Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Covalent bond?

A

Two atoms, share electrons, completing there outer orbit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the different types of macromolecules?

A

Carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What’s an ionic bond?

A

Ionic compounds attracted between negative and positive charged ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What kind of molecules do carbohydrates have?

A

single sugars or multiple sugar molecules bonded together into polymers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the three types of carbohydrates?

A

They are monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are macromolecules used in animal life?

A

rray of functions necessary for the survival and growth of living organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are macromolecules

A

Many molecules joined together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the types of lipids?

A

Oils
Fats
Phospholipids
Steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What’s the diff of saturated and unsaturated fats?

A

Saturated fats-insoluble(hydrophobic)/hydrogen bond/no double bonds.
Unsaturated fats-have double bond/lower melting points

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are fats made of and what are they called?

A

Made of glycerol and fatty acids. Fats called triglycerides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the sources of saturated fats?

A

Animal based/ milk, butter, ice cream, red meat, poultry.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the sources of unsaturated fats?

A

Vegetable oils, nuts, avocados, fish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What’s are monosaccharide carbohydrates?

A

Simple sugars, glucose, fructose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are examples of disaccharide carbohydrates?

A

Lactos, maltose, sucrose, sugar beeds (glucose + fructose)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are polysaccharide carbs and structural polysaccharides?

A

Long polymer or chains of monosaccharides, starch, glycogen, potatoes.
Structural is cellulose and chitin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are examples and what is chitin.

A

Structural polysaccharide exoskeleton. Insects crabs lobsters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is glycogen?

A

Polysaccharide stores energy in the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a disaccharide carb?

A

2 monosaccharides joined during dehydration reaction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the types of Lipids?

A 
. Insoluble in water 
. Oils- plant origin 
. Fats- animal origin 
. Phospholipids- components of cellular membranes 
. Steroids- cholesterol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Proteins make up how much percent of the weight of cells?

A

50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What do we use proteins for?

A

Support, storage, movement of material, signals, communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does the protein, enzyme, do?

A

Speeds up chemical reaction, forms or breaks down molecules

23
Q

Why can’t we have King Kong cells?

A

Surface area to volume ratio

24
Q

Nucleus?

A

DNA,chromosomes, nucleolus, makes ribosomes

25
Q

Ribosomes?

A

Proteins, enzymes, alone or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, antibiotic targets for bacteria.

26
Q

Rough Endoplasmic reticulum?

A

ribosomes attached, manufactures protein, makes the cell membrane

27
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

Makes lipids steroids, processes carbs, detoxifies drugs by adding OH molecule.

28
Q

Golgi body?

A

Pita bread, manufacture, separate, produce vesicles and lysosomes.

29
Q

Vesicles and lysosomes?

A

Bubbles with enzymes, digest micro molecules, bacteria, cell parts

30
Q

What dissolves webbed toes in human embryos?

A

Vesicles

31
Q

Cilia?

A

Cilia- small membrane tubes like hairs, found in fallopian tubes, respirating system.

32
Q

Flagella?

A

Membrane bound tail, sperm

33
Q

Vacuole?

A

Bubbles, hold water, salts. Plants hold pigments and toxins

34
Q

What makes the animals move to bush to bush?

A

Toxic vacuole

35
Q

Mitochondria?

A

Power house for cell-ATP

36
Q

Chloroplasts?

A

Plants only- photosynthesis

37
Q

Cell membrane?

A

surrounds the cell. Allows permission to pass or not

38
Q

Cell wall?

A

Cellulose, structure

39
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Movement of substance from hi to low concentration. Salt in coffee

40
Q

What is osmosis?

A

Movement to a higher concentration thus equalizing both concentrations

41
Q

What are phospholipids?

A

Hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. Made up of two fatty acids attached to the glycerol head.

42
Q

Proteins?

A

Controls movement of substances, helps with communication, if receptor binds to substance it changes the cells function- hormones

43
Q

What does an enzyme do?

A

Speed up chemical reactions

44
Q

What’s recognition?

A

Recognizing self from non self cels

45
Q

Lysosomes?

A

Digest macromolecules, bacteria, cell parts

46
Q

What organelle allows the cell to move?

A

Calla, flagella

47
Q

What’s the main difference in plant and animal cells?

A

Animal cells don’t have a cell wall, chloroplast, plastids and plant cells don’t have cilia

48
Q

What can and cannot pass through the cell membrane?

A

Small and non polar molecules can pass.

Charged ions and large molecules, such as proteins and sugars, cannot pass.

49
Q

Cell-recognition protein?

A

Cell communication and defense

50
Q

Channel protein

A

Allows transport of specific substances

51
Q

Carrier protein?

A

Assists in the movement of substances by facilitated diffusion or active transport.

52
Q

Receptor protein?

A

Catches stuff to bring in the cell

53
Q

Enzymatic protein?

A

Speeds up chemical reactions

Biology (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions