Eukaryotic Cell Cycle and Life Cycle Flashcards
Draw the phases of the eukaryotic cell cycle
Check notes
Interphase
G1 = cell growth S = DNA synthesis G2 = cell growth
Mitotic Phase
Cell division Consists of: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
A cell in a human adult is:
2n = 46 2c = 6000 4c = 12000
A human gamete is:
n = 23 c = 3000
What begins when cohesion rings are broken?
Anaphase
Protected Cohesions
Keep sister chromatids together
Unprotected Cohesions
Keep analogous chromosomes together
What is the purpose of mitosis?
To make identical daughter cells
Cells that are n are:
Haploid
Cells that are 2n are:
Diploid
How is DNA measured?
By the number of base pairs
Base pair conversions
1000 bp = 1 Kb
1,000,000 bp = 1 Mb
Genome
All of the genes in a haploid cell
How does the number of chromosomes change during the cell cycle?
It doesn’t change - the number of chromosomes are consistent 2n
How does the amount of DNA change during the cell cycle?
The DNA goes from 2c to 4c during S and goes back to 2c during mitosis
What is the purpose of fertilization?
To join two haploid cells into a single diploid cell
What is the purpose of meiosis?
To make haploid cells from a diploid cell
Draw the steps of meiosis
See notes
Prophase 1
Cohesions hold DNA molecules together
Anaphase 1
Destruction of unprotected cohesions = the separation of homologous chromosomes
Anaphase 2
Destruction of protected cohesions = the separation of sister chromatids
How does the number of chromosomes change during the life cycle?
2n until meiosis 1 where it will be n until gametes
How does the amount of DNA change during the life cycle?
2c to 4c in S back to 2c during meiosis 1 and then c during meiosis 2
