Treatment for carpal tunnel?

Answer 39

Surgery to cut the tendon and releases some pressure on the median nerve

Question 40

Carpal tunnel exercise ?

Answer 40

- squeezing tennis ball - Wrist extension - wrist flexion exercsises

Question 41

What is bells palsy?

Answer 41

a condition that causes the facial muscles to weaken and become paralyzed

Question 42

how is bells palsy caused?

Answer 42

Caused by trauma to the 7th cranial nerve | -Not permanent

Question 43

symptoms of bells palsy?

Answer 43

- drooping mouth - drooping eyes - no facial muscle tone

Question 44

what is the recovery rate from bell palsy?

Answer 44

- 50% will fully recover in a short time - 35% will recover in less than a year - Have to wait for axon growth

Question 45

treatment for bells palsy?

Answer 45

rest and drugs to reduce side effects