Eukaryotic Flashcards
Eukaryotic
cells containing nucleus and organelles, and are enclosed by a plasma membrane.
Plasma Membrane
Protects cell from its surroundings
Regulates movement of substances in and out cells
Nucleus
Two major functions:
- Stores cell’s DNA
- Coordinates cell activities, includes growth, intermediary metabolism, protein synthesis, and reproduction (cell division)
Nucleolus
Not surrounded by membrane but sits in nucleus.
Makes ribosomal subunits from proteins and ribosomal RNA
Vesicle
Vesicles form naturally during processes of secretion (exocytosis), uptake (phagocytosis) and transport of materials within cytoplasm
Centriole
Main function help with cell division in animal cells. Help in formation of spindle fibers that separate chromosomes during cell division (mitosis).
Lysosome
Enclosed by a single cell membrane
Organelles that contain digestive enzymes. Digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and pathogens
Golgi Apparatus
Series of single, curved sacs enclosed by a membrane
Many vesicles cluster around Golgi apparatus
Modifies proteins and packages them in vesicles for transport
Ribosomes
Makes protein.
Protein needed for many cell functions such as repairing damage or directing chemical processes.
Cytoplasm
Contains molecules such as enzymes which are responsible for breaking down waste and also aid in metabolic activity.
Give cell shape. Helps to fill out the cell and keeps organelles in their place.
Mitochondrion
Contains 70s ribosomes and DNA
Main job to perform cellular respiration. Means it:
-takes in nutrients from cell, breaks it down, and turns it into energy.
Energy used by the cell to carry out various functions.
rER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum)
Has ribosomes on surface
Proteins made here
sER (Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum)
Lipids made here
