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Chemistry - AS Level > EL 7 (part 2) > Flashcards

EL 7 (part 2) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a compound?

A

Atoms of different elements which are chemically bonded

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2
Q

What is ionic bonding?

A

The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

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3
Q

What is metallic bonding?

A

The electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons

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4
Q

What substances have a macro molecular structure?

A

Polymers

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5
Q

What substances have a covalent network structure?

A

Some elements in group 4 and some of their compounds

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6
Q

What substances have a simple molecular structure?

A
  • Some non-metal/non-metal compounds
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7
Q

What are the giant lattice structures?

A

Ionic, covalent network, metallic

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8
Q

What are the covalent molecular structures?

A

Simple molecular and macromolecular

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9
Q

Examples of ionic structures

A

Sodium chloride and calcium oxide

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10
Q

Examples of covalent network structures

A

Diamond, graphite, silica

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11
Q

Examples of metallic structures

A

Sodium, copper, iron

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12
Q

Examples of simple molecular structures

A

CO2, H2O, Cl2

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13
Q

Examples of macromolecular structures

A

Polythene, proteins, DNA

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14
Q

What type of particles do ionic structures contain?

A

Ions

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15
Q

What type of particles do covalent network structures contain?

A

Atoms

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16
Q

What type of particles do metallic structures contain?

A

Positive ions surrounded by delocalised electrons

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17
Q

What type of particles do simple molecular structures contain?

A

Small molecules

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18
Q

What type of particles do macromolecular structures contain?

A

Long-chain molecules

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19
Q

How are the particles in an ionic structure bonded together?

A

Strong ionic bonds between oppositely charged ions

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20
Q

How are the particles in covalent network structure bonded together?

A

Strong covalent bonds

21
Q

How are the particles in a metallic structure bonded together?

A

Strong metallic bonds

22
Q

How are the particles in simple molecular and macromolecular structures bonded together?

A
  • Weak intermolecular bonds between molecules
  • strong covalent bonds between the atoms within molecules
23
Q

What is melting and boiling point like in ionic structures?

A

High

24
Q

What is melting and boiling point like in covalent network structures?

A

Very high

25
Q

What is melting and boiling point like in metallic structures?

A

Generally high (except mercury)

26
Q

What is melting and boiling point like in simple molecular structures?

A

Low

27
Q

What is melting and boiling point like in macromolecular structures?

A

Moderate - often decompose on heating

28
Q

What is hardness like in ionic structures?

A

Hard but brittle

29
Q

What is melting and boiling point like in covalent network structures?

A

Very hard (if three-dimensional)

30
Q

What is melting and boiling point like in metallic structures?

A

Hard but malleable

31
Q

What is melting and boiling point like in simple molecular structures?

A

Soft

32
Q

What is melting and boiling point like in macromolecular structures?

A

Variable - many are soft but often flexible

33
Q

What is electrical conductivity like in an ionic structure?

A

Electrolytes only conduct when molten or dissolved in water

34
Q

What is electrical conductivity like in a covalent network structure?

A

Do not normally conduct - except graphite

35
Q

What is electrical conductivity like in a metallic structure?

A

Conduct when solid or liquid

36
Q

What is electrical conductivity like in a simple molecular and macromolecular structure?

A

Do not conduct

37
Q

What is solubility in water like in ionic structures?

A

Often soluble

38
Q

What is solubility in water like in covalent network structures?

A

Insoluble

39
Q

What is solubility in water like inmetallic structures?

A

Insoluble (but some react)

40
Q

What is solubility in water like in simple molecular structures?

A

Usually insoluble
- unless molecules contain groups which can hydrogen bond with water

41
Q

What is solubility in water like in macromolecular structures?

A

Usually insoluble

42
Q

What is solubility in non-polar solvents like in macromolecular structures?

A

Sometimes soluble

43
Q

What is solubility in non-polar solvents like in simple molecular structures?

A

Usually soluble

44
Q

What is solubility in non-polar solvents like in metallic structures?

A

Insoluble

45
Q

What is solubility in non-polar solvents like in covalent network structures?

A

Insoluble

46
Q

What is solubility in non-polar solvents like in ionic structures?

A

Insoluble

47
Q

Why do metals have good electrical conductivity?

A

Delocalised electrons can move freely

48
Q

Why are metals ductile?

A

The free movement of delocalised electrons allows atoms on layers to slide past each other

Chemistry - AS Level (39 decks)

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