Exam 1 Part 1

Question 1

Study of language by examining the inventory and structure of sounds of human speech

Answer 1

Phonetics

Question 2

Examines the physiological and acoustic properties and mechanisms behind how these sounds are produced and perceived by humans

Answer 2

Speech science

Question 3

Studies the physiological mechanisms of speech production

Answer 3

Articulatory phonetics

Question 4

Studies the physical properties of the sound waves during speech

Answer 4

Acoustic phonetics

Question 5

Studies the physiological mechanisms and physical properties of sound waves associated with speech perception

Answer 5

Auditory or perceptual phonetics

Question 6

What type of phonetics is the core of speech science?

Answer 6

Acoustic phonetics

Question 7

What are the 3 parts of the speech chain model?

Answer 7

Medium, Speaker, Listener

Question 8

What the sound waves travel through

Answer 8

Medium

Question 9

Creates the vibration

Answer 9

Speaker

Question 10

Person who picks up the vibration

Answer 10

Listener

Question 11

Being able to produce and picking up your own speech

Answer 11

Feedback loop

Question 12

Why is the feedback loop important?

Answer 12

Able to correct yourself/self-modulation, monitor rate of speech, etc

Question 13

What can happen to you if the feedback loop is disrupted

Answer 13

Could be bad for hearing, problematic for production of speech

Question 14

What are the 5 representations of speech?

Answer 14

Resemblance, elucidation, amplification, arbitrary augmentation, reduction and loss

Question 15

What do linguistics use since they do not have access to the actual speech event?

Answer 15

Representations of an observed event

Question 16

What are ways that we represent speech?

Answer 16

Waveform, spectrogram, contact patterns, cineradiography, sagittal diagram, transcriptions

Question 17

Enable us to associate words or phrases with meaning

Answer 17

Semantics

Question 18

Enable us to have common expectations of word order

Answer 18

Syntax

Question 19

Internal or mental representation of an experience

Answer 19

Thought

Question 20

What are some ways that we represent our thoughts?

Answer 20

Images, actions, language, muscle imagery

Question 21

Proposes the way human beings think about their world is determined by language; language determines thinking

Answer 21

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

Question 22

Accounts for contrasts in meaning caused by differences between meaningful sequences of sounds (cats vs. cat, vs cut) and intonation (Yes! vs Yes?)

Answer 22

Morphological rules

Question 23

Account for the occurrence of particular sounds in the stream of speech

Answer 23

Phonological rules

Question 24

Smallest linguistic segment that carries meaning

Answer 24

Morpheme

Question 25

Family of sounds that functions in a language to signal a difference in meaning

Answer 25

Phoneme

Question 26

Variants of the phoneme

Answer 26

Allophone

Question 27

Any actual sound discussed without relation to its phonemic affiliation

Answer 27

Phone

Question 28

True or false: “The notion that the way human beings think about their world is determined, in part, by the particular language that they speak is referred to as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.”

Answer 28

True

Question 29

True or false: “According to Noam Chomsky, the founder of modern linguistic theory, linguistic compentence refers to a speaker’s use of language while linguistic performance refers to a speaker’s knowledge of language.”

Answer 29

False

Question 30

How the knowledge of a language is used in expressive behavior such as speech or writing

Answer 30

Linguistic performance

Question 31

What one knows unconsciously about one’s own language; ability to understand and produce the language

Answer 31

Linguistic competence