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Western > Ex Phys - Final Exam > Flashcards

Ex Phys - Final Exam Flashcards

Brief Overview - Major Concepts

1
Q

Carbs burn __ kcal’s/LO2

A

5.05

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2
Q

Fats burn __ kcals/LO2

A

4.69

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3
Q

Glycogen stores __ kcals/g

A

1.01

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4
Q

Fat stores __ kcals/g

A

9.4

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5
Q

Cofactor? Example?

A

Non protein component of enzyme - NAD

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6
Q

Coenzyme? Example?

A

Organic part of active site on enzymes - FAD

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7
Q

What are fatty acids bound to in the blood?

A

Albumin

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8
Q

How much ATP is produced per PCr molecule?

A

1

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9
Q

How much ATP is produced per glycolysis cycle?

A

2 for glucose

3 for glycogen

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10
Q

How much ATP is produced per CHO oxidation?

A

30-33

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11
Q

How much ATP is produced per fat oxidation?

A

106

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12
Q

Where does the body store glycogen?

A

80% muscle, 18% liver, 2% plasma

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13
Q

Acronym for KC products?

A

No Crumbly Hamburgers For Ages

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14
Q

KC products?

A

4 NADH + H, 3 CO2, 3 H2, 1 FADH2 + 1 ATP

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15
Q

How many NADH + H from B oxidation?

A

7

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16
Q

How many FADH2 from B oxidation?

A

7

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17
Q

How many Acetyl CoA from B oxidation?

A

8

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18
Q

What is the rate limiting enzyme in glycolysis?

A

PFK

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19
Q

What does melate-asperate system produce?

A

Heart - produces NADH + H

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20
Q

What does glycerol-phosphate system produce?

A

Skeletal muscle - uses NAD, produces FADH2

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21
Q

What is the KC rate limiting enzymes?

A

Citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase

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22
Q

What is the fat mobilization rate limiting enzyme?

A

Carnitine transferase (I)

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23
Q

O2 %?

A

20.93

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24
Q

CO2 %?

A

0.03

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25
Q

N2 %?

A

79.04

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26
Q

Atmospheric air pressures?

A 
O2 = 159
CO2 = 0.23
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27
Q

Oxygenated partial pressure?

A 
O2 = 100
CO2 = 40
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28
Q

Deoxygenated partial pressures?

A 
O2 = 40
CO2 = 46
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29
Q

Hb can carry __ O2/gHb

A

1.34

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30
Q

Venous Hb saturation at rest?

A

70%

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31
Q

Venous Hb saturation during exercise?

A

5%

32
Q

Bohr effect?

A

Decreased pH = decreased Hb saturation

33
Q

% of CO2 transport in plasma?

A

7-10%

34
Q

% of CO2 transport by carbaminocompounds?

A

20-33%

35
Q

% of CO2 transport by bicarbonate buffering?

A

60-70%

36
Q

Haldene effect?

A

Hb saturation decreases for O2 when it increases for CO2

37
Q

What do peripheral chemoreceptors detect?

A

PO2, PCO2, pH

38
Q

What do central chemoreceptors detect?

A

CO2, pH

39
Q

Fick equation?

A

VO2 = HR x SV x aVO2diff

40
Q

What is the P wave?

A

Atrial depolarization

41
Q

What is the QRS complex?

A

Depolarization of ventricles

42
Q

What is the T wave?

A

Ventricular repolarization

43
Q

SV = ?

A

SV = EDV - ESV

44
Q

EF = ?

A

EF = SV / EDV x 100%

45
Q

Frank Starling mechanism?

A

Energy of contraction is directly related to the length of the cardiac muscle fibre

46
Q

What blood pressure is higher?

A

Systolic is higher than diastolic pressure

47
Q

Flow = ? = ?

A

Pressure / resistance = pressurexradius^4 / lengthxviscosity

48
Q

How much of blood is plasma?

A

55%

49
Q

How much of blood is hematocrit?

A

45%

50
Q

CV drift effect on HR?

A

Increase

51
Q

CV drift effect on CO?

A

Same

52
Q

CV drift effect on blood volume?

A

Same

53
Q

CV drift effect on systemic pressure?

A

Decrease

54
Q

CV drift effect on SV?

A

Decrease

55
Q

MAP = ?

A

Diastolic BP + (0.33(systolic BP - diastolic BP)

56
Q

What effect is adrenergic?

A

Vasoconstriction

57
Q

What effect is cholinergic?

A

Vasodialation

58
Q

Net extrinsic redistribution effect?

A

Vasoconstriction

59
Q

What happens at local tissue with auto regulatory control of blood redistribution?

A

Vasodilation

60
Q

What happens at non-local tissue with auto regulatory control of blood redistribution?

A

Vasocontriction

61
Q

What is titan attached to?

A

Myosin

62
Q

What is nebulin attached to?

A

Actin

63
Q

What is the H zone?

A

Between ends of actin - shortens

64
Q

What is the I band?

A

Between ends of myosin - shortens

65
Q

What is the A band?

A

Length of myosin - does not shorten

66
Q

Rate of saltatory conduction?

A

120 m/s

67
Q

What is in a muscle triad?

A

2 terminal cisternae (SR) + T tubule

68
Q

Recruitment of fibres?

A

SO > FOG > FG

69
Q

How long does a complete contraction/relaxation take?

A

150 ms

70
Q

What is an intrafusal muscle fibre? Innervation?

A

Muscle spindle; gamma motor neurons

71
Q

What is an extrafusal muscle fibre? Innervation?

A

Motor unit; alpha motor neuron

72
Q

When the muscle spindle stretches, how is firing changed?

A

Increased firing when stretched

Decreased firing when contracted

73
Q

What does GTO detect?

A

Tension at tendon-muscle interface

74
Q

Two ways to monitor muscle damage/soreness?

A

CK and myoglobin

75
Q

What two KC enzymes are increased with training?

A

Citrate synthase, succinate dehydrogenase

76
Q

At what % VO2max do FTb fibres start to adapt/SO lose adaptation?

A

85%

Western (14 decks)

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