Ch. 6 Vascular System KEY TERMS

Question 1

Pulmonary Circulation

Answer 1

Vascular pathway that carries blood from the heart to the lungs to remove carbon dioxide and returns oxygenated blood to the heart.

Question 2

Systemic Circulation

Answer 2

Vascular pathway that carries oxygenated blood from the heart, along with nutrients, to all the cells of the body and then returns the blood to the heart, carrying carbon dioxide and other waste products of cellular metabolism

Question 3

Arteries

Answer 3

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

Question 4

Arterioles

Answer 4

The smallest branches of arteries which join with the capillaries

Question 5

Aorta

Answer 5

The largest artery in the body, arising from the left ventricle of the heart and approximately 1 in. (2.5 cm) in diameter

Question 6

Veins

Answer 6

Blood vessels that return blood to the heart

Question 7

Venules

Answer 7

The smallest veins at the junction of the capillaries

Question 8

Vena Cava

Answer 8

Either of two veins, the superior veins cava and the inferior vena cava, that return blood to the heart and are the largest veins in the body

Question 9

Great Saphenous Vein

Answer 9

The longest vein in the body, located in the leg

Question 10

Capillaries

Answer 10

Microscopic, one cell thick vessels that connect the arterioles and venules forming a bridge between the arterial and venous circulations

Question 11

Tunica Adventitia

Answer 11

The outer layer of a blood vessel, made up of connective tissue, and thicker in arteries than vein, also called the tunica externa

Question 12

Tunica Media

Answer 12

The middle layer of a blood vessel, made up of smooth muscle tissue and some elastic fibers and much thicker in arteries than in veins

Question 13

Tunica Intima

Answer 13

The inner layer or lining of a blood vessel, made up of a single layer of endothelial cells, a basement membrane, a connective tissue layer and an elastic internal membrane, also called tunica interna

Question 14

Lumen

Answer 14

The internal space of a blood vessel or a tube

Question 15

Antecubital fossa

Answer 15

The area of the arm that is anterior to (in front of) and below the bend of the elbow, where the major veins for Venipuncture are located

Question 16

Antecubital Veins

Answer 16

Major superficial veins located in the antecubital fossa

Question 17

Median Cubital Vein

Answer 17

The preferred vein for Venipuncture, located in the middle of the antecubital fossa

Question 18

Cephalic Vein

Answer 18

The second - choice antecubital Vein for Venipuncture, located in the lateral aspect of the antecubital fossa

Question 19

Basilic Vein

Answer 19

Large vein on the inner side of the antecubital are that is the last choice Vein for Venipuncture

Question 20

Median cutaneous nerve

Answer 20

A major motor and sensory nerve in the arm that lies along the path of the brachial artery and in the vicinity of the basilic Vein

Question 21

Brachial artery

Answer 21

Artery located in the medial anterior aspect of the antecubital fossa bear the insertion of the biceps muscle; the second choice for arterial puncture

Question 22

Intermediate antebrachial (median vein)

Answer 22

The first choice for Venipuncture in the M - shaped pattern because it is well anchored, tends to be less painful, and is not as close to major nerves or arteries as the others, making it generally safest to Puncture

Question 23

Intermediate Cephalic Vein (median cephalic Vein)

Answer 23

The second - choice for Venipuncture in the M-shaped patter because it is accessible and is for the most part located away from major arteries or nerves, making it generally safe to Puncture. It is also less likely to roll and relatively less painful to Puncture

Question 24

Intermediate basilic Vein (median basilic Vein)

Answer 24

The third choice even though it may appear more accessible, is more painful and is located near the anterior and posterior branch of the medial cutaneous nerve

Question 25

Aneurysm

Answer 25

A localized dilation or bulging in the wall of a blood vessel, usually an artery

Question 26

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 26

Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of artery walls

Question 27

Atherosclerosis

Answer 27

A form of arteriosclerosis involving changes in the intima of the artery due to accumulation of lipids and so on

Question 28

Embolism

Answer 28

Obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus

Question 29

Embolus

Answer 29

A blood clot, part of a blood clot, or other mass of undissolved matter circulating in the bloodstream

Question 30

Hemorrhoids

Answer 30

Varicose veins in the rectal area

Question 31

Phlebitis

Answer 31

Inflammation of a vein

Question 32

Thrombophlebitis

Answer 32

Inflammation of a vein along with thrombus (blood clot) formation

Question 33

Thrombus

Answer 33

A blood clot in a blood vessel

Question 34

Varicose veins

Answer 34

Swollen, knitted superficial veins