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Oncology > Essays 41- 50 > Flashcards

Essays 41- 50 Flashcards

1
Q

occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma

A

50% of dog tumours

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2
Q

form of hepatocellular carcinoma

A

massive - one lobe
2/3 in left lobe and papillary process

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3
Q

breed predisposition of hepatocellular carcinoma

A

miniature schnauzers

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4
Q

signs of hepatocellular carcinoma

A

inappetance
lethargy
vomiting
PU/PD
ascites
ataxia
hepatic encephalopahy
seizures

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5
Q

diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

A

blood test
increased ast/alt
US, CT, xray
liver biopsy

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6
Q

name of 3 types of perianal tumours

A

perianal adenoma - hepatoid adenoma
perianal adenocarcinoma
para anal gland adenocarcinoma

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7
Q

perianal adenoma – Hepatoid adenoma

A

common in older intact dogs
hormone dependant
slow growing
locally invasive
no metastases

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8
Q

Perianal adenocarcinoma

A

older bigger breeds
non hormone dependant
fast growing
no metastases at time of diagnosis

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9
Q

Para-anal gland adenocarcinoma

A

> 10yrs
english cocker
non hormone
aggressive
early metastases
hypercalcaemic

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10
Q

clinical signs of Adenoma

A

non painful
moveable, well circumscribed

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11
Q

clinical signs of Perianal and paranal gland adenocarcinomas

A

pain/ irritation in area
firm adhering mass
ulcerarion
obstipation
HL oedema
PU/PD

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12
Q

therapy of adenocarcinomas

A

cytology first
removal of half the sphincter
chemo - toxeranic, carboplatin, cisplatin

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13
Q

therapy of adenoma

A

castration
marginal excision

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14
Q

what is a GIST

A

gastro intestinal stromal tumour

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15
Q

incidence of GIST

A

in dogs

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16
Q

diagnosis of GIST

A

palpable abdominal mass (RDP)
lab
xray
endoscope
laparatomy

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17
Q

therapy of GIST

A

surgery
tyrosine kinase inhibitors
metronomic chemotherapy

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18
Q

radiotherapy for sinonasal tumours

A

definitive intent radiotherapy
intensity modulate radiotherapy
stereotactic radiotherapy
palliative intent radiotherapy

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19
Q

acute complications of radiotherapy

A

oral mucositis
KCS, blepharitis
rhinitis
skin desquamation

20
Q

late effects of complications of radiotherapy

A

cataract, uveitis
KCS, cornea atrophy
retinal degeneration
haemorrhage
neuronal tissue damage

21
Q

predisposition of pulmonary tumours

A

boxers, dobermann, australian shepherd
persian cats

22
Q

pathology of pulmonary tumours

A

from epithelium of large airways or alveoli
near hilus or peripheral
spread by local invasion
metastases to LN, bone

23
Q

clinical signs of pulmonary tumours

A

coughing
dyspnoea
lethargy
hyporexia
weight,loss
hemoptysis
increased bronchovesicular signs
dull CV sounds
neurological signs
gi signs
lameness

24
Q

main pulmonary tumours in cats

A

adenocarcinoma

25
Q

main pulmonary tumours in dogs

A

bronchialveolar
scc,
adenocarcinoma

26
Q

treatment of SCC of nasal planum

A

surgery - nasal planum resection
radiotherapy
strontium plesiotherapy - radioactive
chemo - intranasal or electrochemo - carboplatin
photodynamic therapy - free radicals

27
Q

urinary TCC incidence

A

urinary bladder
dog > cat
bitch > male
scottie, beagle, westie

28
Q

urinary TCC risk factors

A

overweight
cyclophosphamide treatment
isecticides

29
Q

clinical signs of urinary TCC

A

dysuria
hematuria
urinary incontinence
pollakysuria
lameness

30
Q

urinary TCC diagnosis

A

palpation
urine sediment cytology
urine anitgen test
histopath
immunohistochem

31
Q

urinary TCC treatment

A

surgery - laser
systemic chemo - mitoxantron/ cisplatin/ carboplatin
local chemo - mitomycin
radiotherapy
palliative cox antagonists
homeotherapy

32
Q

prostate tumour incidence

A

adenocarcinoma
doberman, shetland, scottie, beagle

33
Q

prostate tumour clinical signs

A

dysuria
hematuria
urine retention
hydrourether, hydronephros
tenesmus
neurological dysfunction

34
Q

prostate tumour diagnostic steps

A

clinical signs
clinical examination
rectal palp
imaging
lab tests
FNA/ biopsy
diagnosis

35
Q

incidence of feline kidney lymphoma

A

cats
9yrs

36
Q

clinical signs of feline kidney lymphoma

A

aspecific
bilateral renomegalia
diffuse cortex

37
Q

diagnosis of feline kidney lymphoma

A

physical exam
palpation
painful kidneys
lab
histopath
excretory urography, CT, scintography
abdo US, thoracic CT

38
Q

treatment of feline kidney lymphoma

A

cyclophosphamide
doxorubicin
vincristine
prednisolone

39
Q

what is PNST

A

peripheral nerve sheath tumour

40
Q

characteristics of PNST

A

from schwann cells
middle aged/ old dogs
rare metastsis
can be secondary to lymphoma, malignant sarcoma, haemangiosarcoma, hamartoma

41
Q

PNST incidence

A

trigeminal
C6 - T2 spinal nerve root
lumbar intumenscence nerves

42
Q

types of PNST

A

schwannoma, neurofibroma, neurofibrosarcoma

43
Q

symptoms of PNST

A

chronic lamness

44
Q

trigeminal PNST

A

unilat masticatory muscular atrophy
decreased jaw tone
decreased facial sensation
horners

45
Q

diagnosis of PNST

A

brachial plexus can be palpated
MRI
US
cytology
histopath

Oncology (12 decks)

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