Exam 1 Dsm

Question 1

DSM

Answer 1

diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, lists all mental disorders for diagnosis, APA responsible for writing it;

Provides standardized criteria for
psychological disorder diagnoses

Question 2

ICD

Answer 2

international classification of diseases; world health organization responsible for writing it,

Covers ALL health conditions,
including mental and physical
disorders

currently on 11th edition

Question 3

HiTOP

Answer 3

hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology

big chart categorizing different disorders;

alternative to dsm

Question 4

RDoC

Answer 4

research domain criteria;

not meant for diagnosing

Question 5

Pros of the DSM (4)

Answer 5

Standardized criteria ensure
diagnostic consistency

Supports evidence-based clinical practice

Enables large-scale epidemiological
research

Provides a foundation for training and education in mental health

Question 6

Cons of the DSM

Answer 6

Potential to medicalize normal behavior

Fails to capture the dimensional nature of
mental health

Question 7

ICD vs DSM scope and purpose

Answer 7

ICD: Global, covers all diseases; used for clinical diagnosis and
health statistics

• DSM: Focused on mental disorders; primarily used in the U.S.

Question 8

ICD vs DSM development and authorship

Answer 8

ICD: Developed by WHO with international input
* DSM: Developed by the American Psychiatric Association (APA)

Question 9

ICD vs DSM: usage and adoption

Answer 9

ICD: Used globally, mandated by WHO member states
* DSM: Predominantly used in the United States, especially by
mental health professionals

Question 10

ICD vs DSM: classification approach

Answer 10

ICD: Broader categories, more general; includes cultural
considerations
* DSM: More detailed and specific criteria; symptom-focused

Question 11

why is categorically labeling psychopathology helpful?

Answer 11

1)Provides a common language for clinicians

2)Facilitates research and study of mental disorders

3)Guides treatment decisions based on
standardized criteria

4) Necessary for insurance
reimbursement and legal
considerations

Question 12

Challenges with categorically labeling psychopathology

Answer 12

1) Oversimplifies complex human behaviors
2) Can lead to
stigmatization and self-identity issues
3) Over-reliance on
medication for treatment
4) Lacks cultural sensitivity and contextual considerations
5) Issues with reliability and
validity of some diagnoses

Question 12

pros of HiTOP

Answer 12

Reduces comorbidity issues
* Better aligns with genetic and
neurobiological findings
* Provides a more nuanced
understanding of
psychopathology

Question 13

cons of RDoC

Answer 13

Limited applicability to current clinical practice
* Requires advanced research infrastructure
* May be too reductionistic, potentially overlooking social factors

Question 14

standardization

Answer 14

Application of certain standards or norms to a technique to ensure consistency in the way it is used by different assessors and across measurement occasions

Question 15

why was the multiaxial system in the DSM 4 phased out?

Answer 15

clinicians were not interpreting it in the same way, leading to inconsistency in diagnosing. also, there was no scientific basis for the differentiations

Question 16

symptom

Answer 16

a physical or mental feature which is regarded as indicating a condition of disease, particularly such a feature that is apparent to the patient

Question 17

criteria

Answer 17

a principle or standard by which something may be judged or decided.