Chapter 3 Key Terms Flashcards
Biohazard
Short for biological hazard, Any material or substance harmful to health
Chain of infection
A number of components or events that when present in a series lead to an infection.
HBV
Hepatitis B Virus, the virus that causes hepatitis B is much more virulent than the HIV virus
HCV
Hepatitis C Virus, known as the tuberculosis (mycobacterium tuberculosis) which is caught airborne
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus, the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Immune
Protected from or resistant to a particular disease or infection because of the development of antibody against a particular vaccination or recovery
Infectious / causative agent
The pathogen responsible for causing an Infection
Isolation procedures
Separate patients with certain transmissible infections
Microbe
Short for microorganism, a microscopic organism or one that is not visible to the naked eye.
Pathogenic
Capable of causing disease
Pathogens
Microbes capable of causing disease
Percutaneous
Through the skin
Permucosal
Through mucous membranes
PPE
Personal Protective Equipment, Protective clothing and other Protective items worn by an individual.
Reservoir
The source of an infectious microorganism
Reverse isolation
Same as Protective isolation, Protective measures are taken to keep healthcare workers and others from transmitting infection to a patient who is highly susceptible to infection
Standard precautions
Precautions to use in caring for all patients regardless of diagnosis or presumed infection status that are intended to minimize the risk of infection transmission from both recognized and unrecognized sources. They apply to blood, all body fluids (including all secretions and excretions except sweat, whether or not they contain visible blood) , nonintact skin and mucous membranes
Susceptible hosts
An individual who has little resistance to an infectious agent
Transmission based precautions
Precautions used in addition to standard precautions for patients known or suspected to be infected or colonized with highly transmissable or epidemiologically significant pathogens
Vector transmission
Transmission of an infectious agent by an insect, arthropod, or animal
Vehicle transmission
Transmission of an infectious agent through contaminated food, water, drugs, or transfusion of blood
