Ch. 6 Vascular System KEY TERMS Flashcards
Pulmonary Circulation
Vascular pathway that carries blood from the heart to the lungs to remove carbon dioxide and returns oxygenated blood to the heart.
Systemic Circulation
Vascular pathway that carries oxygenated blood from the heart, along with nutrients, to all the cells of the body and then returns the blood to the heart, carrying carbon dioxide and other waste products of cellular metabolism
Arteries
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
Arterioles
The smallest branches of arteries which join with the capillaries
Aorta
The largest artery in the body, arising from the left ventricle of the heart and approximately 1 in. (2.5 cm) in diameter
Veins
Blood vessels that return blood to the heart
Venules
The smallest veins at the junction of the capillaries
Vena Cava
Either of two veins, the superior veins cava and the inferior vena cava, that return blood to the heart and are the largest veins in the body
Great Saphenous Vein
The longest vein in the body, located in the leg
Capillaries
Microscopic, one cell thick vessels that connect the arterioles and venules forming a bridge between the arterial and venous circulations
Tunica Adventitia
The outer layer of a blood vessel, made up of connective tissue, and thicker in arteries than vein, also called the tunica externa
Tunica Media
The middle layer of a blood vessel, made up of smooth muscle tissue and some elastic fibers and much thicker in arteries than in veins
Tunica Intima
The inner layer or lining of a blood vessel, made up of a single layer of endothelial cells, a basement membrane, a connective tissue layer and an elastic internal membrane, also called tunica interna
Lumen
The internal space of a blood vessel or a tube
Antecubital fossa
The area of the arm that is anterior to (in front of) and below the bend of the elbow, where the major veins for Venipuncture are located
Antecubital Veins
Major superficial veins located in the antecubital fossa
Median Cubital Vein
The preferred vein for Venipuncture, located in the middle of the antecubital fossa
Cephalic Vein
The second - choice antecubital Vein for Venipuncture, located in the lateral aspect of the antecubital fossa
Basilic Vein
Large vein on the inner side of the antecubital are that is the last choice Vein for Venipuncture
Median cutaneous nerve
A major motor and sensory nerve in the arm that lies along the path of the brachial artery and in the vicinity of the basilic Vein
Brachial artery
Artery located in the medial anterior aspect of the antecubital fossa bear the insertion of the biceps muscle; the second choice for arterial puncture
Intermediate antebrachial (median vein)
The first choice for Venipuncture in the M - shaped pattern because it is well anchored, tends to be less painful, and is not as close to major nerves or arteries as the others, making it generally safest to Puncture
Intermediate Cephalic Vein (median cephalic Vein)
The second - choice for Venipuncture in the M-shaped patter because it is accessible and is for the most part located away from major arteries or nerves, making it generally safe to Puncture. It is also less likely to roll and relatively less painful to Puncture
Intermediate basilic Vein (median basilic Vein)
The third choice even though it may appear more accessible, is more painful and is located near the anterior and posterior branch of the medial cutaneous nerve
Aneurysm
A localized dilation or bulging in the wall of a blood vessel, usually an artery
Arteriosclerosis
Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of artery walls
Atherosclerosis
A form of arteriosclerosis involving changes in the intima of the artery due to accumulation of lipids and so on
Embolism
Obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus
Embolus
A blood clot, part of a blood clot, or other mass of undissolved matter circulating in the bloodstream
Hemorrhoids
Varicose veins in the rectal area
Phlebitis
Inflammation of a vein
Thrombophlebitis
Inflammation of a vein along with thrombus (blood clot) formation
Thrombus
A blood clot in a blood vessel
Varicose veins
Swollen, knitted superficial veins
