Exam 1

Question 1

Normal respirations

Answer 1

12-20

Question 2

Rectal temp and axillary temp differences from oral

Answer 2

Rectal is usually 0.5 C higher than oral

Axillary is 0.5 lower than oral

Question 3

Normal pulse

Answer 3

60-100 beats/min

Question 4

Average blood pressure

Answer 4

120/80

Question 5

Infant pulse average

Answer 5

120-160

Question 6

Where is PMI located

Answer 6

5th intercostal space and at mid clavicular line

Question 7

Normal mL of blood per pump of heart

Answer 7

60-70 mL

Question 8

Stages of a fever

Answer 8

1. chills(vasoconstriction, taking blood from skin to core, metabolism)
2. Plateau(temp reaches new set point meaning temp is high, pt may feel ok)
3. Fever “breaks”(brings temp down, reduces set point,this is when patient becomes flushed and sweaty)

Question 9

Factors affecting body temperature

Answer 9

Age
Exercise
Hormonal fluctuation
Circadian rhythm

Metabolism is typically slowest between 1-4 am

Question 10

What is a pulse deficit

Answer 10

The apical pulse is different than the radial

Why: could be because of Arhythmias, blockages.

Question 11

Pulse ox normals

Answer 11

95-100%

Question 12

What is systolic pressure

Answer 12

Max pressure exerted against arterial walls when blood is ejected

Question 13

What is diastolic

Answer 13

Minimal pressure against arterial walls when ventricles are being filled

Question 14

What is an ausculatory gap

Answer 14

A temporary stopping of sounds during BP but is not the end of the BP.

Question 15

Normal temp

Answer 15

36-38 degrees Celsius

98.6-100.4 farenheight

Question 16

Tier 1 standard precautions

Answer 16

Pally to all body fluids, secretions, non-intact skin and mucous membranes(excludes sweat)

Question 17

Tier 2 precautions

Answer 17

This tier is Transmission based precautions.

1. Airborne
2. Droplet
3. Contact
4. Neutropenic

Question 18

5 steps to evidence-based practice

Answer 18

1. ask
2. Collect
3. Critically appraise
4. Integrate
5. Evaluate

Question 19

Asepsis

Answer 19

Freedom from infection or infectious material or absence of disease producing microorganisms

Question 20

Medical asepsis(clean technique)

Answer 20

Practices that reduce the number of microorganisms and preventing the spread.
EXP: isolation, washing hands, ETC…

Question 21

Clean

Answer 21

Presence of some microorganisms, but absence of infectious agents. Or absence of disease producing organisms

Question 22

Bactericide

Answer 22

A substance that prevents or inhibits the growth and reproduction of some microorganisms

Question 23

Bacteriostatic

Answer 23

A substance that prevents or inhibits the growth and reproduction of some microorganisms

Question 24

Disinfectant

Answer 24

A substance that destroys pathogenic microorganisms(other than spores) by application to equipment or surfaces.

Question 25

How often to release restraints and why?

Answer 25

Real se every 1-2 hours to allow ROM mobility and circulation

Question 26

Heating(conservation and production)

Answer 26

Vasoconstriction
Metabolism
Muscle activity

Question 27

Cooling

Answer 27

Vasodilation

Evaporation

Question 28

Surface temperatures

Answer 28

Oral, axillary, rectal,temporal

Question 29

Conceptual framework of nursing

Answer 29

Providers of care
Managers of care
Members of a profession