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Chemistry - AS Level > ES 2 > Flashcards

ES 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens to reducing agents in chemical reactions?

A

They are oxidized

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2
Q

Half equation for reduction

A

Cl2 + 2e- —> 2Cl-

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3
Q

Half equation for oxidation

A

2Br- -> Br2 + 2e-

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4
Q

What does oxidation mean?

A
  • Gain of oxygen
  • Loss of electrons
  • An increase in oxidation number
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5
Q

What does reduction mean?

A
  • Loss of oxygen
  • Gain of electrons
  • Decrease in oxidation number
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6
Q

What does the oxidation state of an element tell you?

A

How many electrons have been lost or gained compared to the unreacted element

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7
Q

What is the oxidation state for an atom in an element? Eg. O2, Mg, Cl2

A

0

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8
Q

How do you work out the oxidation states of the elements in a compound?

A

Oxidation states of all the elements must add up to 0 if the compound has no overall charge
- Some elements have oxidation states which never change

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9
Q

Oxidation state of flourine

A

-1

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10
Q

Oxidation state of oxygen in a compound

A

-2 (except when combined with F)

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11
Q

Oxidation state of chlorine in a compound

A

-1 (except when combined with O or F)

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12
Q

Oxidation state of bromine in a compound

A

-1 (except when combined with Cl, O or F)

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13
Q

Which element will retain its oxidation state in a compound?

A

The more reactive element

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14
Q

What is the oxidation state of iodine in a compound?

A

-1 (except when reacted with F, O, Cl, Br)

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15
Q

What is the oxidation state of hydrogen in a compound?

A

+1 (except in a metal hydride eg, NaH)

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16
Q

What is the oxidation state of a group one element in a compound?

A

+1

17
Q

What is the oxidation state of a group 2 element in a compound?

A

+ 2

18
Q

What is the oxidation state of a group 3 element in a compound?

A

+3

19
Q

What do the oxidation states add up to in PO4 3-?

A

-3

20
Q

How to work out systematic names

A

1) identify the name of the compound
2) work out the variable the element which has a variable oxidation state
3) work out its oxidation state
4) place the oxidation number in Roman numerals next to the variable element

21
Q

How to name an oxyanion

A

Place the oxidation number in Roman numerals in brackets after the -ate

22
Q

Oxidation state on 2I-

A

Still -1

23
Q

What does a decrease in oxidation state mean?

A

Reduced

Chemistry - AS Level (39 decks)

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