Evo-Devo Flashcards
what are phylotypic stages?
shells, fins etc develop later on
early stage all basic structures look the same
comparemalised into anterior and posterior segments
what do maternal genes give rise to?
protein gradients
transcription regulates?
gap genes which regulates pair rule
what is segment polarity?
the gene engraved in the germ band stage of arthropods - stripes
what is the phylotypic hourglass?
up segmentation cascade - a greater difference between species
what is special about the Hox gene?
expression provides a hox code of positional info across bilaterians
tinman?
genes and heart development
how did the eye evolve?
Pax 6 - different ways in different organisms
last common ancestor?
eubilaterian
what makes up genes?
regulatory elements, promoters, introns, exons and UTRs
types of mutations?
point, duplications, rearrangements, indents - insertion/deletion
what are hox gene clusters an example of?
evolution via duplication
what is the DDC model?
duplication - degeneration - complementation - either
- subfunctionalisation - both get mutation, if complementary survive
- neofunctionalisation - new function
- nonfunctionalisation - death
what do modular regulatory elements control?
expression in distinct contexts
what is pleitropy?
multiple functions of the one gene