Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2025 Anatomy II > Exam 1: Lecture 6: Thoracic & Pelvic distal limb blood vessels & nerves. Perineural blocks > Flashcards

Exam 1: Lecture 6: Thoracic & Pelvic distal limb blood vessels & nerves. Perineural blocks Flashcards

1
Q

Thoracic limb innervation is through the _____ plexus which is:

A

Brachial plexus C6-T2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What nerves are involved with the brachial plexus?

A

-Suprascapular
-Subscapular
-Axillary
-Musculocutaneous
-Median
-Radial
-Ulnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What nerve is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Suprascapular n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the suprascapular n. supply?

A

-Supraspinatus m.
-Infraspinatus m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What can occur if the suprascapular n. is injured?

A

-Atrophy of infraspinatus m. and supraspinatus m.
-Instability of the shoulder
-Shoulder “slip”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why is damage to suprascapular n. not uncommon in horses?

A

-Because in other animals the nerve goes around the acromion of the scapula, but horses do not have an acromion so the nerve is unprotected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What nerve is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Subscapular n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the subscapular n. supply?

A

-Subscapular m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What nerve is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Axillary n. (located between teres major m. and subscapular m.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does axillary n. supply?

A

-Muscles of the shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What nerve is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Musculocutaneous n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does musculocutaneous n. supply?

A

-Innervates muscles that will flex the shoulder
-Supplies autonomic in the distal part of the limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What nerve is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Median n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the median n. supply?

A

-Responsible for movement of the flexors
-Main innervation of palmar surface of “hand”
-Runs w/ brachial a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is indicated by the blue arrow and what does it do?

A

-Ansa axillaris
-Joins median n. w/ musculocutaneous n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What nerve is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Radial n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What nerve is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Radial n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is innervated by radial n.?

A

-Main nerve for extension m. of carpus & digits
-Innervates triceps brachii m.
-Very big n. chunk
-Hides between head of triceps medially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How can you see the lateral branches of the radial n.?

A

-Seen by reflecting the lateral head of triceps brachii m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What nerve is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Ulnar n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the ulnar n. supply?

A

-Supply flexor of carpus & digit
-From same area as median n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What autonomous zone is shown by the blue arrow?

A

-Ulnar n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What autonomous zone is shown by the blue arrow?

A

-Musculocutaneous n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What autonomous zone is shown by the blue arrow?

A

-Median n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What autonomous zone is shown by the blue arrow?

A

-Ulnar n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What autonomous zone is shown by the blue arrow?

A

-Radial n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What autonomous zone is shown by the blue arrow?

A

-Ulnar n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Median n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Median n. communicating branch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Median palmar n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Medial digital palmar n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Medial digital palmar n. dorsal branch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Communicating branch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Ulnar n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Dorsal branch of ulnar n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Lateral palmar n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Lateral palmar n. dorsal branch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Lateral palmar n. dorsal branch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Median n. dorsal branch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Dorsal branch of ulnar n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What nerve is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Medial cutaneous antebrachial n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What artery is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Median a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What artery is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Proximal radial a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What artery is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Medial palmar a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What artery is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Radial a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What artery is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Lateral palmar a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What artery is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Lateral palmar metacarpal a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What artery is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Medial palmar metacarpal a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What artery is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Medial palmar a.

50
Q

What artery is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Medial digital palmar a.

51
Q

What artery is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Lateral digital palmar a.

52
Q

What artery is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Proximal radial a.

53
Q

What artery is the blue arrow pointing to?

A

-Carpal net

54
Q

What is the blood on the dorsal part of the thoracic limb compared to the palmar aspect?

A

-Poor blood supply distally compared to palmar

55
Q

Pelvic limb innervation is through the _____ plexus which is

A

Lumbosacral (LS) plexus L4-S2

56
Q

What nerves are part of the lumbosacral plexus?

