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Ush > Evolution > Flashcards

Evolution Flashcards

1
Q

What is evolutiom

A

Change in dna over time

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2
Q

What causes variation in nature

A

DNA mutation/ natural selection

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3
Q

What happens to organism with favorable traits

A

Survive and reproduce

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4
Q

What happens to organisms with unfavorable traits

A

Die of

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5
Q

Natural selection

A

Organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce vice versa

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6
Q

Artificial selection

A

Humans determine the best characteristics and make those survive and reproduce

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7
Q

Sexual selection

A

One sex favors a certain trait in the opposite sex and mate with them which makes that trait more common

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8
Q

Homologous structures

A

similar physical features in organisms that share a common ancestor, but the features serve completely different functions Ex whale bat

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9
Q

Fossils

A

Preserved remains of plants/animals

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10
Q

DNA and protein

A

Similar dna= closely related

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11
Q

Embryology

A

Similarities I’m unborn animals

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12
Q

Founder effect

A

Part of the population becomes separated from original population

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12
Q

Common ancestors

A

Organisms that have evolved from one species to different species

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13
Q

Vestigial structures

A

Once useful body parts that have expired use due to evolution example: whale walking fun

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14
Q

Bottleneck effect

A

Extreme reduction due to humans/ natural disaster

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15
Q

In nature why do most organisms have a stable population size

A

Natural selection, competition, lack of recources

16
Q

Gene flow

A

Occurs when organisms move into or out of an environment, bringing their dna with them

17
Q

Allele

A

One from mom one from dad :variation of a gene

17
Q

Population

A

Organisms of a species living together in one particular place

18
Q

Stabilizing selection

A

Favors the average traits

19
Q

Directional selection

A

Favors the extreme traits

20
Q

Diversifying selecfion

A

Selection toward both ends of the extremes

21
Q

Aa

A

Heterozygous

22
Q

AA

A

Homozygous dominant

23
Q

aa

A

Homozygous recessive

24
Q

In a population of 1300 crocodiles 400 appear short toothed which is a recessive trait

What percent is homozygous recessive?

What is the frequency of the dominant allele?

What percent of the population is heterozygous?

A

31%

44%

19%

49%

25
Q

In owls 250 out of 700 adults have a dominant phenotype

What so the frequency of the recessive allele?

What is the frequency of the dominant allele?

What percent of owls are heterozygous

A

.8

.2

.32

26
Q

In the scarlet tiger moth color is determined by two alleles. White is dominant and yellow is recessive. I’m a population 1607 are white 59 are yellow

Q2
Q
P
P2
2pq

A

.04
.2
.8
.64
.32

27
Q

How many decimals do we round to

A

2

Ush (20 decks)

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