Depression treatment

Question 1

Cognitive Behavioral
Therapy (CBT)

Answer 1

a structured form of psychotherapy that aims to change patterns of thinking or behavior causing people’s emotional distress. there is a focus on how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected

Question 2

Cognitive Triad

Answer 2

depressed people often have neg views of themselves, the world, and the future

Question 3

CBT Triangle

Answer 3

thoughts influence behaviors influence feelings influence thoughts and so on

Question 4

Automatic thought

Answer 4

spontaneous thoughts that occur in response to events. These thoughts are often irrational and negative, contributing to mood disorders like depression

Question 5

Core belief

Answer 5

fundamental, deep-seared ideas individuals hold about themselves and the world. Influence automatic thoughts

Question 6

Cognitive restructuring

Answer 6

process of identifying and challenging distorted or irrational thoughts and replacing them w/ balance, evidenced-based alternatives

Question 7

Socratic questioning

Answer 7

technique where therapist asks guided questions to help client reflect on and challenge their assumptions

Question 8

Behavioral activation

Answer 8

Involves encouraging clients to engage in positive and rewarding activities to counteract avoidance and inactivity, common in depression

Question 9

Cognitive distortion

Answer 9

thinking errors that cause people to perceive reality inaccurately

Question 10

all or nothing thinking (cog dist)

Answer 10

Viewing situations in extreme, black and white terms

Question 11

Overgeneralization (cog dist)

Answer 11

Drawing broad, negative conclusions from a single event

Question 12

Catastrophizing (cog dist)

Answer 12

Expecting the worst possible outcome. In a situation, no matter how unlikely it is

Question 13

Personalization (cog dist)

Answer 13

Taking responsibility for events that are outside of one’s control

Question 14

Jumping to conclusions (cog dist)

Answer 14

Making assumptions w/out evidence

Question 15

Minimization and magnification (cog dist)

Answer 15

Min: downplaying achievements or positive outcomes
Mag:exaggerating the importance of mistakes or negative outcomes

Question 16

Provide and example of an automatic thought and how one can challenge/replace said thought.

Answer 16

Thought: i ate poorly at lunch today, so I’ve completely ruined my health
restructuring: one meal doesn’t undo the progress. I can make healthy choices with my next meal

Question 17

Describe how cognitive restructuring can be used to challenge a cognitive distortion

Answer 17

by restructuring how we think about a situation, we can think ourselves out of a thought trap by hitting it with evidence

Question 18

What is the main underlying theory of change in CBT? (e.g., how does CBT work? What is assumed? Think
about the CBT triangle)

Answer 18

changing how a person thinks can change how they feel and behave

Question 19

How is an automatic thought different than a core belief?

Answer 19

an automatic thought is a spontaneous thought in a response to an event, while a core belief is a fundamental idea individuals hold about themselves and the world. they influence automatic thoughts

Question 20

What is the theory/reasoning behind the use of behavioral activation? Why does
it work?

Answer 20

depressions leads to avoidance and inactivity, which worsens depressive symptoms. It encourages clients to engage in rewarding, meaningful activities to combat avoidance, improving mood

Question 21

Why might CBT with a child be difficult?

Answer 21

Kids have shorter attention spans, so you have to be creative to engage them fully with treatment. It also requires cognitive and developmental ability to think about your thoughts, so some kids might lack these skills

Question 22

Why might CBT with a teen be difficult?

Answer 22

It requires a willing and active participant, and teens might be drug into therapy unwillingly, so it makes it difficult to see progress in them

Question 23

Why might depression be hard to diagnose in a child? In a teen?

Answer 23

Child: might not understand feelings, could just present as irritable
Teen: might not talk about their feelings, could just be interpreted as normal teenage angst