A

-Cranial & caudal gluteal n.
-Femoral n.
~Saphenous n. (branch of femoral n.)
-Obturator n.
-Ischiatic (Sciatic) n.
~Tibial n.
~Common fibularis n. (branches into superficial & deep)

57
Q

What do the cranial & caudal gluteal nerves supply?

A

-Supply more proximal muscles of the pelvic limb

58
Q

What does the femoral n. supply?

A

-Supplies quadriceps femoris m.

59
Q

What does the saphenous n. (branch off of femoral n.) supply?

A

-Autonomic zone for medial part of leg & thigh

60
Q

What does the obturator n. supply?

A

-Adductors

61
Q

What happens if the obturator n. is damaged?

A

-Animal is stuck abducting and cannot pull their limbs back in medially

62
Q

Where is sciatic n. located?

A

-Very big n. deep to biceps femoris m.

63
Q

Where does tibial n. go? (branch of sciatic n.)

A

-Stays caudal

64
Q

Where does common fibularis nerve go?

A

-Cranial

65
Q

What nerve is indicated by the big triangle at the top?

A

-Femoral n.

66
Q

What nerve is indicated by the smaller triangle at the bottom?

A

-Saphenous n.

67
Q

What nerve is indicated by the triangle?

A

-Obturator n. (hint: look where it goes through!)

68
Q

What nerve is responsible for the condition indicated in this image?

A

-Damage of obturator n.

69
Q

What nerve is indicated by the large triangle at the top?

A

-Sciatic n.

70
Q

What nerve is indicated by the smaller triangle on the right?

A

-Tibial n. (stays caudal)

71
Q

What nerve is indicated by the smaller triangle on the left?

A

-Common fibularis n. (goes cranial)

72
Q

What autonomic zone is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Saphenous n.

73
Q

What autonomic zone is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Tibial n.

74
Q

What autonomic zone is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Common fibular n. (Aka Peroneal n.)

75
Q

What autonomic zone is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Tibial n.

76
Q

What nerve is indicated by the green line on the left image?

A

-Tibial n.

77
Q

What nerve is indicated by the red line?

A

-Lateral plantar n.

78
Q

What nerve is indicated by the yellow line?

A

-Medial plantar n.

79
Q

What nerve is indicated by the burnt orange line (below the yellow)?

A

-Medial digital plantar n.

80
Q

What nerve is indicated by the purple line?

A

-Lateral digital plantar n.

81
Q

What nerves are indicated by the darker blue lines?

A

-Lateral and medial plantar metatarsal nn.

82
Q

What nerve is indicated by the darker yellow line on the right image?

A

-Saphenous n.

83
Q

What nerve is indicated by the light green line on the right image?

A

-Caudal cutaneous sural n.

84
Q

What nerve is indicated by the light blue line on the right image?

A

-Superficial fibular n.

85
Q

What nerve is indicated by the pink/purple line and what nerves does it split into?

A

-Deep fibular n.
-Splits into lateral & medial dorsal metatarsal nn.

86
Q

What artery is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Caudal tibial a.

87
Q

What artery is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Saphenous a.

88
Q

What artery is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Lateral plantar a.

89
Q

What artery is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Medial plantar a.

90
Q

What artery is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Deep plantar arch

91
Q

What arteries are indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Lateral & medial plantar metatarsal aa.

92
Q

What artery is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Lateral digital plantar a.

93
Q

What artery is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Medial digital plantar a.

94
Q

What artery is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Cranial tibial a.

95
Q

What artery is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Dorsal pedal a.

96
Q

What artery is indicated by the blue arrow?

A

-Dorsal metatarsal a.

97
Q

What nerve block is indicated by this image?

A

-Palmar digital nerve block

98
Q

What technique is used to perform a palmar digital nerve block?

A

-Insert the needle over the neurovascular bundle at the proximal border of the collateral cartilage

99
Q

How much volume is used during a palmar digital nerve block?

A

-1.5 mL per site

100
Q

What nerves are affected during a palmar digital nerve block?

