EVOLUTION OF BEHAVIOR Flashcards
inborn genetic endowment
heredity
extent to which the properties controlled by a gene, its phenotype, will be expressed
penetrance
basic unit of heredity
genes
when cells go through meiosis, portions of the chromosome are lost
deletion
parts of the chromosome are flipped
inversion
parts of the chromosome stick together and switch
translocation
chromosomes don’t separate correctly and either too many or not enough are passed on
non-disjunction
most traits are influenced by multiple genes
polygenic
study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using the principles of natural selection
evolutionary psychology
changes that occur in a population over time
evolution
random error in the gene that lead to a change in the sequence of nucleotides
mutation
among the range of inherited trait variations, those that lead to increased reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
natural selection
within the lifetime
proximate
why change has occurred over years
ultimate
idea that anything natural is good or the more recent traits are better
naturalistic fallacy
study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior
behavior genetics
every nongenetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us
environment
both _____ and _____ interact to shape human behavior
genes and environment
proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes
heritability
develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organism
identical twins
develop from separate eggs
fraternal twins
the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next
culture
an understood rule for accepted expected behavior
norm
