evolution and behavior

Question 1

what is natural selection?

Answer 1

as species are changing, mutations get introduced that can create changes in behavior and characteristics

Question 2

what is evolution ?

Answer 2

change over time in frequency which genes and characteristics they produce

Question 3

what do mutations do?

Answer 3

introduce new genetic variation

Question 4

what are adaptations?

Answer 4

changes that promote survival or reproduction

Question 5

when favorable adaptations become more frequent in the population, and continue down the evolutionary line, this is called?

Answer 5

natural selection

Question 6

what is the natural selection filter analogy?

Answer 6

certain genes that are adaptive are let through

Question 7

do mutations work in conjunction with other mutations?

Answer 7

yes!!

Question 8

what is evolutionary noise?

Answer 8

neutral changes that may become more relevant as the environment continues to change

Question 9

what are domain-specific adaptations?

Answer 9

very specific adaptations that solve particular problems

Question 10

what are broad adaptations?

Answer 10

general, multi-purpose and versatile

Question 11

what is evolutionary psychology?

Answer 11

how behavior and tendencies have evolved in response to environmental demands

Question 12

what is the five factor model of personality?

Answer 12

all things that make up our genotype differences can be categorized into five groups

Question 13

what are the five factor groups of personality?

Answer 13

Openess (honesty)
Conscientiousness (how aware you are)
Extraversion (how outgoing you are)
Agreeableness (how likely you are to agree or argue)
Neuroticism (anxiety and fear)
(ocean)

Question 14

what is the evolutionary personality theory?

Answer 14

that genetic contribution implies an evolutionary role in shaping personality

Question 15

is there always natural variaion?

Answer 15

yes!

Question 16

what is one of the key principles to evolutionary history?

Answer 16

there is no one-size-fits-all solution! different traits are adaptive in different environments

Question 17

what is cooperation?

Answer 17

one individual helps another and each gains some advantage

Question 18

what is altruism?

Answer 18

one individual helps another for no apparent benefit (costs involved)

Question 19

what is kin selection theory?

Answer 19

helping one’s relative even if there is no immediate benefit to us

Question 20

what is reciprocal altruism theory?

Answer 20

a general helping that is not based on genetic awareness

Question 21

it is observed that people are more willing to help _____ __________ in which we have ___________ _______________ in common

Answer 21

close relatives; genetic material

Question 22

what is the cost/benefit trade off?

Answer 22

there are both drawbacks and advantages, but do the advantages outweigh the drawbacks?

Question 23

what do dominance hierarchies do?

Answer 23

some initial aggression to establish a hierarchy prevents conflict, as the hierarchy provides clear rules for who gets access to what resources?

Question 24

assuming that every aspect of behavior can be explained by evolution is?

Answer 24

a common error!

Question 25

what is genetic determinism?

Answer 25

the idea that genes have invariant and unavoidable effects (we cannot hold them accountable to their actions because it is in their genes)

Question 26

what is social darwinism?

Answer 26

the idea that societies which are most prosperous are genetically superior