Essay Questions

Question 1

Describe 4 entry routes Biohazard can get in your body?

Answer 1

Airborne - inhaled when splashes, aerosols, or fumes are generated

Ingestion - can be ingested if workers neglect to sanitize hands before handling food, gum, ciggs or drinks

Nonintact skin - can enter the body thru visible and invisible breaks in skin

Percutaneous - through the skin exposure

Permucosal - through mucous membranes

Question 2

Describe the route of HIV transmission and the viral cellular processes that leads to Aids ?

Answer 2

It is transmitted through the process of mitosis it hides itself behind other red blood cells until the body gets weak and then it multiplies

Question 3

Explain the 4 humors and their significance in the 12th and 19th century

Answer 3

4 humors are : blood, phlegm, Black Bile And yellow bile. Founded by the father of medicine Hippocrates and this shows the body is not in its proper balance

Question 4

What is meant by the chain of infection?

Answer 4

Chain of infection is the infection transmission which consists of 6 components. 1) infectious agent (the germ) {bacteria, fungus, protozoon, rickettsia, virus}. 2) Reservoir (the place where it can grow) {animal, human, equipment, food, soil, water} 3) Exit Pathway (path out of Reservoir host) {blood, exudates, excretions, secretions} 4) Means of Transmission (method of spreading from Reservoir to susceptible host) {airborne, contact, droplet, vector, vehicle} 5) Entry Pathway ( path in to a susceptible host) {body orifices, mucous membranes and broken skin} 6) Susceptible host (next person with decreased ability to resist function) {elderly, newborn, acute/chronically ill, immune suppressed, unvaccinated

Question 5

How does the chain of infection relate to hospital infection control ?

Answer 5

Hospital infection control programs implements procedures aimed at breaking the chain of infection, monitors, and collects data on all infections occurring within the institution, and institutes special precautions in the event of outbreaks of specific infections

Question 6

How is the chain of infection accomplished and how is it broken?

Answer 6

It is accomplished by going through the 6 components of the infection .

It is broken by : 1) hand hygiene procedures

2) good nutrition, rest, less stress
3) insect and rodent control
4) isolation procedures
5) immunizations against common pathogens
6) proper decontamination of surfaces and instruments
7) proper disposal of sharps and infectious waste
8) use of gloves, gowns, masks, respirators, and other PPE
9) use of needle safety devices during blood collection

Question 7

Name the 5 modes of transmission?

Answer 7

Airborne- sneezing/coughing
Contact- touching objects
Droplets- mucous membranes
Vector- mosquitos
Vehicle- contaminated food, drinks or drugs