A

-Palmar digital nerves (both medial & lateral)

101
Q

What is anesthetized during a palmar digital nerve block?

A

-Sole
-Navicular apparatus
-Coffin joint
-Distal flexor tendon sheath
-Distal sesamoidean ligaments
-Loss of skin sensation at the heel

102
Q

What nerve block is indicated by this image?

A

-Abaxial sesamoid nerve block

103
Q

What technique is used in an abaxial sesamoid nerve block?

A

-Insert the needle at the abaxial surface of the sesamoid, point needle distally

104
Q

What volume is used during an abaxial sesamoid nerve block?

A

-2ml per site

105
Q

What nerves are affected during an abaxial sesamoid nerve block?

A

-Palmar digital nerves

106
Q

What is anesthetized during an abaxial sesamoid nerve block?

A

-Foot
-Middle phalanx
-Pastern joint
-Distal P1
-Distal SDF & DDF
-Distal sesamoidian ligaments
-Distal annular ligament
-+/- fetlock joint

107
Q

What nerve block is indicated by the image?

A

-Low 4-point block

108
Q

What is the technique for a Low 4-point nerve block?

A

-Insert the needle distal to the button of the splint medially & laterally
-Insert the needle SQ between the suspensory ligament & the DDF tendon

109
Q

What volume is used in a Low 4-point nerve block?

A

-1-2ml per site

110
Q

What nerves are affected during a Low 4-point nerve block?

A

-Palmar metacarpal/metatarsal nerves (adjacent to splint)
-Palmar nerves (between suspensory & DDFT)

111
Q

What is anesthetized during a Low 4-point nerve block?

A

-All structures previously mentioned in the more distal nerve blocks
-Fetlock joint
-Suspensory branches
-More proximal SDF/DDF tendons

112
Q

How does a Low 4-point block work in the hind limb?

A

-Performed the same as the forelimb
-Will not reliably anesthetize the skin dorsally
~IMPORTANT for suturing a laceration
~Less important for lameness workup
-Can do a dorsal ring block to anesthetize the skin

113
Q

What block is shown in the image?

A

-High 4 Point Block front limb

114
Q

What is the technique for a high 4 point nerve block in the front limb?

A

-Inject SQ on dorsal surface of DDFT through the fascia (carpal retinaculum flexorum) just distal to the CMC joint

-Flex the limb & insert the needle along the splint bones pointed at palmar MC3

115
Q

What volume is used in a high 4 point nerve block in the front limb?

A

-2-5ml per site

116
Q

What nerves are affected in a high 4 point nerve block in the front limb?

A

-Medial & lateral palmar nerves
-Medial & lateral palmar metacarpal nerves

117
Q

What does the high 4 point nerve block in the front limb anesthetize?

A

-Flexor tendons
-Splint bones
-Interosseous ligaments (between MC2/4 and MC3)
-Proximal suspensory ligament
-Inferior check ligament

118
Q

What nerve block is shown in the image?

A

High 4 (6) Point block hind end

119
Q

What is the technique for a high 4 (6) point block hind limb?

A

-1.5 in needle inserted 1cm distal to TMT on either side & hit the back of MC3, non-wgt
-25g 5/8in needle - deposit 3-5ml through the fascia over the DDFT on medial & lateral side
-2cm distal to the TMT at 10 & 2 o’clock positions on the dorsal cannon bone

120
Q

What is the volume of a high 4 (6) point block hind limb?

A

-3-5ml per site

121
Q

What nerves are affected during a high 4 (6) point block hind limb?

A

-Medial & lateral plantar nerves
-Medial & lateral plantar metatarsal nerves
-Dorsal metatarsal nerves

122
Q

What is anesthetized during a high 4 (6) point block hind end?

A

-Everything distal to the TMT except the dorsum over the cannon bone
-Dorsal cannon
-Necessary for lacerations, not commonly clinically relevant

2025 Anatomy II (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions