Exam 1 Part 11 (Jeopardy Game) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the formula for wavelength?

A

(constant of speech of sound) / (frequency)

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2
Q

What is the formula for frequency?

A

(number of cycles) / (1 second)

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3
Q

This is the type of wave when air molecules vibrate and move away from then back toward the source again.

A

Longitudinal wave

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4
Q

A sound source set into vibration with an irregular oscillation pattern will have this type of waveform.

A

Aperiodic

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5
Q

A fork that vibrates with frequency of 50Hz has a period of this duration.

A

.02 seconds, 200 milliseconds

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6
Q

This is the landmark in a spectrogram that indicates voicing?

A

Low energy frication (i.e., between 0-200Hz)

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7
Q

This is what happens to the glottis when producing aspiration.

A

Glottis opens and the vocal folds spread apart but constricted slightly creating turbulent airflow

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8
Q

In terms of the spectrogram representation, what are two characteristic of an event that would indicate it to be a vowel

A

High amplitude, low frequency

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9
Q

The spectrogram, spectrum, waveform and speech recording of the speech signal can be evaluated based upon these five characteristics.

A

Resemblance, elucidation, amplification, arbitrary augmentation and reduction/loss

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10
Q

The first and second formants are relatively far apart from one another for this peripheral vowel.

A

[i]

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11
Q

This is the type of resonator produced by the human vocal apparatus

A

Quarter resonator

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12
Q

The first harmonic and the sound source have this in common.

A

Fundamental frequency

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13
Q

These interactions can take place regarding an incident wave (4)

A

Reflection, refraction, diffraction, absorption

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14
Q

The type of vibration that occurs when one tuning fork sets another one into vibration.

A

Forced vibration

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15
Q

This is another name for a standard reference sound.

A

Threshold of hearing

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16
Q

This is the reason odd multiples of the lowest resonating frequency are not formants in the speech signal of a quarter-resonator.

A

Destructive/ cancel out

17
Q

The spectrum, as a representation of the source-filter, displays the speech signal in a single point in time, as well as, these two other values.

A

Frequency (x-axis), amplitude (y-axis)

18
Q

The vowel system as we know it is, not based on articulatory parameters (as first though), but instead on these two acoustic values.

A

F1 and F2

19
Q

What is the points of maximum pressure called in a tube that is open on one side only.

A

Node

20
Q

In terms of the source-filter theory and the tube model, nasals differ from other sound classes (e.g.,vowels, glides, fricatives and oral stops) for what anatomical reason(s)?

A

Longer and wider tube

21
Q

What two aerodynamic forces cause vocal folds to be set into vibration?

A

Subglottal pressure below vocal folds, negative pressure between folds

22
Q

This is the effect that results in the vocal folds being drawn back together during the process of phonation.

A

Bernoulli effect

23
Q

What is the representation that examines frequency and intensity at a single timepoint of a sound signal?

A

Spectrum

24
Q

“During speech, which muscles are minimally active during both phases of respiration for speech?”

A

Expiratory and inspiratory

25
Q

Which of the following representations are best used for examining the harmonics of a periodic wave?

A

Spectrum

26
Q

True or false: “Phonation of the sound source is only ever possible during voiced speech sounds (e.g., voiced consonants and vowels).”

A

True

27
Q

“When examining the spectrum of a source-filter’s speech signal (i.e., output), what important aspect(s) of the signal can one identify?”

A

Formants, harmonics, fundamental frequency