Ex Phys - Final Exam

Question 1

Carbs burn __ kcal’s/LO2

Answer 1

5.05

Question 2

Fats burn __ kcals/LO2

Answer 2

4.69

Question 3

Glycogen stores __ kcals/g

Answer 3

1.01

Question 4

Fat stores __ kcals/g

Answer 4

9.4

Question 5

Cofactor? Example?

Answer 5

Non protein component of enzyme - NAD

Question 6

Coenzyme? Example?

Answer 6

Organic part of active site on enzymes - FAD

Question 7

What are fatty acids bound to in the blood?

Answer 7

Albumin

Question 8

How much ATP is produced per PCr molecule?

Answer 8

1

Question 9

How much ATP is produced per glycolysis cycle?

Answer 9

2 for glucose

3 for glycogen

Question 10

How much ATP is produced per CHO oxidation?

Answer 10

30-33

Question 11

How much ATP is produced per fat oxidation?

Answer 11

106

Question 12

Where does the body store glycogen?

Answer 12

80% muscle, 18% liver, 2% plasma

Question 13

Acronym for KC products?

Answer 13

No Crumbly Hamburgers For Ages

Question 14

KC products?

Answer 14

4 NADH + H, 3 CO2, 3 H2, 1 FADH2 + 1 ATP

Question 15

How many NADH + H from B oxidation?

Answer 15

7

Question 16

How many FADH2 from B oxidation?

Answer 16

7

Question 17

How many Acetyl CoA from B oxidation?

Answer 17

8

Question 18

What is the rate limiting enzyme in glycolysis?

Answer 18

PFK

Question 19

What does melate-asperate system produce?

Answer 19

Heart - produces NADH + H

Question 20

What does glycerol-phosphate system produce?

Answer 20

Skeletal muscle - uses NAD, produces FADH2

Question 21

What is the KC rate limiting enzymes?

Answer 21

Citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase

Question 22

What is the fat mobilization rate limiting enzyme?

Answer 22

Carnitine transferase (I)

Question 23

O2 %?

Answer 23

20.93

Question 24

CO2 %?

Answer 24

0.03

Question 25

N2 %?

Answer 25

79.04

Question 26

Atmospheric air pressures?

Answer 26

``` O2 = 159 CO2 = 0.23 ```

Question 27

Oxygenated partial pressure?

Answer 27

``` O2 = 100 CO2 = 40 ```

Question 28

Deoxygenated partial pressures?

Answer 28

``` O2 = 40 CO2 = 46 ```

Question 29

Hb can carry __ O2/gHb

Answer 29

1.34

Question 30

Venous Hb saturation at rest?

Answer 30

70%

Question 31

Venous Hb saturation during exercise?

Answer 31

5%

Question 32

Bohr effect?

Answer 32

Decreased pH = decreased Hb saturation

Question 33

% of CO2 transport in plasma?

Answer 33

7-10%

Question 34

% of CO2 transport by carbaminocompounds?

Answer 34

20-33%

Question 35

% of CO2 transport by bicarbonate buffering?

Answer 35

60-70%

Question 36

Haldene effect?

Answer 36

Hb saturation decreases for O2 when it increases for CO2

Question 37

What do peripheral chemoreceptors detect?

Answer 37

PO2, PCO2, pH

Question 38

What do central chemoreceptors detect?

Answer 38

CO2, pH

Question 39

Fick equation?

Answer 39

VO2 = HR x SV x aVO2diff

Question 40

What is the P wave?

Answer 40

Atrial depolarization

Question 41

What is the QRS complex?

Answer 41

Depolarization of ventricles

Question 42

What is the T wave?

Answer 42

Ventricular repolarization

Question 43

SV = ?

Answer 43

SV = EDV - ESV

Question 44

EF = ?

Answer 44

EF = SV / EDV x 100%

Question 45

Frank Starling mechanism?

Answer 45

Energy of contraction is directly related to the length of the cardiac muscle fibre

Question 46

What blood pressure is higher?

Answer 46

Systolic is higher than diastolic pressure

Question 47

Flow = ? = ?

Answer 47

Pressure / resistance = pressurexradius^4 / lengthxviscosity

Question 48

How much of blood is plasma?

Answer 48

55%

Question 49

How much of blood is hematocrit?

Answer 49

45%

Question 50

CV drift effect on HR?

Answer 50

Increase

Question 51

CV drift effect on CO?

Answer 51

Same

Question 52

CV drift effect on blood volume?

Answer 52

Same

Question 53

CV drift effect on systemic pressure?

Answer 53

Decrease

Question 54

CV drift effect on SV?

Answer 54

Decrease

Question 55

MAP = ?

Answer 55

Diastolic BP + (0.33(systolic BP - diastolic BP)

Question 56

What effect is adrenergic?

Answer 56

Vasoconstriction

Question 57

What effect is cholinergic?

Answer 57

Vasodialation

Question 58

Net extrinsic redistribution effect?

Answer 58

Vasoconstriction

Question 59

What happens at local tissue with auto regulatory control of blood redistribution?

Answer 59

Vasodilation

Question 60

What happens at non-local tissue with auto regulatory control of blood redistribution?

Answer 60

Vasocontriction

Question 61

What is titan attached to?

Answer 61

Myosin

Question 62

What is nebulin attached to?

Answer 62

Actin

Question 63

What is the H zone?

Answer 63

Between ends of actin - shortens

Question 64

What is the I band?

Answer 64

Between ends of myosin - shortens

Question 65

What is the A band?

Answer 65

Length of myosin - does not shorten

Question 66

Rate of saltatory conduction?

Answer 66

120 m/s

Question 67

What is in a muscle triad?

Answer 67

2 terminal cisternae (SR) + T tubule

Question 68

Recruitment of fibres?

Answer 68

SO > FOG > FG

Question 69

How long does a complete contraction/relaxation take?

Answer 69

150 ms

Question 70

What is an intrafusal muscle fibre? Innervation?

Answer 70

Muscle spindle; gamma motor neurons

Question 71

What is an extrafusal muscle fibre? Innervation?

Answer 71

Motor unit; alpha motor neuron

Question 72

When the muscle spindle stretches, how is firing changed?

Answer 72

Increased firing when stretched | Decreased firing when contracted

Question 73

What does GTO detect?

Answer 73

Tension at tendon-muscle interface

Question 74

Two ways to monitor muscle damage/soreness?

Answer 74

CK and myoglobin

Question 75

What two KC enzymes are increased with training?

Answer 75

Citrate synthase, succinate dehydrogenase

Question 76

At what % VO2max do FTb fibres start to adapt/SO lose adaptation?

Answer 76

85%